Letter from W[illiam] H. Trout to John Muir, 1913 Jul 11.

322 - 24th Ave Milwaukee July 11th 1913John Muir Martinez CaliforniaDear Friend JohnI received your much prized book over a week ago, and in the course of two days read it all through. A good sized party of us went out to Beaver Lake in Waukesha Co to spend the fourth and a few days more in camp. I took your book along for others to read, but it was not opened, there was tent preparations, cooking, fishing, or prowling around the country, anything besides reading, except to look into the daily paper which goes everywhere in Wisconsin now. After leaving the city and the reading of your book I saw the whole country thru John Muirs eyes or at least I had you with me enjoying the varied scenes. You see my son-in-law Davis is the leading man in the conduct of an Automobile Truck Co, so he had one of his large [Merchantile?] trucks fitted up with seats, on which we took 21 people, 6 being children. Had plenty of room besides for our tent and baggage. At our destination when all was unloaded special hammocks were swung across our 7 ft. wide truck and a good number slept in it having light hammocks above to put ones clothes on, the same as upper berths in a sleeping car. Fine netting around around it kept out the mosquitos, and the heavy oil cloth curtains belonging to the truck would keep out the rain. We rented a small cottage, with gasoline stove, table chairs and some dishes, so we had a fine time. Our truck was set to a governed speed of 12 miles per hour, which except on heavy inclines was maintained. I sat on the front seat with son-in-law, the driver, the boss of the party where I had an unobstructed view of the country, which never looked so fine before. There has been abundance of rain, and lately warm weather, resulting in extrordinary growth, the streams flowing, fat sleek cattle and horses in the fields, and the trees in their heaviest richest foliage. I never saw greater luxuriance anywhere.05490 I tho\u27t were you here now, you would not recognize old Wisconsin except by its natural features, which you know so well. The fine buildings are modern, and the nice clean villages have lately been greatly improved. Beautifully shaded well oiled dustless streets, and other evidences of good esthetic taste, and civic ambition, as well as financial prosperity, such things as our old timers had no idea of.I undertook to swim in the lake, and did it too, but the effort was so much behind my old swimming memories, that it hardly deserved to be called swimming. I could swim on my back with some degree of comfort, but face swimming taxed my strength too hard. The water was too shallow anyway. I did better in a moderate surf in Galveston two years ago. Both instances revealed the small extent of my strength.Lucretia, the daughter that was with me at the Coast 7 years ago, is now with her husband at the Yellowstone park; from there they go to a small ranch he has bought on the Columbia river, where he proposes to go when family increases and he gets tired of his [tailoring?] business. From there they go to Portland, Seattle, Vancouver, and via C P. R and Winnipeg, home.Mrs. Davis here and her three children are sufficient nature lovers to get up by daylight this spring, and go to our fine near by 200 acre park, to note the incoming of the birds. She identified 127 varieties. The children would go to bed early so as to get up with her, and of course enjoyed their ante breakfast lesson. If all goes well I shall put in six weeks in old Canada this summer, visiting old relatives, and gathering some more family items for my history. You write for the great general public I for my limited family connections. It will be some time before it is out; Then I will send you one. I am not half such a worker as you are, particularly in that line.Hoping all goes well with you and your family, and with thanks for the book I remain as ever your grateful friendW H. Trout0549

Letter from W[illiam] H. Trout to [Louie Strentzel Muir], 1896 Aug 17.

548 Madison St Milwaukee Wis Aug 17th 1896Mrs John MuirDear MadamI take the liberty of addressing this letter to you, in order to obtain your account P.O. adress. I promised Mr Muir a large family photo, but neglected to get his addresss: often though of it, but hated to interrupt the precious conversation by asking. I considered that I had it in some old letters, but these if I now have them, seem hard to find. So I am presuming on the good nature of the P.O men, to find you, without your direct address; which then you will kindly furnish me.I presume Mr Muir is now engaged with that forestry commission he told me about when here: roaming the mountains, along the northern part of your coast, enjoying his earthly heaven, I could enjoy it with him, and enjoy his narration of these things immensely. My neccessities however lead me in a different line, but fortunately one that accords with my nature.In communicating to Mr Muir, please give him my kindest regards.Respectfully yoursW. H. Trout0214

Letter from W. H. Trout to John Muir, 1887 Apr 14.

