Energy and Economic Efficiency of Gas Turbine Units and Heat Pumps in Power-supply Systems in the Arctic Regions of Russia

Currently, in publications, there is some controversy about the efficiency of various power-supply systems operating in extreme climatic conditions. The need to dispel this controversy explains this study's relevance. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of the use of cogeneration gas turbine and microturbine units as the heat-and-power source for a camp-like residential facility in the Arctic regions of Russia. A boiler plant and a heat pump system are analyzed as heat sources for the afore-mentioned camp. The authors used their own mathematical models of the units to do the study. The estimates were based on the annual facility-specific power and heat consumption data, additionally climatic conditions and fuel kind (natural gas) were taken into consideration. The study resulted in defining the plants' limits of equal fuel consumption, depending on the substituted power output efficiency and the power/heat production cost to the price of gas correlation. Another result was the evaluation of the power efficiency (by the natural gas consumption) and economic feasibility, as well as the payback term. We concluded that in case the natural gas was the only fuel available the ground source vapor-compressing heat pump systems were power-wise and economically unsound, provided they were operated under environmental conditions typical for the Russian North and according to the region-specific heat-supply schedule. The outcome of this study can be used when planning/designing the power-supply facilities in extreme climatic conditions, as well as in evaluating/estimating the power-supply systems' efficiency

Track D Social Science, Human Rights and Political Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138414/1/jia218442.pd

The formation of the development model of the innovative industrial cluster and methods for evaluating its economic effectiveness

The cluster approach is considered by the authors as the tool to ensure the accelerated development of the country’s industrial complex. In the article the authors examine the problem of forming the model of the cluster development in high-tech sectors of industry and the methods for evaluating its economic effectiveness. Unlike traditional approaches, the authors of the article identify a cluster unit as the main structural element of the development model of the innovative industrial cluster. They think that a cluster unit is one member of the cluster (i.e.one enterprise). This point of view is differed from modern scientists` opinion, who view a cluster unit as the complex of enterprises operating within cluster units. The purpose of the study was the development and the economic evaluation of the model of the cluster development. In this research the authors examined the cluster of industrial biotechnologies. They have developed and proposed the model of the development of the cluster of industrial biotechnologies: the Non-commercial partnership (NP) “The biotechnology cluster of the Kirov region”. This model takes into account the peculiarities of the innovative production. The authors have calculated the absolute and relative effect from clustering taking into account the effectiveness and profitability indicators of the cluster units activities within the cluster in question and the evaluation of the project activity of the cluster. Thus the authors have proved the economic effectiveness of the proposed model of the cluster development. The received research results allow us to conclude that the designed model of the development of the NP “The biotechnology cluster of the Kirov region” provides a steady growth trend of positive economic effect from the corporate activities of the enterprises within the cluster and increase in the region’s competitiveness in the production of high-tech industrial products

The process of forming the synergetic effect in the industrial cluster and its economic evaluation

The synergetic effect of an industrial cluster is considered by the authors as a quasi-effect that has a complex non-linear nature and consists of a number of diverse effects. The authors of the article investigate the formation of synergetic effect in the industrial cluster, as well as the indicators of its economic evaluation. In contrast to the proposed approaches to describing the process of forming the synergetic effect in the industrial cluster, which are based on determining the effects of various kinds (economic, social, environmental, tax, etc.), the authors propose the approach based on the concept “value added”. For its economic assessment the researchers consider the following indicator: a synergetic effect of multiplicative-accelerative clustering (SeMAC). The results of the synergetic effect evaluation of the leading clusters of the Russian Federation in the direction of “Biopharmaceuticals, biotechnology and biomedicine” allow us to conclude that the developed scheme of forming the synergetic effect of the industrial cluster. Also the developed indicators of its economic evaluation are common and allow to get the objective data

The process of forming the synergetic effect in the industrial cluster and its economic evaluation

The synergetic effect of an industrial cluster is considered by the authors as a quasi-effect that has a complex non-linear nature and consists of a number of diverse effects. The authors of the article investigate the formation of synergetic effect in the industrial cluster, as well as the indicators of its economic evaluation. In contrast to the proposed approaches to describing the process of forming the synergetic effect in the industrial cluster, which are based on determining the effects of various kinds (economic, social, environmental, tax, etc.), the authors propose the approach based on the concept “value added”. For its economic assessment the researchers consider the following indicator: a synergetic effect of multiplicative-accelerative clustering (SeMAC). The results of the synergetic effect evaluation of the leading clusters of the Russian Federation in the direction of “Biopharmaceuticals, biotechnology and biomedicine” allow us to conclude that the developed scheme of forming the synergetic effect of the industrial cluster. Also the developed indicators of its economic evaluation are common and allow to get the objective data

Medical consequences of Chernobyl accident

Aim: to study the long-term effects of acute radiation syndrome (ARS), developed at the victims of the Chernobyl accident. Material and Methods. 237 people were exposed during the accident, 134 of them were diagnosed with ARS. Dynamic observation implies a thorough annual examination in a hospital. Results. In the first 1.5-2 years after the ARS mean group indices of peripheral blood have returned to normal. However, many patients had transient expressed moderate cytopenias. Granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and erythropenia were the most frequently observed things during the first 5 years after the accident. After 5 years their occurences lowered. In 11 patients the radiation cataract was detected. A threshold dose for its development is a dose of 3.2 Gy Long-term effects of local radiation lesions (LRL) range from mild skin figure smoothing to a distinct fibrous scarring, contractures, persistently recurrent late radiation ulcers. During all years of observation we found 8 solid tumors, including 2 thyroid cancers. 5 hematologic diseases were found. During 29 years 26 ARS survivors died of various causes. Conclusion. The health of ones with long-term ARS effects is determined by the evolution of the LRL effects on skin, radiation cataracts, hema-tological diseases and the accession of of various somatic diseases, not caused by radiation

Blood status in the long-term radiation syndrome

Aims: to reveal regularities of change of peripheral blood indicators in the long-term acute radiation syndrome (ARS) depending on its initial severity and existence of various somatic diseases. Material and methods. Clinical he-matologic materials from 114 patients in the long-term ARS (from 1,5 to more than 20 years after radiation accident), developed as a result of gamma beta exposure are presented. Results. In the period of the late radiation effect average values of peripheral blood are in physiological norm limits. However at some patients there are temporary superficial cytopenic conditions (thrombocytopenia — 22,7%, a leukopenia — 12,2%, a neutropenia — 13,1%, a lymphocytope-nia — 10,5%). Conclusion. As a result of a dynamic research it is revealed that in the remote terms of ARS (from 1,5 to more than 20 years after radiation) average group levels of erythrocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes in blood are in limits of physiological norm. However in the individual analysis of a functional state of blood at a part of patients are noted not stable cytopenic states

ФИНАНСЫ В ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ: СОХРАНЕНИЕ ТРАДИЦИЙ И НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ

Сборник посвящен вопросам теории и практики управлении финансами в цифровой экономике на микро-, мезо- и макроуровнях