Educational Interpreting as a specialized type of Public Service Interpreting

The article examines characteristic features of educational interpreting as a specific field of professional activity within the framework of Public Service Interpreting. The article also considers criteria of effectiveness of interpreting in educational settings

Legal Aspects of Medical Interpreting and its Specific Features within PSI domain

The article examines characteristic features of medical interpreting as a specific field of professional activity within the framework of Public Service Interpreting as well as legal implications PSI provision. The article also considers specificity of interpreter-assisted doctor-patient communication, criteria of its effectiveness as well as the impact of institutional context on communicative goals and social identities of the participants

TECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCING REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS OF CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTIONAL AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR STRAIN-STRESS STATE AT TRANSVERSE-LONGITUDINAL BENDING

The paper presents a method of producing Circular Cross-Section Columns (CCSC), which can provide sufficiently precise dimensions, with longitudinal reinforcement securely fixed in special plugs. An investigation procedure for determining the capacity of CCSC at all the stages of their loading with eccentric pre-stressing has been presented. Based on the conducted experimental work, load carrying and deformation parameters of the strain-stress state of reinforced concrete CCSC have been obtained. The investigation results make it possible to define calculation prerequisites and fracture criteria of the deformation method of calculating compressed-bent elements of CCSC at transverse bending and reinforcement deformation below the yield point

Pertussis immunity in pregnant women and factors associated with seronegative status

Despite high level of vaccination coverage, pertussis remains a serious problem of modern medicine. Pertussis cases are registered among infants, adolescents, and adults. Infants younger than three months of age have the highest rate of serious clinical pertussis course. Transplacental transfer of pertussis-specific antibodies induce protection against infection. The available data regarding anti-pertussis antibody level in pregnant women in Russia remain sparce. To evaluate the humoral immunity to Bordetella pertussis in pregnant women and factors associated with seronegative status, we performed a cross-sectional study with 388 participants. SeroPertussis IgG (Israel) ELISA kit was used to quantitate antibodies against pertussis toxin/hemagglutinin. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with seronegative status. The median age of the subjects was 30 years old, more than half of which (51.3%) provided no verified pertussis vaccination data so that their children will not receive transplacental anti-infectious immunity. Gestational age was significantly associated with seronegative status. Compared to women tested during the first trimester, participants in the third trimester of pregnancy were more likely to be seronegative against pertussis. The odds of being susceptible rose with increased gestational period (p < 0.01 for linear trend). Age, number of pregnancies and vaccination status revealed no impact on significant differences between seropositive and seronegative subjects. Pertussis booster vaccinations for preschool children, adolescents and healthcare workers dealing with pregnant women and neonates as well as cocoon vaccination strategy and vaccination during pregnancy were necessary to be implemented to protect infants against pertussis

Особенности культивирования высших базидиальных грибов Trametes zonatus на жидких средах

