An interference-aware virtual clustering paradigm for resource management in cognitive femtocell networks

Femtocells represent a promising alternative solution for high quality wireless access in indoor scenarios where conventional cellular system coverage can be poor. They are randomly deployed by the end user, so only post deployment network planning is possible. Furthermore, this uncoordinated deployment creates severe interference to co-located femtocells, especially in dense deployments. This paper presents a new architecture using a generalised virtual cluster femtocell (GVCF) paradigm, which groups together FAP into logical clusters. It guarantees severely interfering and overlapping femtocells are assigned to different clusters. Since each cluster operates on different band of frequencies, the corresponding virtual cluster controller only has to manage its own FAPs, so the overall system complexity is low. The performance of the GVCF algorithm is analysed from both a resource availability and cluster number perspective. Simulation results conclusively corroborate the superior performance of the GVCF model in interference mitigation, particularly in high density FAP scenarios

Stability of the pentaquark in a naive string model

The pentaquark is studied in a simple model of confinement where the quarks and the antiquark are linked by flux tubes of minimal cumulated length, and the Coulomb-like interaction, the spin-dependent terms and the antisymmetrization constraints are neglected.. The ground-state is found to be stable against spontaneous dissociation into a meson and a baryon, both in the case of five equal-mass constituents and for a static quark or antiquark surrounded by four equal masses.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, minor corrections, references added, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Accurate monitoring and fault detection in wind measuring devices through wireless sensor networks

Many wind energy projects report poor performance as low as 60% of the predicted performance. The reason for this is poor resource assessment and the use of new untested technologies and systems in remote locations. Predictions about the potential of an area for wind energy projects (through simulated models) may vary from the actual potential of the area. Hence, introducing accurate site assessment techniques will lead to accurate predictions of energy production from a particular area. We solve this problem by installing a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to periodically analyze the data from anemometers installed in that area. After comparative analysis of the acquired data, the anemometers transmit their readings through a WSN to the sink node for analysis. The sink node uses an iterative algorithm which sequentially detects any faulty anemometer and passes the details of the fault to the central system or main station. We apply the proposed technique in simulation as well as in practical implementation and study its accuracy by comparing the simulation results with experimental results to analyze the variation in the results obtained from both simulation model and implemented model. Simulation results show that the algorithm indicates faulty anemometers with high accuracy and low false alarm rate when as many as 25% of the anemometers become faulty. Experimental analysis shows that anemometers incorporating this solution are better assessed and performance level of implemented projects is increased above 86% of the simulated models

A Study on the Land Reforms Laws: Bangladesh in Context

Land reform is a long-standing issue in Bangladesh, but a solution is elusive. Land reform is a widely-recognized social, political and economic objective in Bangladesh, and the Land Reforms Ordinance, 1984 was promulgated as the very first law that paved way for the reformation of lands. The word ‘land’ includes not only the face of the earth, but also everything under or over it, and has an indefinite extent upward or downward. Non-agricultural land means land used for purposes not connected with agriculture or horticulture, and does not include a homestead, land originally leased for agricultural or horticultural purposes but not used for that purpose. Land is scarce and population dense in Bangladesh, making it difficult to maximize agricultural production. Efforts to regulate tenancy rights and tackle subdivision and fragmentation of land holdings are ineffective, as they do not include measures to improve land management and crop yields. This paper will draw attention to that land reform is an imperative for Bangladesh to reduce the disparity and non-equity that exists among the people, further aggravating the survival of land and agriculture dependent masses. Keywords: Land Ceiling, Benami Transaction, Borga Cultivation, Bargadars’ Rights. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/132-02 Publication date:May 31st 202