ソウダン キカン ジッシュウ ノ マナビ ノ コウゾウ : シエン ノ コウゾウテキ リカイ プロセス ニ チャクモク シタ ジッシュウ ニッシ ノ シツテキ ブンセキ

This paper aims to evaluate student learning in social welfare practicums usinga qualitative research method. The principle data was gathered from practicum diarieskept by students who had complete their required social welfare practicum in order tobecome licensed social workers in their third year, during their 10-12 day advancedpracticum at clinics in their senior year. In this paper, the category of "understandingsupport structures," which was dealt with in my preceding paper, is primarily evaluated.In addition, the subcategories of "clarifying professional roles," "change in values,"and the level of interaction between the students and their instructors at theirrespective clinics was also analyzed.The results demonstrated that students were found to acquire a betterunderstanding of the professionalism of social work by participating in certainprograms distinctive to the clinics. These programs included especially those for clientsupport, such as meeting with other professionals within oneʼs own clinic or workingin cooperation with outsiders. The students could understand both the situation inwhich a client in question was placed and the background of the clientʼs problems.At the same time, the students became aware of their own values. Gradually theybecame able to respect the wishes and thoughts of both the clients and their families

Pharmacokinetics of Serelaxin in Patients with Severe Renal Impairment or End-Stage Renal Disease Requiring Hemodialysis: A Single-dose, Open-label, Parallel-group Study

Serelaxin, a recombinant human relaxin-2, is currently in clinical development for treating acute heart failure. This open-label parallel-group study investigated serelaxin pharmacokinetics (PK) after a single 4-h intravenous infusion (10μg/kg) in patients with severe renal impairment (n=6) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis (with PK on the day of dialysis [n=6] or during dialysis-free interval [n=6]) compared with healthy subjects (n=18). In all participants, serum serelaxin concentration peaked at the end of infusion and subsequently declined with a mean terminal elimination half-life of 6.5–8.8h. Compared to healthy subjects, a moderate decrease in serelaxin systemic clearance (37%–52%) and increase in its exposure (30%–115%) were observed in all patients. During the 4-h hemodialysis in ESRD patients, serelaxin was partially removed (30%) from blood with dialysis clearance constituting approximately 52% of total systemic clearance. Anti-serelaxin antibodies were not detected in any participant, and serelaxin was well tolerated with no deaths, serious adverse events (AE), or AE-related discontinuations. The observed serelaxin PK differences in patients with severe renal impairment compared with matched healthy subjects are unlikely to pose a safety risk and do not warrant a predefined dosage adjustment in such patients

The Effect of LCZ696 on Amyloid-β Concentrations in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Healthy Subjects

ABSTRACT (Word limit=150; word count=149) LCZ696 (angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor) is a novel drug developed for the treatment of heart failure with systolic dysfunction. Neprilysin is one of multiple enzymes that degrade amyloid-β (Aβ); its inhibition may increase Aβ levels. Randomized healthy male subjects received once-daily LCZ696 (400mg; N=21) or placebo (N=22) for 14 days. LCZ696 had no significant effect on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the aggregable Aβ species Aβ 1–42 or Aβ 1–40 compared with placebo, whereas a 42% increase in CSF AUEC0–36h of soluble Aβ 1–38 was observed. CSF levels of LBQ657 (the LCZ696 metabolite that inhibits neprilysin) and CSF Aβ 1–42, 1–40, and 1–38 were not related (R-square values: 0.022, 0.010, and 0.008, respectively). In conclusion, LCZ696 did not cause changes in CSF levels of aggregable Aβ isoforms (1–42 and 1–40). The clinical relevance of the increase in soluble CSF Aβ 1–38 is unknown