Aplikasi Taksonomi Blooms dalam merekabentuk program pembangunan pelajar

Program Pembangunan Pelajar adalah bertujuan untuk membantu dan membimbing para pelajar dalam membentuk sahsiah dan kepemimpinan. Di samping itu apa yang lebih penting ialah bagaimana para pelajar dapat mengaplikasikan tahap keintelektualan mereka secara kreatif dan kritis. Terdapat pelbagai jenis program pembangunan pelajar yang boleh dilaksanakan antaranya ialah, pengendalian bengkel, kursus, latihan, seminar dan sebagainya. Kertas kerja ini akan memberikan fokus dalam pengendalian bengkel pemnbangunan pelajar berdasarkan pengalaman penulis. Kertas kerja ini akan membincangkan bagaimana diterapkan domain kognitif dalam pengendalian program pembangunan pelajar. Blooms telah mengkategorikan tiga domain dalam pembelajaran itu; domain kognitif, domain afektif dan domain psikomotor. Perbincangan dalam kertas kerja ini akan hanya tertumpu pada domain kognitif. Domain kognitif dapat dibahagikan kepada enam aras iaitu; aras pengetahuan, aras kefahaman, aras aplikasi, aras analisis, aras sintesis dan aras penilaian. Adalah didapati penerapan domain kognitif dalam aktiviti dalam bengkel berupaya meningkatkan daya berfikir di kalangan para peserta bengkel

USABILITY EVALUATION OF A DESKTOP VIRTUAL REALITY PROTOTYPE (DVRP) COURSEWARE TO ENHANCE KNOWLEDGE ON DRUG ABUSE

Evaluation is a way to measure the usability of a computer-based system. Usability is the ability to carry out tasks effectively, efficiently and with satisfaction. Usability is the extent to which users can use a computer system to achieve specified goals effectively and efficiently while promoting feelings of satisfaction in a given context of use. It can be broadly defined as “ease of useâ€, and “usefulnessâ€. This study aims to evaluate the usability, of the Desktop Virtual Reality Prototype (DVRP) courseware in enhancing knowledge on drug abuse among student teachers in a Teacher Education Institution. A total of 35 student-teachers were identified through simple random method to evaluate the usability of DVRP. In order to assess the usability of the DVRP courseware, the USE Questionnaire (Lund, 2001) was employed. USE stands for Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of use. The results of this study on the usability show that the uses are very positive using the DVRP courseware and very effective and efficient to be used to enhance knowledge on drug abuse

Anti-diabetic drugs utilization pattern and its cost in managing Type 2 Diabetes patients in hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia

Introduction: Increasing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) worldwide has been reported in numerous studies. This issue has a significant effect on population quality of life as well as the economic burden in managing the disease. Policy makers have promoted the adoption of a Health Information System (HIS) to facilitate the coordination of medical care. Major hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia are using the HIS as their Electronic Medical Records (EMR). This study is the first attempt to extract data in HIS with the aim to turn data from the HIS into clinical information and to provide evidence for hospital management. Objective: The study aims to describe the antidiabetic drugs utilization pattern and its cost for T2DM in three hospitals equipped with a HIS. Methodology: This study was conducted in 2014 by using secondary data analysis of T2DM patients receiving diabetic medications in three public hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia that are utilizing the same software for their electronic HIS. Patients’ data from January to December 2013 were included in the analysis and were analyzed by using STATA v12. Outpatient, pharmacy, and laboratory dataset were cleaned and merged for data analysis. Results: The data shows prescription patterns for Hospital A are 28.5% monotherapy, 26.9% a combination of 2 oral drugs, and 22.3% a combination of insulin and oral drugs. The pattern is slightly similar to Hospital C where 29.6% of monotherapy, 24.4% of a combination of 2 oral drugs and 23.3% of a combination of insulin and oral drugs. Meanwhile for Hospital B, 30.1% of a combination of insulin and oral drugs, 29.4% of a combination of 2 oral drugs and 29% of monotherapy. The mean cost per patient in 2013 of antidiabetic agents (ADA) for Hospital A is RM 191.21 ± 269.64, Hospital B is RM 217.17 ± 385.49 and for Hospital C is RM 252.28 ± 384.35. Conclusion: Monotherapy, metformin predominantly has been prescribed as a first line treatment for T2DM. The prescribing trend was followed by using a combination therapy of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) an then, insulin and OHA. Therefore, this study showed that drugs at low cost have been prescribed commonly in all hospitals studied. Keywords: Utilization, Drugs, Diabetes, Malaysia, HIS, Hospita