APLICABILIDADE DO MODELO BIOECOLÓGICO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE BRONFENBRENNER NO CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

O desenvolvimento humano é um processo social que se dá mediante uma multiplicidade de interações que ocorre entre o indivíduo e outras pessoas inseridas nos mais diversos contextos ao longo do curso da vida das pessoas e das gerações. Conhecer esta complexidade de interações é fundamental para o cuidado de indivíduos, grupos e sociedade. Para compreender este processo faz-se necessário a utilização de teorias contextualistas como o modelo bioecológico de Bronfenbrenner. O presente artigo visa a responder a seguinte questão norteadora: como o modelo bioecológico de desenvolvimento de Bronfenbrenner vem sendo abordado na produção científica de Enfermagem com enfoque no cuidado. O objetivo do presente artigo foi o de analisar a produção científica da Enfermagem brasileira sobre o modelo bioecológico de Bronfenbrenner na área de Enfermagem com enfoque sobre o cuidado. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza básica, qualitativa, exploratória que utilizou como instrumento a coleta bibliográfica embasada nos pressupostos da revisão integrativa de literatura. Ao final da coleta chegou-se a um número de quatro artigos. Da análise dos artigos avaliados emergiram os seguintes pontos de convergência: o cuidado de enfermagem, a família como prestadora de cuidados e a importância da rede social no cuidado de enfermagem e familiar. Conclui-se que o modelo biecológico de Bronfenbrenner encontra-se abordado de forma tímida nas pesquisas de Enfermagem e que merece um destaque maior nessa área do conhecimento uma vez que o cuidado atualmente não pode ser focado nas características individuais da pessoa, mas sim nos diversos contextos que interagem com esse indivíduo

Cargas de trabalho e desgastes de profissionais das técnicas radiológicas em serviço de radiologia convencional

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Florianópolis, 2016Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória realizada em hospital estadual geral situado no sul do Brasil. Teve como objetivo descrever as cargas de trabalho e os desgastes presentes no processo de trabalho dos profissionais das técnicas radiológicas de um serviço de radiologia convencional. Para o embasamento teórico do estudo utilizou-se o referencial teórico da Medicina Social Latinoamericana de Laurell e Noriega que aborda o conceito de cargas de trabalho e processo de desgaste. A coleta de dados, utilizou a entrevista semi-estruturada com 12 trabalhadores, a observação participante de 50h horas de trabalho e a validação consensual com três grupos, esta última, adaptada do Modelo Operário Italiano. Para subsidiar a análise dos dados usou-se a Análise Temática pautada em Braun e Clarke. Emergiram dois grandes temas: um relacionado às cargas de trabalho e outra relacionado ao desgaste profissional dos profissionais das técnicas radiológicas. Na temática relacionada as cargas de trabalho evidenciou-se que estes profissionais encontram-se expostos a cargas biológicas, fisiológicas, psíquicas e mecânicas. Na temática relacionada aos desgastes profissionais, destacou-se que os trabalhadores das técnicas radiológicas apresentam desgastes osteoarticulares, psíquicos e relacionados ao sistema respiratório. A pesquisa aponta que os profissionais das técnicas radiológicas se encontram expostos a fluidos corporais, superfícies e equipamentos contaminados com microorganismos, manipulação excessiva de peso, trabalho noturno, radiação ionizante, extremos de temperatura, sobrecarga de trabalho, problemas éticos, vulnerabilidade a violência e queda por piso molhado. Destaca que essas cargas ao interagirem com o corpo do trabalhador em radiologia convencional geram diferentes tipos de desgastes destacando-se as dores em ombros e coluna vertebral, estresse e desgaste emocional, além de resfriados, pneumonia e rinite. Ao se contextualizar as temáticas geradas pela análise dos dados observou-se que as cargas de trabalho e os desgastes apresentados pelos profissionais das técnicas radiológicas são comuns a outros trabalhadores da saúde. A presente pesquisa permitiu dar visibilidade as cargas de trabalho e desgastes enfrentados pelos profissionais das técnicas radiológicas em serviço de radiologia convencional, categoria essa abordada de forma tímida nas pesquisas que envolvem saúde do trabalhador. Destacou-se também a relevância da utilização do Modelo Operário Italiano como referencial teórico em pesquisas envolvendo a saúde do trabalhador, uma vez que ela valoriza o saber dos trabalhadores e permite que os trabalhadores não atuem apenas como fontes de informação, mas também como sujeitos da informação.Abstract : This text is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research conducted in a State Hospital in southern part of Brazil. This research intends to describe the workload and wear presented in working process of Medical Radiation Technologists in a conventional radiology service. We used the theoretical framework by Latin-American Social Medicine such as Laurell and Noriega whom discusses the concept of workload and wear. The data collection was based on a half-structured interview with 12 workers, on an observation and participation of 50 hours of work and on consensual validation with three groups, this one adapted from the Italian Worker Model. Thus, we made the analysis of data based on the Thematic Analysis conceived by Braum and Clarke. Therefore, two great subjects have emerged: the first one related to workload and the other one related to the professional wear of Medical Radiation Technologists. In the subject related to workload, it was apparent that these professionals were exposed to biological, physiological, psychological and mechanical loads. In the subject related to professional wearing we highlighted that radiology professionals presented osteoarticular, psychological wearing and problems in respiratory system. This research indicates that Medical Radiation Technologists are exposed to: body fluids, surfaces and equipment contaminated by micro-organism, excessive load manipulation, night work, ionizing radiation, extreme temperature, overload of work, ethical problems, vulnerability and fall because due to wet floor. We emphasize that these loads interact with the worker's body in conventional radiology and they promote different types of wearing such as: shoulder pain and spine pain, stress and emotional wearing besides colds, pneumonia and rhinitis. Contextualizing these subjects created by the data analysis, we noticed that workload and wearing presented by these Medical Radiation Technologists are common to others Healthcare workers. The research allowed us to give visibility to workload and wearing confronted by Medical Radiation Technologists in Conventional Radiology Service. This category is still early studied in Healthcare and Work researches. We emphasized the important utilization of Italian Worker Model as a theoretical framework involving Worker's Health. It values the worker's knowledge and allows them to be not just source of information but also subjects of information

