A inclusão de alunos com necessidades educativas especiais: recorte panorâmico no ensino superior português

Em Portugal tem-se registado uma maior procura do Ensino Superior de estudantes com Necessidades Educativas Especiais, aumentando também a atenção às suas necessidades. A literatura demonstra a necessidade de um debate para além da educação pré-universitária, para que as práticas adotadas sejam efetivamente inclusivas. A presente investigação pretende contribuir para o aprofundamento do conhecimento na temática, através da análise do enquadramento legal de apoio a alunos/as com Necessidades Educativas Especiais no Ensino Superior Privado; da análise das perceções que a comunidade académica possui acerca da inclusão de estudantes com Necessidades Educativas Especiais no Ensino Superior; e da realização de ações formativas para desmistificação de algumas crenças face ao indivíduo com Necessidades Educativas Especiais. O estudo decorreu em três etapas, sendo que na primeira analisaram-se 25 documentos, na segunda participaram 160 alunos/as, 20 docentes e 17 não docentes, e na terceira participaram 48 alunos/as, seis docentes e quatro não docentes. Os respetivos instrumentos de avaliação utilizados foram a Grelha de análise documental, para os regulamentos das Instituições de Ensino Superior privado, o Questionário sobre a perceção que os membros da academia possuem face à inclusão de estudantes com Necessidades Educativas Especiais e o Questionário de avaliação do Workshop. Os resultados sugerem que algumas Instituições de Ensino Superior Privado têm elaborado regulamentação específica de apoio aos estudantes em questão; que os membros da academia encontram-se sensibilizados para a inclusão; e que a ação formativa sobre a temática teve um impacto positivo nos participantes, contribuindo para a desmistificação de crenças e aprofundamento do seu conhecimento.In Portugal there has been a greater demand for Higher Education for students with Special Educational Needs, also increasing attention to their needs. The literature demonstrates the need for a debate beyond pre-university education, so that the practices adopted are effectively inclusive. The present investigation intends to contribute to the deepening of knowledge on the subject, through the analysis of the legal framework of support to students with Special Educational Needs in Private Higher Education; the analysis of the perceptions that the academic community has about the inclusion of students with Special Educational Needs in Higher Education; and carrying out training actions to demystify some beliefs towards the individual with Special Educational Needs. The study took place in three stages, with 25 documents analyzed in the first, 160 students, 20 teachers and 17 non-teachers participated in the second, and 48 students, six teachers and four non-teachers participated in the third. The respective assessment instruments used were the Document Analysis Grid, for the regulations of private Higher Education institutions, the Questionnaire on the perception that members of the academy have face the inclusion of students with Special Educational Needs and the Assessment Questionnaire of the workshop. The results suggest that some Private Higher Education Institutions have developed specific regulations to support the students in question; that members of the academy are sensitized to inclusion; and that the training action on the theme had a positive impact on the participants, contributing to demystifying beliefs and deepening their knowledge

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora