Characterization of the definitive classical calpain family of vertebrates using phylogenetic, evolutionary and expression analyses

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Event Structure at RHIC from p-p to Au-Au

Several correlation analysis techniques are applied to p-p and Au-Au collisions at RHIC. Strong large-momentum-scale correlations are observed which can be related to local charge and momentum conservation during hadronization and to minijet (minimum-bias parton fragment) correlations.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 20th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Trelawny Beach, Jamaica, March 15-20, 200

What's the best secondary treatment for patients who fail initial triple therapy for H pylori?

Q: What's the best secondary treatment for patients who fail initial triple therapy for H pylori? Evidence-based answer: treating patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who have failed clarithromycin-based triple therapy with either levofloxacin-based triple therapy (with amoxicillin and a proton pump inhibitor [PPI]) or a bismuth-based quadruple therapy produces cure rates of 75% to 81%. Ten-day regimens produce higher cure rates than 7-day regimens. Repeating the initial clarithromycin-based triple therapy cures fewer than half of patients (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Treating with a metronidazole-based triple therapy (with amoxicillin and a PPI) also produces high (87%) cure rates (SOR: A, meta-analyses of RCTs in exclusively Japanese populations). Selecting a secondary treatment regimen based on H pylori antibiotic susceptibility testing probably doesn't improve cure rates over empiric antibiotic treatment (SOR: B, meta-analyses of RCTs with conflicting results). However, after 2 treatment failures it may be necessary (SOR: C, expert opinion-based guidelines). Bismuth-based quadruple therapy has a more complex dosing regimen, and bismuth isn't available in some countries. Rising rates of H pylori resistance to levofloxacin in certain areas could make levofloxacin-based triple therapy less effective in the future (SOR: C, expert opinion-based guidelines).Leanne Jones, MD; Julien Ta, PharmD; Gary Kelsberg, MD (Valley Family Medicine Residency, University of Washington at Valley Medical Center, Renton) ; Sarah Safranek, MLIS (University of Washington Health Sciences Library, Seattle

BORIS/CTCFL is an RNA-binding protein that associates with polysomes

© 2013 Ogunkolade et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Soil microbial populations in deep floodplain soils are adapted to infrequent but regular carbon substrate addition

This is the final version of the article. Available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.Floodplain soils provide an important link in the land-ocean aquatic continuum. Understanding microbial activity in these soils, which can be many metres deep, is a key component in our understanding of the role of floodplains in the carbon (C) cycle. We sampled the mineral soil profile to 3 m depth from two floodplain sites under long-term pasture adjacent to the river Culm in SW England, UK. Soil chemistry (C, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), soil microbial biomass (SMB), moisture content) and soil solution (pH, dissolved organic C (DOC) and N, nitrate, ammonium, water extractable P) were analysed over the 3 m depth in 6 increments: 0.0–0.2, 0.2–0.7, 1.0–1.5, 1.5–2.0, 2.0–2.5, and 2.5–3.0 m. 14 C-glucose was added to the soil and the evolution of 14 CO 2 measured during a 29 d incubation. From soil properties and 14 C-glucose mineralisation, three depth groups emerged, with distinct turnover times extrapolated from initial k 1 mineralisation rate constants of 2 h (topsoil 0.0–0.2 m), 4 h (subsoil 0.2–0.7 m), and 11 h (deep subsoil 1.0–3.0 m). However, when normalised by SMB, k 1 rate constants had no significant differences across all depths. Deep subsoil had a 2 h lag to reach maximal 14 CO 2 production whereas the topsoil and subsoil (0.2–0.7 m) achieved maximum mineralisation rates immediately. SMB decreased with depth, but only to half of the surface population, with the proportion of SMB-C to total C increasing from 1% in topsoil to 15% in deep subsoil ( > 1.0 m). The relatively large SMB concentration and rapid mineralisation of 14 C-glucose suggests that DOC turnover in deep soil horizons in floodplains is limited by access to biologically available C and not the size of the microbial population.Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC

Detection of negative pickup ions at Saturn's moon Dione

We investigate a possible negative ion feature observed by the Cassini Plasma Spectrometer (CAPS) during a flyby of Saturn's moon Dione that occurred on April 7, 2010. By examining possible particle trajectories, we find that the observed particles are consistent with negative pick‐up ions originating near the moon's surface. We find that the mass of the negative pick‐up ions is in the range of 15 – 25 u and tentatively identify this species as O‐, likely resulting from ionization and subsequent pick‐up from Dione's O2‐CO2 exosphere. Our estimates show that the negative ion density is ~3 x 10‐3 cm‐3. This is comparable to, but slightly smaller than, that previously reported for the density of O2+ pick‐up ions for the same flyby, indicating that negative pick‐up ions may represent a major loss channel for Dione's exosphere

The 2016 Analysis of Information Remaining on Computer Hard Disks Offered for Sale on the Second Hand Market in the UAE

This research describes our survey of data remaining on computer hard disks sold on the second hand market in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This is a repetition of the first survey conducted in 2012 (Jones, Martin, & Alzaabi, 2012). Similar studies have been carried over the last ten years in the United Kingdom, Australia, USA, Germany and France: (Jones, Mee, Meyler, & Gooch, 2005), (Jones, Valli, Sutherland, & Thomas, 2006), (Jones, Valli, Dardick, & Sutherland, 2008), (Jones, Valli, Dardick, & Sutherland, 2009). This research was undertaken to gain insight into the volumes of data found on second-hand disks purchased in the UAE, as well as any changes that have occurred since the previous survey. We will also compare these results to those produced in other regions of the world to gain an understanding of the relative level of the problem of residual data in the UAE. The core methodology of the research adopted for this study was the same as has been used for the other global studies. The methodology included the acquisition of a number of second hand computer disks from a range of sources and their subsequent analysis. The goal of the analysis was to determine whether any data could be recovered from the disk and if so, whether the data that it contained could be used to determine the previous owner or user. If information was found on the disks and the previous user or owner could be identified, the research examined whether the information was of a sensitive nature or in a sufficient volume to represent a risk