VALIDITY, SENSITIVITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF STAGES AND GARMIN VECTOR POWER METERS WHEN COMPARED WITH SRM DEVICE

The measurement of power output (PO) during cycling has led some manufacturers to develop mobile power meters. However, such devices have to provide a valid, sensitive and reproducible PO. This study aimed to determine the validity, sensitivity and reproducibility of the Stages and Garmin Vector during both laboratory and field cycling tests. The results demonstrate that the Stages and the Garmin Vector systems appear to be reproducible. However, the validity and the sensitivity of the two systems must be treated with some caution

An Instrumented Glove to Assess Manual Dexterity in Simulation-Based Neurosurgical Education

ABSTRACT: The traditional neurosurgical apprenticeship scheme includes the assessment of trainee’s manual skills carried out by experienced surgeons. However, the introduction of surgical simulation technology presents a new paradigm where residents can refine surgical techniques on a simulator before putting them into practice in real patients. Unfortunately, in this new scheme, an experienced surgeon will not always be available to evaluate trainee’s performance. For this reason, it is necessary to develop automatic mechanisms to estimate metrics for assessing manual dexterity in a quantitative way. Authors have proposed some hardware-software approaches to evaluate manual dexterity on surgical simulators. This paper presents IGlove, a wearable device that uses inertial sensors embedded on an elastic glove to capture hand movements. Metrics to assess manual dexterity are estimated from sensors signals using data processing and information analysis algorithms. It has been designed to be used with a neurosurgical simulator called Daubara NS Trainer, but can be easily adapted to another benchtop- and manikin-based medical simulators. The system was tested with a sample of 14 volunteers who performed a test that was designed to simultaneously evaluate their fine motor skills and the IGlove’s functionalities. Metrics obtained by each of the participants are presented as results in this work; it is also shown how these metrics are used to automatically evaluate the level of manual dexterity of each volunteer

Global overview of the management of acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic (CHOLECOVID study)

Background: This study provides a global overview of the management of patients with acute cholecystitis during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: CHOLECOVID is an international, multicentre, observational comparative study of patients admitted to hospital with acute cholecystitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on management were collected for a 2-month study interval coincident with the WHO declaration of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and compared with an equivalent pre-pandemic time interval. Mediation analysis examined the influence of SARS-COV-2 infection on 30-day mortality. Results: This study collected data on 9783 patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to 247 hospitals across the world. The pandemic was associated with reduced availability of surgical workforce and operating facilities globally, a significant shift to worse severity of disease, and increased use of conservative management. There was a reduction (both absolute and proportionate) in the number of patients undergoing cholecystectomy from 3095 patients (56.2 per cent) pre-pandemic to 1998 patients (46.2 per cent) during the pandemic but there was no difference in 30-day all-cause mortality after cholecystectomy comparing the pre-pandemic interval with the pandemic (13 patients (0.4 per cent) pre-pandemic to 13 patients (0.6 per cent) pandemic; P = 0.355). In mediation analysis, an admission with acute cholecystitis during the pandemic was associated with a non-significant increased risk of death (OR 1.29, 95 per cent c.i. 0.93 to 1.79, P = 0.121). Conclusion: CHOLECOVID provides a unique overview of the treatment of patients with cholecystitis across the globe during the first months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The study highlights the need for system resilience in retention of elective surgical activity. Cholecystectomy was associated with a low risk of mortality and deferral of treatment results in an increase in avoidable morbidity that represents the non-COVID cost of this pandemic

Etude, modélisation et réalisation d'un micro-senseur terrestre infrarouge en technologie microsystèmes (application au positionnement de micro satellites en orbite basse)

L'ensemble de ces travaux porte sur deux axes: la modélisation d'une micro-caméra infrarouge (IR) en technologie microsystèmes d'une part, dans le but de développer le " prototypage virtuel " d'un microsenseur terrestre pour le contrôle d'attitude de satellites en orbite basses (LEO) ; et d'autre part, la réalisation " hardware " de l'ensemble du système de mesure, allant de la scène IR jusqu'au modules électroniques de lecture et traitement de signal provenant du détecteur IR. Le détecteur est une matrice microbolomètre non refroidie (320x240 pixels de 51 ?m de côté), qui est utilisée comme une barrette linéaire IR dans le cadre de cette application liée au domaine spatial. Ces travaux ont été menés suivant une méthodologie de conception " Top-Down ", avec pour le prototypage virtuel des outils de simulation " comportementale " et " systèmes ", comme Matlab & Saber. La réalisation " hardware " est quant à elle composée du démonstrateur MIRES (Micro InfraRed Earth Sensor), qui a permis de corréler les simulations avec les mesures, et de valider l'ensemble du projet. Ce démonstrateur regroupe la notion de " tête optique ", qui comprend un système optique, le détecteur infrarouge, et les systèmes électroniques assemblés en microcartes, avec des composants montés en surface du commerce (CMS COTS). Le résultat final est un système intégré, en accord avec les spécifications techniques initiales données par le CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) - Outre les résultats obtenus (en terme de prototypage virtuel et de réalisation " hardware " ), ce projet présente l'intérêt d'une approche " générique " et " bas coûts ", pouvant être réutilisée avec d'autres capteurs matriciels IR (voire visible) et d'autres domaines d'applications (domotique, automobile, défense, médical).A part of this work is split into the modelling of an infrared micro-camera designed in a microsystems technology approach, in order to develop the virtual prototyping of an earth horizon micro-sensor set up in a L.E.O. (Low Earth Orbit) satellite , and a second part into the hardware realisation of the whole optic and electronic environment of the active element used in this camera. This active element is a 320x240 microbolometer focal plane array (FPA), which is used as a linear array in this space-oriented application. This investigation is based on a Top-Down design methodology, with both "behavioural" and "systems" approaches for virtual prototyping, and the same simulation tools as those involved in standard systems designs, as Matlab & Saber. The hardware realisation of the MIRES project (Micro InfraRed Earth Sensor) includes all elements of an "optical head", from the input optical system to the signal processing digital electronic output, and in-between the detector and the reading electronics in a vertical micro-cards assembly (like Vertical Micro-Chip Modules MCM-V) based on COTS (Components On The Shelves). The final result is a very compact microsystem consistent with the specifications given by the CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) - Among the interest of the project itself, the system architecture follows a "generic" approach, which means that both virtual prototyping and hardware realisation are adaptable to any kind of microbolometer (or other FPA's like visible CCD), extending this way the range of application of this work.TOULOUSE-INSA (315552106) / SudocSudocFranceF

ISIFC dual biomedical engineering school

August 23-26International audienc

L'entreprise virtuelle Biotika de l'ISIFC ou les grands principes d'une ingénierie pédagogique innovante en relation directe avec les entreprises

Il s'agit d'une démarche très originale de création d'une entreprise virtuelle au sein d'une école d'ingénieurs universitaire. C'est donc dans le cadre d'un module de formation de l'Institut Supérieur d'Ingénieur de Franche Comté que Biotika est née. L'ISIFC est une école d'ingénieurs en trois ans recrutant à Bac +2, située à Besançon et spécialisée en Génie Biomédical. Cette entreprise virtuelle a pour but de faire découvrir aux élèves-ingénieurs les différentes facettes de leur futur métier. En développant des projets innovants biomédicaux qui sont eux bien réels, ils sont ainsi mis en véritable situation professionnelle. Biotika, créée en mai 2006, en est actuellement à sa troisième année de vie. Tous les ans, le personnel de l'entreprise est entièrement renouvelé. Tous les postes (hors direction) sont attribués aux nouveaux élèves de deuxième année de l'ISIFC suite à des entretiens d'embauche. Les nouveaux membres de Biotika décident ensuite, ensemble, des nouveaux projets qu'ils vont développer afin d'améliorer le quotidien des malades et selon une démarche qualité. En 2006, deux projets ont été développés : -un lit médicalisé à commande vocale. -un endoscope à joystick, pour lequel Biotika a obtenu un prix de l'innovation OSEO-ANVAR et une aide à maturation de la part du service valorisation de l'Université de Franche Comté. En 2007, Biotika a travaillé sur trois projets : -la suite du projet endoscope automatisé dénommé Fibrotika -un distributeur de salive artificielle pour les patients atteints de xérostomie dénommé S-Alive -un dispositif de pointeur oculaire pour handicapés dénommé Visiotika

