Accretion, Outflows, and Winds of Magnetized Stars

Many types of stars have strong magnetic fields that can dynamically influence the flow of circumstellar matter. In stars with accretion disks, the stellar magnetic field can truncate the inner disk and determine the paths that matter can take to flow onto the star. These paths are different in stars with different magnetospheres and periods of rotation. External field lines of the magnetosphere may inflate and produce favorable conditions for outflows from the disk-magnetosphere boundary. Outflows can be particularly strong in the propeller regime, wherein a star rotates more rapidly than the inner disk. Outflows may also form at the disk-magnetosphere boundary of slowly rotating stars, if the magnetosphere is compressed by the accreting matter. In isolated, strongly magnetized stars, the magnetic field can influence formation and/or propagation of stellar wind outflows. Winds from low-mass, solar-type stars may be either thermally or magnetically driven, while winds from massive, luminous O and B type stars are radiatively driven. In all of these cases, the magnetic field influences matter flow from the stars and determines many observational properties. In this chapter we review recent studies of accretion, outflows, and winds of magnetized stars with a focus on three main topics: (1) accretion onto magnetized stars; (2) outflows from the disk-magnetosphere boundary; and (3) winds from isolated massive magnetized stars. We show results obtained from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations and, in a number of cases compare global simulations with observations.Comment: 60 pages, 44 figure

Clinical features of subacute course of radiation disease

Aim: to show the clinical features of subacute course of subacute course of radiation disease and how they differ from the typical manifestations of acute and chronic radiation syndrome. Material and methods. Materials of the Burnasyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center Register of acute radiation disease (ARS) in the Former USSR and Russia and Materials of a Burnasyan Federal Medical and Biophysical Center database of workers "Mayak" with chronic radiation syndrome (CRS) were analyzed. There were selected 22 patients with radiation syndrome due to fractionated or prolonged accidental exposure (the main group of patients). There were formed two subgroups for comparison: patients with a typical marrowy syndrome of acute radiation disease and with chronic radiation syndrome. Statistical analysis of results was made by means of statistical software package Statistica v. 6.1 for Windows (StatSoft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. It was found that subacute course of radiation syndrome is possible under radiation exposure with medium dose rate in the range of 0.1-0.3 Gy/day Early symptoms of the disease as a primary reaction symptoms are completely absent. First complaints appeared in the earliest one month after the start of work in adverse conditions, on the average 6 months. In the period of formation there is a pancytopenia in the peripheral blood. Duration of the formation period was also determined. In this case radiation cataracts in patients are not observed. After the termination of radiation exposure hematopoietic recovery is slow, possibly incomplete with a high probability of hemoblastosis development. Conclusions. There has been described the subacute course of radiation disease by analyzing the clinical material of patients with radiation syndrome, there has been analyzed the clinical criteria that distinguish subacute radiation syndrome from acute and chronic

Features of medical examination of suitability of employees for working at nuclear power plant after myocardial infarction

Aim: examination of professional qualification of NPP personnel suffering from post-infarction cardiosclerosis, to work with sources of ionizing radiation with the formation of proposals of amendments to the order of the health Ministry from 12.04.2011 No. 302-N. Material and Methods. Medical database by making indicators with individual registration forms made from 269 persons with postinfarction cardiosclerosis staff of main and auxiliary production of Russian NPPs (272 men and 7 women), average age of the examined patients was 56.2 ± 7.0 years; the total number the analyzed characteristics, reflected in the generated database was 49 lines. Results. The results of the risk stratification of sudden cardiac death with the formation of risk groups and proposed draft amendments to the Order of the health Ministry of the Russian Federation of 12 April 2011 No. 302-n order differential approach to the assessment of competency in hazardous conditions patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Conclusion. On the basis of clinical examination and assessment of risk for sudden cardiac death, it is necessary to make changes in the List of medical contraindications for admission to works in accordance with section 4 of Annex No. 3 to the Order of Ministry of health, April 12, 2011 No. 302 n in terms of access to work with ionizing radiation to persons suffering from post-infarction cardiosclerosis; to identify among patients postpartum cardiosclerosis persons not fit to continue the work in contact with sources of ionizing radiation, it is necessary referral to additional examination in occupational disease Centers in accordance with the Order of Ministry of health, April 12, 2011 No. 302 N