Evaluating the thermal comfort properties of Rize's traditional hemp fabric (Feretiko) using a thermal manikin

In the present research, the thermal properties of the traditional fabric of the Rize city (Turkey) were investigated. A Feretiko, which is a fabric produced from hemp fibers at handlooms, were chosen and the thermal properties were evaluated via thermal manikin as well as the Alambeta tester and Air permeability tester. The thermal manikin tests were performed at 23 degrees C +/- 1 constant ambient temperature and 75 +/- 5% relative humidity regarding to the past annual average temperature and relative humidity data of Rize city were considered. The thermal resistance of Feretiko was measured 0.011 m(2)K/W by Alambeta tester and the total clothing insulation of the shirt manufactured from Feretiko was measured as 0.032 m(2)K/W by thermal manikin. Moreover, in ASHRAE Standard 55-2013, the clothing insulation of a long-sleeve shirt ensemble stated as 0.25 clo. The clothing insulation of the shirt manufactured from Feretiko was 0.20 clo, which is close to the value stated in the standard. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 4th International Conference on Natural Fibers - Smart Sustainable Materials.The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding by the project UID/CTM/00264/2019 of 2C2T -Centro de Ciencia e Tecnologia Textil, funded by National Founds through FCT/MCTES. Derya Tama thanks FCT for fellowship 2C2T-BPD-08-2017. Derya Tama thanks FCT for fellowship 2C2T-BPD-08-2017

Development of a new outdoor sport shirt using a thermal manikin under different climatic conditions

[Excerpt] Introduction: Humans are endothermic organisms and have much higher basal energy consumption, which is mainly necessary to keep their body temperature constant within a wide range of different environmental temperatures. The human body temperature is around 37 °C in the body core such as cranial, thoracic, abdominal cavities and in the extremities, the temperature is lower (28-36°C) [1]. Especially in active sports, the muscles produce heat from metabolic activity and this causes greatest thermal stress during exercise. [...]This work was supported by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Program (COMPETE) and by national funds through FCT–Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136. We would like to thank Nadine Häußermann and Silke Küblbeck for their kind support

Evaluating the effect of air temperature change on thermal insulation of outdoor sports shirt via thermal manikin in constant heat flux simulating exercise

[Excerpt] In the present experimental research, the thermal insulation of an outdoor sports’ shirt was evaluated considering constant heat flux simulating exercise. The shirt was produced using a seamless weft knitting machine by combining different yarns and knitting structures in different parts of the shirt (Figure 1). The tests were conducted by a thermal manikin and the manikin regulation mode was chosen as constant heat flux (CHF) mode. The thermal manikin is divided in 20 thermally independent body sections. The tests were set according to “ISO 15831: Clothing - Physiological effects - Measurement of thermal insulation by means of a thermal manikin”. The manikin was slightly above the floor (0,10 m) in a standing position during the measurements. The dry heat flow from the manikin´s skin surface area through the clothing into the ambient air was measured. [...]This work was supported by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Program - COMPETE and by national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136. We would like to thank Nadine Häußermann and Silke Küblbeck for their kind support

Flexible pressure sensors for integration into karate body protector

The increasing interest in karate has also attracted the attention of researchers, especially in combining the equipment used by practitioners with technology to prevent injuries, improve technical skills and provide appropriate scoring. Contrary to the sport of taekwondo, the development of a smart body protector in the sport of karate is still a niche field to be researched. This study focused on developing piezoresistive, textile-based pressure sensors using piezoresistive film, conductive fabric as well as different bonding materials and methods. Primarily, small-scale sensors were produced using ultrasonic welding, hot press welding and oven curing. These were characterized using a universal testing machine and specific conditioning and data-acquisition hardware combined with custom processing software. Large-scale sensors were then manufactured to be placed inside the karate body protector and characterized using cyclic testing. The conditioning circuit allows flexible gain adjustment, and it was possible to obtain a stable signal with an output of up to 0.03 V/N, an adequate signal for the tested force range. The transfer function shows some drift over the cycles, in addition to the expected hysteresis and slight nonlinearity, which can be compensated for. Finally, the configuration with the best results was tested in real practice tests; during these tests the body protector was placed on a dummy as well as on a person. The results showed that the piezoresistive textile-based pressure sensor produced is able to detect and quantify the impact of even light punches, providing an unobtrusive means for performance monitoring and score calculation for competitive practice of this sport.This research was funded by National Founds through FCT/MCTES, grant number UID/CTM/00264/2019 of 2C2T—Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil—and by European Cooperation in Science and Technology as a Short-Term Scientific Mission regarding the COST Action: CA17107–European Network to connect research and innovation efforts on advanced Smart Textiles, grant number 44750, Grant period: AGA-CA17107-2: 1 May 2019–30 April 2020, Dates: 8 July 2019–6 August 2019

Determination of total comfort of sport caps using wear trials

[Excerpt] The cap is a very popular product among young people. Previous studies regarding the production system and appearance of the product were conducted, however there is little research concerning their comfort. The total comfort is classified into 4 basic groups as thermo-physiological comfort, sensorial comfort, psychological comfort and ergonomic comfort. This paper is part of an ongoing research aiming to establish a comprehension about function and comfort characteristics for sports caps, in this specific case using male volunteers. In this part of the study, ten models of caps of different types of raw materials, construction and structure levels were manufactured and afterwards submitted to perception tests of comfort by ten male volunteers. [...]This work is financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Programme (COMPETE) and national funds through FCT–Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136