Проблематика. Базидіальні гриби T. zonatus є продуцентами окиснювальних і целюлолітичних ферментів, а також полісахаридів з протипухлинною дією. Доцільність дослідження полягає в тому, що для створення біотехнології функціональної харчової біомаси на основі штамів із вітчизняних колекцій недостатньо вихідних даних: дані щодо умов культивування і складу середовищ, біохімічного складу біомаси T. zonatus уривчасті. Мета дослідження. Провести скринінг штамів базидіальних грибів Т. zonatus на рідких середовищах, встановити вплив складу середовища та значення вихідного рН середовища на концентрацію біомаси Т. zonatus 5302, вивчити амінокислотний склад біомаси, отриманої при глибинному культивуванні Т. zonatus 5302 на комплексному середовищі. Методика реалізації. Об’єкти дослідження – тринадцять штамів базидіальних грибів Т. zonatus ІБК. Методи глибинного і стаціонарного культивування стандартні, умови культивування підібрані для штамів. Кількість біомаси визначали ваговим методом, вміст сухих речовин у культуральній рідині – ареометричним методом. Джерело вуглецю і азоту додавали в середовище в кількості, еквімолярній відповідно 20 г/дм³ глюкози в перерахунку на вуглець і 3 г/дм³ NaNO₃ в перерахунку на азот. Амінокислотний склад білків після відповідної обробки досліджували за допомогою амінокислотного аналізатора Т-339 (“Mikrotechna”, Чехія). Результати дослідження. За результатами скринінгу виявлено штам з найкращими ростовими характеристиками T. zonatus 5302: концентрація біомаси – 4,5 г/дм³, продуктивність біосинтезу біомаси – 0,6 г/дм³⋅добу, економічний коефіцієнт росту – 47 %. Вибрано джерело вуглецю, азоту, факторів росту, вихідне значення рН середовища для середовища культивування T. zonatus 5302. Висновки. Біомаса T. zonatus 5302, отримана глибинним культивуванням на запропонованому комплексному середовищі, характеризується підвищеним вмістом тирозину і метіоніну. Показник біологічної цінності білка штаму T. zonatus 5302 становив 0,59, що близько до відповідних показників таких грибів, як Pleurotus ostreatus (0,52) і Ganoderma lucidum (0,48).Background. The basidiomycetes T. zonatus are producers and cellulose oxidative enzymes and polysaccharides with antitumor activity. The feasibility of this study is that the creation of functional food biotechnology from strains of biomass from domestic collections is not enough initial data: fragmentary data on cultivation conditions and culture medium composition, biochemical biomass of T. zonatus. Objective. The aim of the study is to conduct screening of basidiomycetes strains T. zonatus liquid culture medium to determine the effect of the culture medium and the initial pH value of the concentration of biomass T. zonatus 5302, to study the amino acid composition of biomass obtained by submerged T. zonatus 5302 on an culture medium. Methods. Objects of the research: thirteen basidiomycetes strains T. zonatus IBC. The Standard methods submerged and surface cultivation, conditions cultivation chosen for this strains. Biomass weight was determined by content of dry matter, in the culture broth — areometer method. The source of carbon and nitrogen added to the medium in an amount equimolar respectively to 20 g/dm³ glucose in terms of carbon and 3 g/dm³ NaNO₃ in terms of nitrogen. Amino acid composition of proteins after appropriate treatment was studied using amino acid analyzer T-339 (“Mikrotechna”, Czech Republic). Results. According to the results of screening the best strain found by growth characteristics T. zonatus 5302: concentration of biomass — 4.5 g/dm³ productivity biosynthesis biomass — 0.6 g/dm³⋅day, the economic growth coefficient — 47 %. For culture medium T. zonatus 5302 selected the source of carbon, nitrogen, growth factors, initial pH culture medium. Conclusions. The biomass T. zonatus 5302, got by submerged cultivation, in the proposed complex culture medium is characterized by a high content of tyrosine and methionine. Index biological value protein strain T. zonatus 5302 amounted to 0.59, which is equal to those of fungi such as Pleurotus ostreatus (0.52) and Ganoderma lucidum (0.48).Проблематика. Базидиальные грибы T. zonatus являются продуцентами окислительных и целюлолитических ферментов, а также полисахаридов с противоопухолевым действием. Целесообразность исследования заключается в том, что для создания биотехнологии функциональной пищевой биомассы на основе штаммов из отечественных коллекций недостаточно исходных данных: мало данных по условиям культивирования и составам сред, биохимическому составу биомассы T. zonatus. Цель исследования. Провести скрининг штаммов базидиальных грибов Т. zonatus на жидких средах, установить влияние состава среды и значения исходного рН среды на концентрацию биомассы Т. zonatus 5302, изучить аминокислотный состав биомассы, полученной при глубинном культивировании T. zonatus 5302 на комплексной среде. Методика реализации. Объекты исследования – тринадцать штаммов базидиальных грибов Т. zonatus ИБК. Методы глубинного и стационарного культивирования стандартные, условия культивирования подобраны для штаммов. Количество биомассы определяли весовым методом, содержание сухих веществ в культуральной жидкости – ареометрическим методом. Источник углерода и азота добавляли в среду в эквимолярном количестве, которое соответствует 20 г/дм³ глюкозы в пересчете на углерод и 3 г/дм³ NaNO₃ в пересчете на азот. Аминокислотный состав белков после соответствующей обработки исследовали с помощью аминокислотного анализатора Т-339 (“Mikrotechna”, Чехия). Результаты исследования. В результате скрининга обнаружен штамм с лучшими ростовыми характеристиками T. zonatus 5302: концентрация биомассы – 4,5 г/дм³, продуктивность биосинтеза биомассы – 0,6 г/дм³⋅сутки, экономический коэффициент роста – 47 %. Определены источник углерода, азота, факторов роста, исходное значение рН среды культивирования T. zonatus 5302. Выводы. Биомасса T. zonatus 5302, полученная при глубинном культивировании на комплексной среде предложенного состава, характеризуется повышенным содержанием тирозина и метионина. Показатель биологической ценности белка штамма T. zonatus 5302 составлял 0,59, что сопоставимо с соответствующими показателями таких грибов, как Pleurotus ostreatus (0,52) и Ganoderma lucidum (0,48)

Pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of diseases in the newborn

ДЕТСКИЕ БОЛЕЗНИДИАГНОСТИКА ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙНОВОРОЖДЕННЫЙ, БОЛЕЗНИПЕДИАТРИЯВ пособии освещены вопросы патогенеза, диагностики и лечения болезней новорожденных

Structural and Functional Organization of the Vestibular Apparatus in Rats Subjected to Weightlessness for 19.5 Days Aboard the Kosmos-782 Satellite

The vestibular apparatus was investigated in rats subjected to weightlessness for 19.5 days. The vestibular apparatus was removed and its sections were fixed in a glutaraldehyde solution for investigation by light and electron microscopes. Structural and functional charges were noted in the otolith portions of the ear, with the otolith particles clinging to the utricular receptor surface and with the peripheral arrangement of the nucleolus in the nuclei of the receptor cells. It is possible that increased edema of the vestibular tissue resulted in the destruction of some receptor cells and in changes in the form and structure of the otolith. In the horizontal crista, the capula was separated

A methylome-wide mQTL analysis reveals associations of methylation sites with GAD1 and HDAC3 SNPs and a general psychiatric risk score

Genome-wide association studies have identified a number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with psychiatric diseases. Increasing body of evidence suggests a complex connection of SNPs and the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of gene expression, which is poorly understood. In the current study, we investigated the interplay between genetic risk variants, shifts in methylation and mRNA levels in whole blood from 223 adolescents distinguished by a risk for developing psychiatric disorders. We analyzed 37 SNPs previously associated with psychiatric diseases in relation to genome-wide DNA methylation levels using linear models, with Bonferroni correction and adjusting for cell-type composition. Associations between DNA methylation, mRNA levels and psychiatric disease risk evaluated by the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA) score were identified by robust linear models, Pearson's correlations and binary regression models. We detected five SNPs (in HCRTR1, GAD1, HADC3 and FKBP5) that were associated with eight CpG sites, validating five of these SNP-CpG pairs. Three of these CpG sites, that is, cg01089319 (GAD1), cg01089249 (GAD1) and cg24137543 (DIAPH1), manifest in significant gene expression changes and overlap with active regulatory regions in chromatin states of brain tissues. Importantly, methylation levels at cg01089319 were associated with the DAWBA score in the discovery group. These results show how distinct SNPs linked with psychiatric diseases are associated with epigenetic shifts with relevance for gene expression. Our findings give a novel insight on how genetic variants may modulate risks for the development of psychiatric diseases

Potential Distribution of the Invasive Species Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera, Flatidae) and Perspectives of its Classical Biocontrol in Ukraine

The study used GIS software and climate projections to assess the distribution potential of the citrus planthopper Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) in Ukraine, taking into account global climate change. The model showed that climatic conditions in Ukraine meet the requirements of the species in the European part of its range, considering various indicators such as the sum of active temperatures, mean annual temperature and precipitation. The whole territory of Ukraine could potentially be a range for M. pruinosa due to suitable climatic conditions and the presence of host plants, with Zakarpattia, Crimea and the forest and woodland and steppe zones of Ukraine being the most favourable. Current phytosanitary measures are not sufficient to prevent its spread and a pest management system is needed to reduce the damage. The parasitoid Neodryinus typhlocybae (Ashmead, 1893) (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) from North America could serve as a classical biological control agent, and suitable areas in southern Ukraine have been identified using GIS modelling. To manage the risk effectively, it is recommended that M. pruinosa be added to the list of regulated, non-quarantined pests in Ukraine