552 Greenbush St Milwaukee Wis. April 14th 1887John Muir Esq Marinez Contra Costo to CaliforniaDear Friend JohnThrough Mr. Sanderson of Detroit and Mrs. George Lindsay of this city I have been cheered by hearing quite directly from you. I heard first, that you wished me to write you, and afterwards, that you were going to write me; but since I am not receiving anything I shall take the initiative.Let me first thank you for that kindest sort of a kind remembrance that propos4es a plan to help me and enables me to help myself and for the present I will waive a vast number of other matters that might be talked about and will discuss this businessIf I recollect aright, you wished me to go to your country, and with your help, design and build, or get built, machinery and a shop or mill, for the manufacture of fruit boxes. You furnishing the capital and to turn the thing over me on terms advantageous to both and I to run the business. This is briefly as I understood Mr. Sandersons statement such an offer or anything near it, I regard as an extraordinary opportunity. The great question with me is to avail myself of it. I suppose the business is there now waiting someone to take it up in good shape and the probability is if we do not some others will, and if a firm with large means get hold of it they will supply the demand and work themselves into a monopoly of the whole. I do not say that we would not if we could; but I think it may be in such shape that a moderate outlay in good time might be able to hold a respectable share of business against all comers; so that it might be necessary to begin right off. In that case I might have a hard job to get at it. I should like to have time to shape things for so big a journey with such a family as I haveLast Feb 15th was the completion of my 53d year: I am not regarded by any means old for that age but the work I am engaged in in many respects unsuitable for ago. Drawing taxes the sight heavily and requires that smooth motion of the muscles that is more the pecularity of young life. The slow but steady change in my sight warns me that I may be obliged to lay by from drawing when I might yet be quite serviceable in some other way if I would be only nicely started in it: but to change near the end of one\u27s term is not desirable. So I have been for some time on the look out for something of this sort.01261 Again I have two boys the eldest 13. The younger nearly 10 years hearty fellows that will soon spoil for work of active employmentThere are 4 girls the eldest nearly 12 and the youngest over 3 years. now something like this would be immense for the boys and if opportunites for education are good might be also better for the girls [The?] regard to California it will surely be a wonderful country if it has not some drawbacks but at any rate judging from the southewestern movement the good points must far exceed the bad or people are led to think so at leastThe prices of land is going skyward but that is qutie a national course for the way it is the climate they are selling but I suppose a poor fellow can get considerable climate from even a small piece of ground which will be lucky for me The biggest joke for me will be for me to get there. My better half thinks she already far enough from her base and 2000 miles to the south west is not to be entertained. We have a little congregation of Disciples here it was started about 2 1/2 years ago and til lately has been fighting for life: Now it is just beginning to show that it is one of the powers for good and you know me well enough to judge where I would be in it Not the most prominent nor by any means the least active The piece of them o=who have heard of your proposition say Oh you wont go away and leave us now You must stay for a good while yet Well I would like to go you may be sure but their very fears indicate the probably courseI have said about enough You have an idea how I feel about the whole business. A little nearer nature would please me very much I spent 3 weeks in Oct 1993 on the prarires of Manitoba after a nearly 3 months term of mill building at Winnepeg It was about as enjoyable a time as I most ever sepnt the extra physical vigor it gave was surprising I was then for a while the proud owner of a half section of land.I saw Dan Dr. Muir I mean he was up to Portage and before returning sent word he would call on me I was obliged just at that time to Chicago on some little buseinss for our firm so he accompanied me as far as Racine It gave us only a short chat but we did our best for the timeYou will of course write as soon as convenient giving me a pretty full idea of the business undertaking and the general condition of things Facts and figures pro and con are the main stay in business and mechanics as well You know all this better than I do I alone will be responsible for the course I take I wont say John Muir advised meI suppose your place is in the southern part where rain is scanty and a scientific system of irrigation is resorted to you tap the mountain that taop the clouds and get rain without thunderstorms or Hurricanes I dont understand where you timber is to come from in such a country as that but the letter will explain All of our folks are well except James & Alexander and a daugher of Charlie Jay\u27s all these are badly effected with Brights disease Joe Whitelaw Maggie\u27s husband died this winter Mary died nearly 4 years ago Charlie is again married I am placing the address on this letter from memory hope it will reach you all right Yours EtcW. H. Trou

Letter from W[illiam] H. Trout to [John Muir], [1876 Aug].

[Aug. 1876] Page 5I do not know how to thank you enough for your splendid photo we know how to appreciate it you may depend I send you a poor return the eyes have a dazed expression I meant not to have sent it but to sit again However an accident in a small way has happened me Friday last while putting up an iron store front here; a joist fell taking me heavily on the eyebrow and nose, bruised and peeled both somewhat, but inflicted no severe injury. Strangers might think to see me, that I was the victim of a big row. My count[illegible]ance is certainly not such as I wish to photograph and send to my friends. This also accounts for your getting this letter to day as I am not fit to be seen in meeting. The other card represents our family as it was 3 ½ years ago; about a year and quarter before the decease of the same two children. Our present family is much the same except that the sexes are reversed as we have a little daughter now eleven months old since last writing you You must readily admit that I have the advantage of you in [in margin: 00741][Page 2]the study of one of the physical sciences that is the growth and develovement of the human speices. My knowledge is as utilitarians would say of an [in margin: 631] eminently practical kind. I think your curriculum will be sadly deficient without this branch. I find it wonderfully interesting it engages the affections as well as the understanding, promotes patience by giving it frequent exercise also self control and a number of other virtues. On the whole it is a very healthy study and I would advise you to take it up as it ought to be in course with you by this time I am doing my best to get off to the Centenial the latter part of the coming month Mrs [T?] will go to Meaford at the same time I suppose your interest in the arts will hardly bring you so far but it would be like coming home for you I should greatly like to meet you there I shall be there the first and second weeks of September at least Well good bye for this time you will hear from us again this winter Mrs [T?] joins with me in kindest love Yours [illegible] W.H. Trou

Letter from W. H. Trout to John Muir, 1878 Feb 14.

[4] I am not certain that I mentioned anything about father’s death in my previous notes It occurred on Dec 2d 1878 his illness lasted near three months his death was not untimely or unexpected his labor was done and he was awaiting the rest that remaineth for the people of God I send you a pamphlet with a notice about a month since one of my aunts died 3 day after fathers death Mrs Trouts brother died and two weeks ago we attended her father’s funeral Altogether makes up quite a record of family mortality in quite a short time If this letter is more than usually reflective the reason is obvious Since fathers death I have been receiving good letters from absent sisters hinting very plainly that I ought to come to the front and occupy the breach where once stood the fallen in the army of Christ the one who best could have filled it has fallen earlier in the fight that is John whom we all miss much more than father Edward only partially fills his place fathers is still vacant and may remain so but believe each of us will according to his own ability and his own way [deleted: will] work for the cause of the Redeemer and the good of humanity [in margin: 422] Well John I have written quite lengthy but am not much nearer the end than when I began so I may as well stop for this time Hoping to hear from you soon I remain as ever your friend W. H. Trout[in margin: Our shop is on ¾ time again this winter all over our country there seems to be two machines to do the work of one]00775 [1] Peterboro Feb 14th 1878Dear Friend John You will find enclosed Draft for $92.00 my half your account Charles wrote me about a week ago that he had been trying to make up his for some time past but had not succeeded and did not see any very imediate prospect at doing it: advised me to send on which I am now at length doing Dating this letter suggests to my mind the fact this is the last day of my 44th year tomorrow being my 45th birthday also that it is 12 years the latter part of[Page 2][2]since we had the last of your personal acquaintance which you may depend has been appreciated none the less for the lapse of time some of the liveliest and brightest spots in life’s memory are the scenes of that old Hollow and the recollections connected with yourself and Dan The time seems to have sped swiftly I have not much to mark its passage or does it seem to have to left its impress heavely on me An occasional grey shining in my beard a [few?] crow feet near the angles of the eyes and a form slightly more stooped from application to work are the only visible changes since you last saw me The changes with you are I think even less[in margin: Hattie has had another daughter lately in all she had 8 sons and two daughters she is a brick] [3]When shall we ever see each other to correct our observations as you scientific men would say and compare notes of life’s journey There is no thoroughly absent friend or relative that I would rather wish to see However the chances I think are small there is not much I suppose to bring you back to Old lanada and there is no great probability of my seeing your country but I may be rather fast you are not a Californian strictly and solely you are a citizen of the world a cosmopolite the broad domain of scince is your estate but you can’t occupy it when it would lead you out among the stars you must stay on Terra Firma So in your perambulations may by Canada and old friends [underlined: will] come in for a tur

SNAPSHOT USA 2019 : a coordinated national camera trap survey of the United States