3D printing of flexible conductive polymers on textiles for sensing and electrical connection

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a 3D printing technology that works by deposition of a material, layer by layer, creating 3D objects. The growth of these technologies has been exponential and the application of AM in the textile industry has also been a subject of increased interest in the past few years. The applications are not only for decorative purposes, but also for biomedical and other uses in e-textiles. However, a crucial point for making such assembly is the adhesion between the material and the textile substrate, as well as the premise of meeting demanding wash resistance requirements. This work aims to investigate the possibility of creating sensors by combining textiles with conductive polymeric filaments used in 3D printing. Merging the flexibility of use, mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the polymeric filaments with the comfort and physical properties of the textiles can be a promising approach to create novel sensing structures. In this document, we give an overview of the recent state of the art of experimental research on adhesion in textile and polymer composites as well as an optimization of the printing parameters with a conductive filament, PI-ETPU. Some results from the printed samples in terms of print quality and electrical resistance are presented. Combining both topics, further work will include printing with conductive filament on textile substrates to study the possibly of creating sensing and electrical connections.FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(undefined

Intelligent textiles for martial arts

Martial arts have become very popular among the young population and even children, especially over the past 10-15 years. This interest has created a research field for researchers and manufacturers about martial arts' clothing and equipment, especially in terms of intelligent textiles. This study has been conducted in order to present intelligent textile products for martial arts' equipment and clothing. For this purpose, we have analyzed and presented different martial art divisions' equipment and clothes and the existing electronic systems.This work is financed by FEDER funds through the Competitivity Factors Operational Program - COMPETE and by national funds through FCT – Foundation for Science and Technology within the scope of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007136. Derya Tama thanks FCT for fellowship 2C2T-BPD-08-2017.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Investigating the effect of recycled cotton included fabrics on the thermal behaviour by using a female thermal manikin

In recent years, with the increase in global awareness of environmental problems, the term “sustainability” became more important for apparel manufacturers and consumers. Therefore, recycling of wastes plays a significant role in environmental sustainability by converting the wastes into raw materials. This study focused on recycled cotton-included fabrics, to evaluate the effect of these fabrics on thermal comfort properties. In this context, first, the 45% recycled cotton/55% polyester blended yarns and 50% virgin cotton/50% blended yarns were obtained. Afterwards, single jersey and rib-structured fabrics were knitted using these yarns. The thermal comfort tests were performed on the fabrics and four long sleeve rounded neck shirts then were manufactured using these fabrics to test by the thermal manikin method. Results showed that the yarns including recycled cotton led to a decrease in the values in air permeability of the fabrics and in the effective clothing insulation of the garments. In contrast, it was observed that, including recycled cotton increased the thermal resistance values of the fabrics.The authors also would like to thank Kempaş İplik Tekstil Ürünleri San. ve Tic. A.Ş. for supplying the yarns and Sun Holding A.Ş. for knitting the fabricThe authors gratefully acknowledge the funding by the project 15-MUH-035 of Ege University funded by Scientific Research Projects Coordination as well as the funding by the project UIDB/00264/2020 of 2C2T – University of Minho, Center for Textile Science and Technology, funded by National Founds through FCT/MCTES

Kayak sporunda kullanılan giysilerin giyim konforu açısından değerlendirilmesi ve fonksiyonel ürün geliştirilmesi

Bu çalışmada, kayak sporu Alp disiplini sporcuları için termal içlik tasarımlarının geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda öncelikle, termal içliklerde kullanılacak kumaşları belirlemek üzere, farklı hammadde ve örgüde 12 kumaş tedarik edilerek fiziksel ve kimyasal testlerle incelenmiş ve kumaşların performansları ortaya konmuştur. Bu kumaşlar aynı zamanda, 3 gönüllü rekreasyonel kayakçının katıldığı subjektif giyim denemeleri ön çalışması ile de incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmalara paralel olarak Alp disiplininde vücut eklemlerinde oluşan yüzdesel ölçü değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla antropometrik ölçüm çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada daha sonra, farklı model detaylarını sahip 3 adet alt ve 3 adet üst termal içlik tasarımı geliştirilmiş, giysi kalıpları hazırlanarak prototipleri üretilmiştir. Geliştirilen modellerin tasarım doğrulaması, gerçek kullanım koşullarının simüle edildiği ve 8 gönüllü rekreasyonel kayakçının katıldığı subjektif giyim denemeleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.In this study, designing thermal baselayers for Alpine skiing athletes was aimed. In this context, in order to determine the fabrics to be used in thermal baselayers, 12 different knit fabrics in different raw materials were procured and examined by physical and chemical tests. These fabrics were also examined by subjective wear trials in which, 3 recreational skier volunteers were participated. In parallel with these studies, an athropometric study was performed in order to determine the percentage measurement and changes in body joints during Alpine ski sport. Afterwards, 3 thermal baselayer designs in different model details were developed, their clothing patterns were prepared and prototypes were manufactured. The design verification of thermal baselayers were executed by subjective wear trials in which, the actual conditions of use were simulated and 8 recreational skier volunteers were participated