ISIFC - Dual Biomedical Engineering School

International audienceThe Superior Institute for Biomedical Engineering (ISIFC), created in 2001, is part of the Franche-Comte University and is accredited by the French Ministry of National Education. Its originality lies in its innovative course of studies, which trains engineers in the scientific and medical fields to get both competencies. The Institute therefore collaborates with the University Hospital Centre of Besancon (CHU), biomedical companies and National Research Centres (CNRS and INSERM). The dual expertise trainees will have acquired at the end of their 3 years course covers medical and biological skills, scientific and Technical expertises. ISIFC engineers answer to manufacturer needs for skilled scientific and technical staff in instrumentation and techniques adapted to diagnosis, therapeutics and medical control, as well as the needs of potential users for biomedical devices, whether they are doctors, hospital staff, patients, laboratories, etc... Both the skills and the knowledge acquired by an ISIFC engineer will enable him/her to fulfil functions of study, research and development in the industrial sector

Aerobars Position Effect: What is the Interaction Between Aerodynamic Drag and Power Production?

International audienceExtensive research has been dedicated to optimizing the cyclist's position on the bike to enhance aerodynamic performance. This study aims to further investigate the aerobars position modification impact on cycling speed. Drawing from previous work (Fintelman et al. 2015), a connection is established between position adjustments and hip angle, a critical determinant of power output. Based on a 3D scan of an elite athlete on his Time Trial (TT) bike, a digital twin with upper body mobility is created. Utilizing inverse kinematics with aerobars as a root, adjustments to the aerobars position translate into alterations in the cyclist's upper body posture. These changes influence both aerodynamic drag -quantified by Computational Fluid Dynamics method (CFD)- and hip angle, directly affecting the athlete's capacity for power generation. The interplay between aerodynamic efficiency and power output is analyzed, with varying parameters such as speed and slope angle considered to ascertain the optimal aerobar position for individual athletes in a specific cycling context. Results show impactful variations in cycling speed as a function of the aerobars position, the latter having a strong influence on aerodynamic drag and theoretical power production

Un capteur d'humidité et de salinité du sol connecté pour l'agriculture de précision

International audienceThe new methods for the agriculture have to improve the irrigation systems. Nowadays, an important part of irrigation water is wasted. A new connected agriculture needs to reduce that wastage by creating a sustainable agriculture. To achieve that goal, we need to control the soil moisture to perfectly adapt the water supply. This paper presents a new connected sensor to monitor in real time the irrigation impact on the fields. The challenges for this new system are the ease of installation, the cost and the network coverage. This work describes the design of this system and its results in fields.Les nouvelles méthodes d'agriculture doivent améliorer les systèmes d'irrigation. De nos jours, une part importante de l'irrigation est perdue. Une nouvelle agriculture connectée est nécessaire pour réduire ces pertes en créant une agriculture durable. Pour atteindre ce but, nous avons besoin de contrôler l'humidité du sol pour adapter parfaitement les apports d'eau. Cet article présente un nouveau capteur connecté pour mesurer en temps réel l'impact de l'irrigation sur les cultures. Les challenges pour ce nouveau système sont la facilité d'utilisation, le coût et la couverture du réseau. Ce travail décrit la conception du système ainsi que ces résultats dans les champs