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.With the accelerating pace of global change, it is imperative that we obtain rapid inventories of the status and distribution of wildlife for ecological inferences and conservation planning. To address this challenge, we launched the SNAPSHOT USA project, a collaborative survey of terrestrial wildlife populations using camera traps across the United States. For our first annual survey, we compiled data across all 50 states during a 14-week period (17 August - 24 November of 2019). We sampled wildlife at 1509 camera trap sites from 110 camera trap arrays covering 12 different ecoregions across four development zones. This effort resulted in 166,036 unique detections of 83 species of mammals and 17 species of birds. All images were processed through the Smithsonian's eMammal camera trap data repository and included an expert review phase to ensure taxonomic accuracy of data, resulting in each picture being reviewed at least twice. The results represent a timely and standardized camera trap survey of the USA. All of the 2019 survey data are made available herein. We are currently repeating surveys in fall 2020, opening up the opportunity to other institutions and cooperators to expand coverage of all the urban-wild gradients and ecophysiographic regions of the country. Future data will be available as the database is updated at eMammal.si.edu/snapshot-usa, as well as future data paper submissions. These data will be useful for local and macroecological research including the examination of community assembly, effects of environmental and anthropogenic landscape variables, effects of fragmentation and extinction debt dynamics, as well as species-specific population dynamics and conservation action plans. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this paper when using the data for publication.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Timing of surgery following SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international prospective cohort study.

Peri-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection increases postoperative mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal duration of planned delay before surgery in patients who have had SARS-CoV-2 infection. This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study included patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery during October 2020. Surgical patients with pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with those without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted 30-day mortality rates stratified by time from diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection to surgery. Among 140,231 patients (116 countries), 3127 patients (2.2%) had a pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Adjusted 30-day mortality in patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.5% (95%CI 1.4-1.5). In patients with a pre-operative SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, mortality was increased in patients having surgery within 0-2 weeks, 3-4 weeks and 5-6 weeks of the diagnosis (odds ratio (95%CI) 4.1 (3.3-4.8), 3.9 (2.6-5.1) and 3.6 (2.0-5.2), respectively). Surgery performed ≥ 7 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis was associated with a similar mortality risk to baseline (odds ratio (95%CI) 1.5 (0.9-2.1)). After a ≥ 7 week delay in undertaking surgery following SARS-CoV-2 infection, patients with ongoing symptoms had a higher mortality than patients whose symptoms had resolved or who had been asymptomatic (6.0% (95%CI 3.2-8.7) vs. 2.4% (95%CI 1.4-3.4) vs. 1.3% (95%CI 0.6-2.0), respectively). Where possible, surgery should be delayed for at least 7 weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with ongoing symptoms ≥ 7 weeks from diagnosis may benefit from further delay

Letter from W[illiam] H. Trout to [John Muir], [1876 Aug].

[Aug. 1876] Page 5I do not know how to thank you enough for your splendid photo we know how to appreciate it you may depend I send you a poor return the eyes have a dazed expression I meant not to have sent it but to sit again However an accident in a small way has happened me Friday last while putting up an iron store front here; a joist fell taking me heavily on the eyebrow and nose, bruised and peeled both somewhat, but inflicted no severe injury. Strangers might think to see me, that I was the victim of a big row. My count[illegible]ance is certainly not such as I wish to photograph and send to my friends. This also accounts for your getting this letter to day as I am not fit to be seen in meeting. The other card represents our family as it was 3 ½ years ago; about a year and quarter before the decease of the same two children. Our present family is much the same except that the sexes are reversed as we have a little daughter now eleven months old since last writing you You must readily admit that I have the advantage of you in [in margin: 00741][Page 2]the study of one of the physical sciences that is the growth and develovement of the human speices. My knowledge is as utilitarians would say of an [in margin: 631] eminently practical kind. I think your curriculum will be sadly deficient without this branch. I find it wonderfully interesting it engages the affections as well as the understanding, promotes patience by giving it frequent exercise also self control and a number of other virtues. On the whole it is a very healthy study and I would advise you to take it up as it ought to be in course with you by this time I am doing my best to get off to the Centenial the latter part of the coming month Mrs [T?] will go to Meaford at the same time I suppose your interest in the arts will hardly bring you so far but it would be like coming home for you I should greatly like to meet you there I shall be there the first and second weeks of September at least Well good bye for this time you will hear from us again this winter Mrs [T?] joins with me in kindest love Yours [illegible] W.H. Trou