Gestão do cuidado em enfermagem na proteção radiológica em radiologia intervencionista

Objetivo: Refletir sobre os elementos da gestão do cuidado em enfermagem na proteção radiológica em radiologia intervencionista.Metodologia: Estudo reflexivo realizado a partir de artigos e legislação nacional e internacional abordando a temática da gestão do cuidado em enfermagem e proteção radiológica em radiologia intervencionista.Resultados:A partir das concepções de gestão do cuidado em enfermagem e atuação profissional na prática vislumbrou-se como elementos dessa gestão: conhecimentos e aplicabilidade dos princípios de proteção radiológica, efeitos biológicos da radiação ionizante, monitoramento de dose ocupacional, equipamentos de proteção individual e coletiva, segurança do paciente, educação em proteção radiológica, programa de garantia de qualidade.Conclusão: A gestão do cuidado em enfermagem em proteção radiológica em radiologia intervencionista é implementada de forma incipiente no que tange aos cuidados voltados para redução de dose, seja para trabalhadores ou paciente. Torna-se necessário reconhecer, compreender e caracterizar a gestão do cuidado em enfermagem nesse cenário. Palavras-chaves: Proteção radiológica. Radiologia intervencionista. Gestão em saúde.Cuidados de enfermagem. Serviço hospitalar de radiologia

Phylogeny, ultrastructure, histopathology and prevalence of Myxobolus oliveirai sp. nov., a parasite of Brycon hilarii (Characidae) in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil

This paper presents the morphological, histological and ultrastructural characteristics of Myxobolus oliveirai sp. nov., a parasite of the gill filaments in Brycon hilarii from the Brazilian Pantanal. Out of 216 B. hilariispecimens examined (126 wild and 90 cultivated), 38.1% of wild specimens (n = 48) were infected. The parasites form elongated plasmodia primarily in the tip of gill filaments, reaching about 3 mm in length. A thorough comparison with all the Myxobolus species described from South American hosts, as well as nearly all the Myxobolus species described so far is provided. Partial sequencing of the 18S rDNA gene revealed a total of 1,527 bp. The Myxobolus species parasite of B. hilarii did not match any of the Myxozoa available in GenBank. In the phylogenetic analysis, M. oliveirai sp. nov. composed a monophyletic group with eight other species: five species of Myxobolus parasites of mugilid fishes, two parasites of pangasiid and one of centrarchid. Infection prevalence values of the parasite revealed no significant differences between wet and dry seasons or between males and females. The importance of the infection to the farming of the host species is emphasized.FAPESPCEPTA - ICMBioCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Phylogeny, ultrastructure, histopathology and prevalence of Myxobolus oliveirai sp. nov., a parasite of Brycon hilarii (Characidae) in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil

This paper presents the morphological, histological and ultrastructural characteristics of Myxobolus oliveirai sp. nov., a parasite of the gill filaments in Brycon hilarii from the Brazilian Pantanal. Out of 216 B. hilariispecimens examined (126 wild and 90 cultivated), 38.1% of wild specimens (n = 48) were infected. The parasites form elongated plasmodia primarily in the tip of gill filaments, reaching about 3 mm in length. A thorough comparison with all the Myxobolus species described from South American hosts, as well as nearly all the Myxobolus species described so far is provided. Partial sequencing of the 18S rDNA gene revealed a total of 1,527 bp. The Myxobolus species parasite of B. hilarii did not match any of the Myxozoa available in GenBank. In the phylogenetic analysis, M. oliveirai sp. nov. composed a monophyletic group with eight other species: five species of Myxobolus parasites of mugilid fishes, two parasites of pangasiid and one of centrarchid. Infection prevalence values of the parasite revealed no significant differences between wet and dry seasons or between males and females. The importance of the infection to the farming of the host species is emphasized1056762769sem informaçã

Perceived critical success factors of electronic health record system implementation in a dental clinic context: An organisational management perspective

Background Electronic health records (EHR) make health care more efficient. They improve the quality of care by making patients’ medical history more accessible. However, little is known about the factors contributing to the successful EHR implementation in dental clinics. Objectives This article aims to identify the perceived critical success factors of EHR system implementation in a dental clinic context. Methods We used Grounded Theory to analyse data collected in the context of Brunei’s national EHR − the Healthcare Information and Management System (Bru-HIMS). Data analysis followed the stages of open, axial and selective coding. Results Six perceived critical success factors emerged: usability of the system, emergent behaviours, requirements analysis, training, change management, and project organisation. The study identified a mismatch between end-users and product owner/vendor perspectives. Discussion Workflow changes were significant challenges to clinicians’ confident use, particularly as the system offered limited modularity and configurability. Recommendations are made for all the parties involved in healthcare information systems implementation to manage the change process by agreeing system goals and functionalities through wider consensual debate, and participated supporting strategies realised through common commitment

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

男女間の不平等と脳の性差 --男女間の不平等は脳構造の性差と関連する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-05-10.Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women’s worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7, 876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women’s brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men

Gender inequality across the world has been associated with a higher risk to mental health problems and lower academic achievement in women compared to men. We also know that the brain is shaped by nurturing and adverse socio-environmental experiences. Therefore, unequal exposure to harsher conditions for women compared to men in gender-unequal countries might be reflected in differences in their brain structure, and this could be the neural mechanism partly explaining women's worse outcomes in gender-unequal countries. We examined this through a random-effects meta-analysis on cortical thickness and surface area differences between adult healthy men and women, including a meta-regression in which country-level gender inequality acted as an explanatory variable for the observed differences. A total of 139 samples from 29 different countries, totaling 7,876 MRI scans, were included. Thickness of the right hemisphere, and particularly the right caudal anterior cingulate, right medial orbitofrontal, and left lateral occipital cortex, presented no differences or even thicker regional cortices in women compared to men in gender-equal countries, reversing to thinner cortices in countries with greater gender inequality. These results point to the potentially hazardous effect of gender inequality on women's brains and provide initial evidence for neuroscience-informed policies for gender equality

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio