57 research outputs found

    Accelerated surgery versus standard care in hip fracture (HIP ATTACK): an international, randomised, controlled trial

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    Mise en place d'une procédure de prise en charge des fractures du radius distal de type Pouteau-Colles

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    Objectif : Mise en place et évaluation d’une procédure de prise en charge des fractures de Pouteau-Colles dans un service d’urgences. Matériels et méthodes : Nous avons préalablement réalisé une procédure écrite et audiovisuelle fondée sur la littérature internationale. Cette procédure, réalisée avec nos collègues orthopédistes, aborde les pièges cliniques, l’interprétation des critères radiographiques de déplacement, les critères de choix entre un traitement conservateur et chirurgical, les indications et la technique de réduction, l’analgosédation et l’immobilisation. Nous avons analysé rétrospectivement le suivi de cette procédure. Résultats : Les dossiers de 106 patients présentant une fracture de Pouteau-Colles ont été revus parmi 174 fractures du radius distal. Soixante-et-une parmi ces 106 fractures (58 %) ont été décrites comme fractures déplacées et ont été immédiatement opérées (n = 32), réduites par les médecins des urgences (n = 20) ou plâtrées sans réduction (n = 9). Deux procédures de réduction sur vingt ont été considérées comme insuffisantes. La réalisation d’une sédation en vue de la réduction n’est mentionnée que chez dix des vingt patients. Conclusion : La mise en place d’une procédure est le premier pas pour améliorer l’autonomie et la qualité de la prise en charge des fractures de Pouteau-Colles par les médecins urgentistes. Leur formation doit se poursuivre en s’aidant de technologies audiovisuelles et de formations pratiques

    Les lésions de la syndesmose tibio-fibulaire distale

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    Les lésions de la syndesmose tibio-fibulaire distal

    L'hallux valgus : que dire au patient en première ligne ?

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    L’hallux valgus est la pathologie de l’avant-pied la plus fréquente. Son étiologie reste imprécise, mais est influencée par la génétique. Cette pathologie peut être une source d’inconvénients invalidants, voire handicapants. Il existe plusieurs tableaux de présentation, dont la sévérité clinique et radiologique déterminera la prise en charge. Le niveau de preuve concernant la prise en charge en première intention reste peu fourni. Cet article tend à explorer les pistes ainsi que les limites du traitement conservateur et tentera de fournir les réponses aux questions les plus fréquemment posées par les patients. Il est possible de soulager les douleurs des patients présentant un hallux valgus léger ou modéré, ou un hallux valgus sévère en l’absence de prise en charge chirurgicale. Il n’est pas encore certain que le traitement conservateur puisse effectivement ralentir la progression de la maladie, toutefois des études futures pourraient venir explorer cette possibilité. Le traitement conservateur repose sur l’adaptation du chaussage, le port de semelles ou d’orthèses, la kinésithérapie, les antalgiques de pallier I, ainsi que des adaptations hygiéno-diététiques. En cas de non réponse au traitement conservateur en présence d’une déformation significative, un traitement chirurgical peut être proposé. Celui-ci donne un taux de satisfaction d’approximativement 80%

    Risk of virus transmission through femoral head allografts: A Belgian appraisal

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    Background: To evaluate the incidence and the risk of transmitting a virus through a bone allograft from a living donor. Material and methods: A total 7032 femoral heads have been collected from 24 Belgian institutions. The tissue along with the screening blood tests were systematically sent to the bank. Serological screening included: for HIV, a HIV1-2 antibody test; for HBV, a HBS antigen and HBS and Hbcore antibodies; for HCV, a HCV antibody test. Syphilis was also screened with a non-specific and a specific assays. HTLV1-2 screening was recommended but not obligatory. Results: From the 7032 femoral heads, 1066 (15.2%) implants were definitively excluded. Hundred forty-six femoral heads, representing 2.1% of all grafts and 13.9% of the excluded ones, were discarded for positive serological testing associated with a risk of disease transmission. There were 2 donors who tested positive for HTLV1-2. The prevalence of HIV in the femoral head donor population was six times lower than in the general one. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C was similar but far higher than HIV. The risk was computed to be 0.54 out of 1 × 105 for HIV and HCV without quarantine or tissue processing. For HBV, the risk was 0.77 out of 1 × 105. Conclusion: Current standards of tissue banking incorporated safety and quality as their main features. This policy is now regulated at the European level. With a multi-step screening-policy, stringent donor selection guidelines, the risk of viral transmission trough a tissue is minimized. © 2013 Delhi Orthopaedic Associatio

    Lemierre Syndrome of the Femoral Vein, Related to Fusobacterium necrophorum Abscess of Vastus Lateralis

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    BACKGROUND: Lemierre syndrome is an uncommon, potentially lethal disorder combining acute oropharyngeal infection caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum, with jugular vein suppurative thrombosis, complicated by anaerobic sepsis with secondary multiple metastatic abscesses. Optimal treatment outcome with reduced or absence of sequelae can be achieved with early diagnosis. CASE REPORT: We present a clinical case of Fusobacterium necrophorum abscess complicated with femoral vein thrombosis, called atypical localization of Lemierre syndrome. This uncommon disease was diagnosed on the basis of clinical, biological, and imaging tests, with a favorable outcome, after a well-orientated antibiotic and surgical course of therapy. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Since its first description in 1936, Lemierre syndrome has been reported in locations other than its initial oropharyngeal site. Because optimal treatment outcome is dependent on early diagnosis, it is imperative for emergency physicians to be aware of this uncommon disease, because in many instances they are the patient's initial point of contact with medical care

    Traumatic injuries of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis.

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    AIM : The distal tibiofibular syndesmosis (DTFS) is frequently injured during ankle trauma. The sequelae can be significant, including chronic instability, early osteoarthritis and residual pain. The aim of this study is to summarize the current state knowledge about these injuries by answering four questions. HOW COMMON ARE SYNDESMOSIS INJURIES?: They frequently occur in the context of an ankle sprain (20-40% of cases) or during various types of ankle fractures (20-100% of cases). They cannot be ruled out based solely on fracture type and must be investigated when a fibular or posterior malleolar fracture is present. HOW ARE THEY DIAGNOSED?: Clinical examination and imaging are essential but do not provide a definitive diagnosis. Ultrasonography, CT scan and MRI have high sensitivity, but their static nature does not allow a treatment strategy to be defined. Dynamic radiographs must be taken, either with load or during a procedure. If instability is detected, stabilization is the general rule. HOW IS THE SYNDESMOSIS REDUCED AND STABILIZED?: In fracture cases, reduction is achieved by restoring the length and rotation of the distal fibular fragment, preferably during an open procedure. In sprain cases, reduction is not a problem unless there is ligament interposition. Tibiofibular fixation is done 1.5 to 3cm from the talocrural joint, while ensuring the reduction is perfect. WHAT OUTCOMES CAN BE EXPECTED?: The main complication-non-healing of the syndesmosis-is attributed to poor initial reduction. This or functional discomfort during weight bearing will require removal of the fixation hardware. In most cases, this allows functional recovery and correction of the inadequate reduction. Persistence of instability will require ligament reconstruction or fusion of the syndesmosis. Chronic instability can lead to ankle osteoarthritis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE : V, expert opinion
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