Additional file 1: of Discrimination Between Cervical Cancer Cells and Normal Cervical Cells Based on Longitudinal Elasticity Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Morphology analysis. The topographies of both cell lines were investigated by AFM imaging to validate and enrich changes induced by cancer qualitatively

Question Oriented Software Text Retrieval

<p>Dataset-1: Question-answer pairs on “Lucene” collected from StackOverflow. As mentioned in paper [36], we first get 5,587 questions and 7,872 answers from the StackOverflow with tag “lucene”, where 1,826 questions with positive votes are kept and labeled. We use these question and their 2,460 answers for original classifier training and testing.</p> <p>Dataset-2: Question-answer pairs on “Java” collected from StackOverflow. We need more data to train the classifier models and evaluate our approach. Then we extend our data collection scope and randomly pick 50,000 questions with tag “Java” on StackOverflow. It may cost too much time if we judge the types of these question accurately and manually. We filter all the questions using regular expressions (e.g. the question includes phrases “how to” , “how can” or “what is the best way to”, etc., are labeled with “how to” tag). Finally, 11,003 questions and the corresponding 16,255 answers are selected. Table IV briefly describes these two datasets.</p> <p>Dataset-3: FAQs of seven well-known open source projects. In software development, FAQs are used by many projects as part of their documentation. Compared with the data from StackOverflow, the FAQs are more formal and accurate. We want to investigate whether our approach is valid in search- ing these questions’ answers and whether the classifiers are affected by our learning examples. Table V illustrates the 7 open source projects and the numbers of their FAQs. All of them are the top level projects (TLPs) in Apache.</p

Microprecision Delivery of Oligonucleotides in a 3D Tissue Model and Its Characterization Using Optical Imaging

Despite significant potential of oligonucleotides (ONs) for therapeutic and diagnostic applications, rapid and widespread intracellular delivery of ONs in cells situated in tissues such as skin, head and neck cavity, and eye has not been achieved. This study was aimed at evaluating the synergistic combination of microneedle (MN) arrays and biochemical approaches for localized intratissue delivery of oligonucleotides in living cells in 3D tissue models. This synergistic combination was based on the ability of MNs to precisely deliver ONs into tissues to achieve widespread distribution, and the ability of biochemical agents (streptolysin O (SLO) and cholesterol conjugation to ONs) to enhance intracellular ON delivery. The results of this study demonstrate that ON probes were uniformly coated on microneedle arrays and were efficiently released from the microneedle surface upon insertion in tissue phantoms. Co-insertion of microneedles coated with ONs and SLO into 3D tissue models resulted in delivery of ONs into both the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. Within a short incubation time (35 min), ONs were observed both laterally and along the depth of a 3D tissue up to a distance of 500 μm from the microneedle insertion point. Similar widespread intratissue distribution of ONs was achieved upon delivery of ON–cholesterol conjugates. Uniformity of ON delivery in tissues improved with longer incubation times (24 h) postinsertion. Using cholesterol-conjugated ONs, delivery of ON probes was limited to the cytoplasm of cells within a tissue. Finally, delivery of cholesterol-conjugated anti-GFP ON resulted in reduction of GFP expression in HeLa cells. In summary, the results of this study provide a novel approach for efficient intracellular delivery of ONs in tissues

Graphene@Poly(phenylboronic acid)s Microgels with Selectively Glucose-Responsive Volume Phase Transition Behavior at a Physiological pH

The selective response to glucose is possible by using a poly­(phenylboronic acid) microgel under a rational design. Such a microgel is made of graphene covalently immobilized in a microgel of poly­(4-vinylphenylboronic acid) cross-linked with <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-methylenebis­(acrylamide). Unlike the microgels reported in previous arts that would undergo volume phase transition in response to both glucose and other monosaccharides, the proposed microgels shrink upon adding glucose, whereas keep unchanged in the size upon adding other monosaccharides (with fructose, galactose, and mannose as models). Although the polysaccharides/glycoproteins (with dextran and Ribonuclease B as models) that contain many glycosyl residues can slightly absorb on the microgel surface and lead to a small impact on glucose-response, it can be addressed by further coating the microgel as a core with a thin nonglucose-responsive poly­(<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide) gel shell. This selectively glucose-responsive volume phase transition behavior enables “turn-on” photoluminescence detection of glucose in blood serum (a model for complex biosystems)

Synthesis and Characterization of Dextran–Tyramine-Based H₂O₂‑Sensitive Microgels

