Child Labor in Latin America: Poverty as Cause and Effect

Throughout much of the developing world, children make up an alarming portion of the workforce. These children are robbed of their childhood in order to provide economic supplementation to their families. According to the International Labor Organization (ILO), 5.7 million children in Latin America participate in the regional workforce (2006). It is a common misconception that children, who do not participate in the formal workforce, are not child laborers. However, the ILO defines child labor as any work that is detrimental to a child’s well-being or interferes with a child’s education. Due to the many categories and classifications of child labor, as well as its far-reaching causes, child labor in Latin America is difficult to combat. It is not only the direct result of poverty; its causes are societal and cultural as well. Child labor is a significant problem, not only because of its direct impact on the child, but because of the implications it has on society and culture as a whole

Seeking asylum in Bangkok, Thailand

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Criminal Law - Resisting Arrest - Unlawful Arrest

The Pennsylvania Supreme Court held that resistance to an arrest found to be unlawful cannot result in a conviction for resisting arrest but can result in a conviction for aggravated assault. Commonwealth v. Biagini, 655 A.2d 492 (Pa. 1995)

Mussel shells as a combined occupational- and Ca source in floor kept laying hens

In order to improve the occupation rate in laying hens held in a single tier floor system, mussel shells (particle size 10-20 mm) were supplied in the litter on every day basis. However, this procedure did not result in any affect on birds’ feather cover, novel object reactions, nor other welfare parameters or production performance. In the present study, it was not possible to partly replace calcium supplementation in the diet with the access to crushed mussel shells. This reduced calcium supplementation in the feed resulted in significantly higher rates of keel bone deviations, lower shell breaking strength and lower dry matter content of feces and litter