30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one anastomosis gastric bypass: a propensity score-matched analysis of the GENEVA data

Background: There is a paucity of data comparing 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study aimed to compare the 30-day safety of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. Materials and methods: This analysis utilised data collected from the GENEVA study which was a multicentre observational cohort study of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in 185 centres across 42 countries between 01/05/2022 and 31/10/2020 during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 30-day complications were categorised according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Patients receiving SG, RYGB, or OAGB were propensity-matched according to baseline characteristics and 30-day complications were compared between groups. Results: In total, 6770 patients (SG 3983; OAGB 702; RYGB 2085) were included in this analysis. Prior to matching, RYGB was associated with highest 30-day complication rate (SG 5.8%; OAGB 7.5%; RYGB 8.0% (p = 0.006)). On multivariate regression modelling, Insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with increased 30-day complications. Being a non-smoker was associated with reduced complication rates. When compared to SG as a reference category, RYGB, but not OAGB, was associated with an increased rate of 30-day complications. A total of 702 pairs of SG and OAGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 7.3% (n = 51) as compared to 7.5% (n = 53) in the OAGB group (p = 0.68). Similarly, 2085 pairs of SG and RYGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 6.1% (n = 127) as compared to 7.9% (n = 166) in the RYGB group (p = 0.09). And, 702 pairs of OAGB and RYGB were matched. The complication rate in both groups was the same at 7.5 % (n = 53; p = 0.07). Conclusions: This global study found no significant difference in the 30-day morbidity and mortality of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts

30-Day morbidity and mortality of bariatric metabolic surgery in adolescence during the COVID-19 pandemic – The GENEVA study

Background: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is an effective treatment for adolescents with severe obesity. Objectives: This study examined the safety of MBS in adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: This was a global, multicentre and observational cohort study of MBS performed between May 01, 2020, and October 10,2020, in 68 centres from 24 countries. Data collection included in-hospital and 30-day COVID-19 and surgery-specific morbidity/mortality. Results: One hundred and seventy adolescent patients (mean age: 17.75 ± 1.30 years), mostly females (n = 122, 71.8%), underwent MBS during the study period. The mean pre-operative weight and body mass index were 122.16 ± 15.92 kg and 43.7 ± 7.11 kg/m2, respectively. Although majority of patients had pre-operative testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n = 146; 85.9%), only 42.4% (n = 72) of the patients were asked to self-isolate pre-operatively. Two patients developed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection post-operatively (1.2%). The overall complication rate was 5.3% (n = 9). There was no mortality in this cohort. Conclusions: MBS in adolescents with obesity is safe during the COVID-19 pandemic when performed within the context of local precautionary procedures (such as pre-operative testing). The 30-day morbidity rates were similar to those reported pre-pandemic. These data will help facilitate the safe re-introduction of MBS services for this group of patients

Mobilization and transport of aluminium, zinc,copper, and lead in acidified podzolic soils.

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań procesów chemicznych i fizykochemicznych warunkujących uwalnianie oraz przemieszczanie się glinu, cynku, miedzi i ołowiu w glebach bielicoziemnych. Stwierdzono, że głównym czynnikiem powodującym uwalnianie glinu, cynku, miedzi i ołowiu jest stały dopływ do gleby substancji zakwaszających (mokra i sucha depozycja, nawozy mineralne) jak również substancje organiczne, a zwłaszcza między cząsteczkowe kwasy organiczne. Uwalnianie i migracja cynku, miedzi i ołowiu przez profil glebowy zależy w dużym stopniu od obecności różnych form glinu włączając formy koloidalne i cząstki w formie zawiesin.Studies of chemical and physicochemical processes of aluminium, zinc, cooper, and lead mobilization and their transport in profiles of podzolic soils are presented. It was found that the main parameters influencing aluminium, zinc, cooper, and lead mobilization is a constant supply of acidifying substances (wet and dry deposition, fertilizers)as well as a formation of organic substances (mainly low-molecularorganic acids).Both mobilization and transport of Zn, Cu, Pb through soil profile depend on concentration of various forms of Al including its colloidal species and suspended particles

Effluent of municipal sewages irrigation of industrial cultivation on the level of biogens concentration in the soil and drainage waters

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań poligonowych nad usuwaniem substancji biogennych ze ścieków w procesie nawadniania upraw przemysłowych. Ściekami oczyszczonymi z oczyszczalni „Hąjdów" w Lublinie nawadniano uprawy roślin: topola, wiklina, konopie, kukurydza, rzepak i dwie mieszanki traw. Obszar badawczy podzielono na 7 bloków, a każdy blok na 3 kwatery (kontrolną, nawadnianą optymalną dawką ścieków dla danej rośliny i podwójną dawką optymalną). Stwierdzono, że stopień redukcji stężenia P-PO4 we wszystkich przypadkach przekracza 80%, Nawadnianie powoduje wzrost stężenia N-NH4 w wodach drenarskich z 0,2-0,6 g/m2 do poziomu 0,6-1,5 g/m3. Stężenie N-N03 w wodach drenarskich w okresie nawadniania nie przekraczało na kwaterach z konopiami 10 gNN03/m3 przy obu dawkach polewowych, a z wikliną, rzepakiem i kukurydzą 14,2 gNNO3/m3. Najlepsze efekty redukcji stężeń substancji biogennych stwierdzono na kwaterach z konopiami, kukurydzą i rzepakiem. Słowa kluczowe: biogeny, nawadnianie, oczyszczalnia hydrobotaniczna.Results of the research on biogens removal from sewages by irrigation of industrial plants cultivation are presented in the paper. Treated effluents from sewage treatment plant "Hajdów" in Lublin were used for irrigation of poplar, willow, hemp, corn, rape and two blends of grasses. The experimental field was divided into 7 blocks and every block into 3 subblocks (control one, irrigated by optimal dose of sewages, and irrigated by the double of optimal dose). In all studied cases the degree of P-PO4 reduction was found to be over 80%. Irrigation caused the increase of N-NH4 concentration in drainage water from 0.2 - 0,6 g/m3 to 0.6 - 1,5 g/m3 The concentration of N-NO3 in drainage waters during irrigation period did not exceed 10 g/m3 on the block with hemp cultivation for both dosages, and 14.2 g/m3 on the block with willow, rape and com cultivation. The highest biogens reduction effects were found on the block with hemp, rape and corn cultivation

Remains of rhinoceros (Stephanorhinus sp.) and fallowdeer (Dama dama) discovered in Eemian lake sediments in the Gorzów Plain (NW Poland).

Erthwork during rebuilding of the S3 route in Gorzów Wielkopolski exposed sediments of a palaeolake. The thickness of the sediment complex reaches 11 m. Two gyttja layers are separated by peats and fluvial sands and muds. The sequence reflects a multiphase development of the lake. Lacustrine sediments overlie Odranian (Saalian) (MOIS 6) glaciofluvial deposits and are covered by Vistulian glacial sediments (MOIS 2). At present, the stratigraphic position of the palaeolake is dated to the Eemian (MOIS 5e), with a probable continuation of the deposition into the early Vistulian (MOIS 5d-4). Rhinoceros bones (more than 100 pieces), including a skull with 24 well-preserved teeth, were discovered in the lower part of the palaeolake sediments. The preliminary expertise report, based mainly on the teeth analysis, allows assigning the rhinoceros remains into the genus Stephanorhinus. The finding of so many pieces of the skeleton of Stephanorhinus sp. in situ is unique on the scale of European scale. Apart from the rhinoceros remains, a single metacarpal bone of fallow deer (Dama dama) was found in the site. This is the first record of extant fallow deer in the Pleistocene of Poland. The palaeolake sediments were sampled and multidisciplinary research is planned to reconstruct the history of the development of this basin. The relationship between the rhinoceros andfallow deer remains with the palaeoenvironment will make it possible to ascertain the conditions in which those animals lived at higher latitudes during the Eemian Interglacial