Views of India and Middle East

The issue is the use of a controversial book, What Went Wrong? by Bernard Lewis; which has the potential to lead the reader to conclusions, which do not account for Lewis biases. Two reading supplements were prepared; one which defined Lewis's biases and their origins and the other presented an analogy to the Middle East through India. The supplements will prepare readers for experiences they will encounter when reading Lewis

Characterizing Viscoelastic Properties of Polyacrylamide Gels

Despite its common use in cell culture studies, polyacrylamide gel's mechanical properties remain unclear. To characterize this gel fully, atomic force microscopy, uniaxial testing, rheology, and ball indentation were used. The range of the elastic moduli was 1.9-7.5 kPa and 18.1-39.4 kPa, for 5%/0.025% and 8%/0.08% gel concentrations, respectively, and a Poisson's ratio of 0.45 was found. Future research utilizing polyacrylamide as a cell culture substrate should indicate how the gel was characterized and acknowledge the uncertainty in stiffness values