1,097 research outputs found
A novel paradigm for solving PDEs: multi scale neural computing
Numerical simulation is dominant in solving partial difference equations
(PDEs), but balancing fine-grained grids with low computational costs is
challenging. Recently, solving PDEs with neural networks (NNs) has gained
interest, yet cost-effectiveness and high accuracy remains a challenge. This
work introduces a novel paradigm for solving PDEs, called multi scale neural
computing (MSNC), considering spectral bias of NNs and local approximation
properties in the finite difference method (FDM). The MSNC decomposes the
solution with a NN for efficient capture of global scale and the FDM for
detailed description of local scale, aiming to balance costs and accuracy.
Demonstrated advantages include higher accuracy (10 times for 1D PDEs, 20 times
for 2D PDEs) and lower costs (4 times for 1D PDEs, 16 times for 2D PDEs) than
the standard FDM. The MSNC also exhibits stable convergence and rigorous
boundary condition satisfaction, showcasing the potential for hybrid of NN and
numerical method
E-UAV: An Edge-based Energy-Efficient Object Detection System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Motivated by the advances in deep learning techniques, the application of
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based object detection has proliferated across a
range of fields, including vehicle counting, fire detection, and city
monitoring. While most existing research studies only a subset of the
challenges inherent to UAV-based object detection, there are few studies that
balance various aspects to design a practical system for energy consumption
reduction. In response, we present the E-UAV, an edge-based
energy-efficient object detection system for UAVs. The system is designed to
dynamically support various UAV devices, edge devices, and detection
algorithms, with the aim of minimizing energy consumption by deciding the most
energy-efficient flight parameters (including flight altitude, flight speed,
detection algorithm, and sampling rate) required to fulfill the detection
requirements of the task. We first present an effective evaluation metric for
actual tasks and construct a transparent energy consumption model based on
hundreds of actual flight data to formalize the relationship between energy
consumption and flight parameters. Then we present a lightweight
energy-efficient priority decision algorithm based on a large quantity of
actual flight data to assist the system in deciding flight parameters. Finally,
we evaluate the performance of the system, and our experimental results
demonstrate that it can significantly decrease energy consumption in real-world
scenarios. Additionally, we provide four insights that can assist researchers
and engineers in their efforts to study UAV-based object detection further.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure
Propagation of instability in dielectric elastomers
AbstractWhen an electric voltage is applied across the thickness of a thin layer of an dielectric elastomer, the layer reduces its thickness and expands its area. This electrically induced deformation can be rapid and large, and is potentially useful as soft actuators in diverse technologies. Recent experimental and theoretical studies have shown that, when the voltage exceeds some critical value, the homogenous deformation of the layer becomes unstable, and the layer deforms into a mixture of thin and thick regions. Subsequently, as more electric charge is applied, the thin regions enlarge at the expense of the thick regions. On the basis of a recently formulated nonlinear field theory, this paper develops a meshfree method to simulate numerically this instability
Surgical outcomes of 23-gauge transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy combined with lensectomy for glaucomatous eyes with extremely shallow anterior chamber and cataract
A Capacitive Humidity Sensor Based on Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)
A new type of capacitive humidity sensor is introduced in this paper. The sensor consists of two plate electrodes coated with MWCNT films and four pieces of isolating medium at the four corners of the sensor. According to capillary condensation, the capacitance signal of the sensor is sensitive to relative humidity (RH), which could be transformed to voltage signal by a capacitance to voltage converter circuit. The sensor is tested using different saturated saline solutions at the ambient temperature of 25 °C, which yielded approximately 11% to 97% RH, respectively. The function of the MWCNT films, the effect of electrode distance, the temperature character and the repeatability of the sensor are discussed in this paper
Task-Agnostic Structured Pruning of Speech Representation Models
Self-supervised pre-trained models such as Wav2vec2, Hubert, and WavLM have
been shown to significantly improve many speech tasks. However, their large
memory and strong computational requirements hinder their industrial
applicability. Structured pruning is a hardware-friendly model compression
technique but usually results in a larger loss of accuracy. In this paper, we
propose a fine-grained attention head pruning method to compensate for the
performance degradation. In addition, we also introduce the straight through
estimator into the L0 regularization to further accelerate the pruned model.
Experiments on the SUPERB benchmark show that our model can achieve comparable
performance to the dense model in multiple tasks and outperforms the Wav2vec
2.0 base model on average, with 72% fewer parameters and 2 times faster
inference speed.Comment: Accepted by INTERSPEECH 202
- …