We report a type of polymer microgel that can undergo a rapid and highly sensitive volume change upon adding H₂O₂. Such a H₂O₂-sensitive microgel is made of dextran–tyramine and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which are interpenetrated in chemically cross-linked gel networks of poly­(oligo­(ethylene glycol) methacrylates). Unlike the H₂O₂-sensitive microgels reported in previous arts that typically involve degradation processes related to H₂O₂-induced cleavability of specific bonds, the proposed microgels can shrink upon adding H₂O₂ owing to the HRP-catalyzed coupling reaction of tyramine residues via decomposition of H₂O₂. While a fast (<10 s) and stable shrinkage of the microgels can be reached upon adding H₂O₂ over a concentration range 50.0 μM–1.0 mM, the response time can be modulated by the dispersion temperature in a nonmonotonous way over 10–38 °C. With the microgels as probes, the H₂O₂ detection limit was approximately 6.8 μM. In a combined use of the microgels with glucose oxidase for glucose detection, the glucose detection limit was approximately 83.1 μM

Image_1_Delipid extracorporeal lipoprotein filter from plasma system: a new intensive lipid lowering therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke.jpg

ObjectivesTo investigate the safety and efficacy of the delipid extracorporeal lipoprotein filter from plasma (DELP) system, a new low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) adsorption system, in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.Patients and methodsIn the present study, a total of 180 AIS patients were enrolled during March 2019 to February 2021. They were divided into DELP group (n1 = 90) and the control group (n2 = 90). The treatment protocol and vascular access of DELP treatment was established and evaluated. For the DELP group, clinical data and laboratory results including plasma lipid and safety parameters before and after the apheresis were collected and analyzed. For all participants, neurological scores were assessed and recorded.ResultsFor the DELP group, 90 patients including 70 males and 20 females were included. The mean LDL-C was significantly decreased from 3.15 ± 0.80 mmol/L to 2.18 ± 0.63 mmol/L (30.79%, p ConclusionThe new LDL-C adsorption system, the DELP system, may provide a new option for intensive lipid lowering therapy in AIS patients in view of its safety, efficacy, and operation feasibility.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Delipid extracorporeal lipoprotein filter from plasma system: a new intensive lipid lowering therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke.pdf

ObjectivesTo investigate the safety and efficacy of the delipid extracorporeal lipoprotein filter from plasma (DELP) system, a new low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) adsorption system, in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.Patients and methodsIn the present study, a total of 180 AIS patients were enrolled during March 2019 to February 2021. They were divided into DELP group (n1 = 90) and the control group (n2 = 90). The treatment protocol and vascular access of DELP treatment was established and evaluated. For the DELP group, clinical data and laboratory results including plasma lipid and safety parameters before and after the apheresis were collected and analyzed. For all participants, neurological scores were assessed and recorded.ResultsFor the DELP group, 90 patients including 70 males and 20 females were included. The mean LDL-C was significantly decreased from 3.15 ± 0.80 mmol/L to 2.18 ± 0.63 mmol/L (30.79%, p ConclusionThe new LDL-C adsorption system, the DELP system, may provide a new option for intensive lipid lowering therapy in AIS patients in view of its safety, efficacy, and operation feasibility.</p

Roles of TCTP in the shrimp immune response against WSSV infection.

<p>A) Shrimp were injected with TCTP, GFP dsRNA or NaCl. Gills from each shrimp were collected 48 h post challenge for real-time PCR to detect the specific of dsRNA. B) Shrimp were injected with TCTP, GFP dsRNA or NaCl every day for 4 days. At the second injection, WSSV (10⁴ copies/shrimp) and dsRNA were injected together. At 48 h post infection, the shrimp from each treatment were subjected to quantitative real-time PCR to quantify WSSV copies. C) WSSV VP28 transcripts were determined by real-time PCR. 1, 2, 3, 4 represent shrimps injected with NaCl, GFP dsRNA, 10 µg TCTP dsRNA and 20 µg TCTP dsRNA, respectively. The asterisk indicates the statistical significantly different (**P<0.01).</p

Expression profiles of <i>L. Vannamei</i> TCTP.

<p>A) Relative expression of TCTP in different tissues of <i>Litopeaeus vannamei</i> determined by Real-time RT-PCR. Total RNA was extracted from haemocyte, heart, intestine, muscle, hepatopancreas, and gill of healthy shrimp respectively. B) Protein level of TCTP in different organs. Protein level was analyzed by Western blot. Loading of the lanes was normalized to levels of β-actin and the experiment is representative of five independent experiments.The calculated densitometry intensities of the respective bands were present as fold of β-actin. The results are expressed as means ± S.D (n = 5).</p

Temporal expression level of TCTP in gills after WSSV infection.

<p>A) Transcripts determined by real-time RT-PCR at different time post WSSV infection. B) TCTP protein level determined by Western blot. Loading of the lanes was normalized to levels of β-actin and the experiment is representative of three independent expriments. The calculated densitometry intensities of the respective bands were present as fold of β-actin. The results are expressed as means ± S.D (n = 3). The asterisk indicates that the expression levels are significantly different (P<0.05). C) Semi-quantitative RT-PCR expression profiles for transcripts encoding β-actin and VP28 of WSSV during time-course infection of WSSV.</p