Float-polishing process and analysis of float-polished quartz

A fluid-mechanical model is developed for the float-polishing process. In this model laminar flow between the sample and the lap results in pressure gradients at the grooves that support the sample on a fluid layer. The laminar fluid motion also produces supersmooth, damage-free surfaces. Quartz substrates for applications in high-stress environments were float polished, and their surfaces were analyzed by optical scatterometry, photoacoustic spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The removal of 100 µm of material by a lapping-polishing process, with final float polishing, left low levels of subsurface damage, with a surface roughness of approximately 0.2-nm rms

Ser, Nada, Devir. Hegel e nós – Uma formalização

Despite its great speculative relevance and despite the fact that it is the very foundation of the Hegelian system, The Science of Logic by G. W. F. Hegel is practically an illegible book nowadays. Even for Germans it is a difficult reading. Other books by Hegel (except for the Encyclopedia) are reasonably readable. This is not the case of The Science of Logic. Almost all technical terms used by Hegel are defined by a conceptual network, in which the components are themselves related to one another. That is the reason for the difficulty of finding a reading guide to direct the reader from one chapter to the next. Initially, the authors of the present paper try to translate Hegel’s typical language into usual English, even if some of the richness of the original text is lost. In a second step, they attempt to formalize what has been translated. There is no intention of keeping fidelity to Hegelian orthodoxy; on the contrary, the authors attempt to correct everything they think is an error in the Hegelian system. Key words: dialectics, Hegel, formalization.A Ciência da Lógica de G. W. F. Hegel, embora de grande importância especulativa e embora seja o fundamento de todo o sistema hegeliano, tornou-se hoje um livro praticamente ilegível mesmo para pessoas de língua alemã. As outras obras (exceto a Enciclopédia) de Hegel são razoavelmente legíveis, A Ciência da Lógica, não. Isso porque quase todos os termos técnicos empregados por Hegel se definem por uma rede de remissões em que cada conceito adquire seu sentido pelo lugar que ocupa na rede de relações categoriais que, por sua vez, só são determinadas pelo mesmo método. Daí a dificuldade de encontrar um fio condutor que conduza o leitor de capítulo em capítulo. Os autores tentam, neste trabalho, num primeiro passo, traduzir o linguajar hegeliano – mesmo com a perda da riqueza que isso acarreta – para o inglês de hoje. Num segundo passo, é feita a tentativa de formalizar o que foi elaborado antes. – Não há a menor pretensão de fidelidade à ortodoxia hegeliana; muito pelo contrário, o que os autores consideraram erros do sistema foi objeto de tentativa de correção. Palavras-chave: dialética, Hegel, formalização

User behaviour analysis and personalized TV content recommendation

Nowadays, there are many channels and television (TV) programs available, and when the viewer is confronted with this amount of information has difficulty in deciding which wants to see. However, there are moments of the day that viewers see always the same channels or programs, that is, viewers have TV content consumption habits. The aim of this paper was to develop a recommendation system that to be able to recommend TV content considering the viewer profile, time and weekday. For the development of this paper, were used Design Science Research (DSR) and Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodologies. For the development of the recommendation model, two approaches were considered: a deterministic approach and a Machine Learning (ML) approach. In the ML approach, K-means algorithm was used to be possible to combine STBs with similar profiles. In the deterministic approach the behaviors of the viewers are adjusted to a profile that will allow you to identify the content you prefer. Here, recommendation system analyses viewer preferences by hour and weekday, allowing customization of the system, considering your historic, recommending what he wants to see at certain time and weekday. ML approach was not used due to amount of data extracted and computational resources available. However, through deterministic methods it was possible to develop a TV content recommendation model considering the viewer profile, the weekday and the hour. Thus, with the results it was possible to understand which viewer profiles where the ML can be used.COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013 and was developed in partnership with AlticeLab

Métodos de amostragem para avaliação quantitativa de pastagens.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar as principais técnicas utilizadas para coleta de amostras para determinação de forragem disponível na pastagem, considerando-se as vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma, visando fornecer subsídios para a tomada de decisão na hora de escolher o método mais adequado para cada situação.bitstream/item/24669/1/ct84-pastagem.pd

Assessment of the impact of conservation measures by modeling soil loss in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

ABSTRACT: Gullies are significant contributors to soil degradation in several regions of Brazil, including Minas Gerais, where erosion processes have caused soil loss. The characterization of erosion processes is crucial for the application of measures for recovering degraded areas and reducing erosion impacts. This study models soil loss with the use of InVEST software and assesses the impact of three different scenarios, namely (1) implementation of soil conservation practices and replacement of pasture areas for temporary agriculture, (2) reforestation of pasture areas, and (3) preservation of ciliary forests. Soil loss, sediment exportation, retention, and deposition for the present scenario (2019), as well as the three aforementioned hypothetical scenarios, were estimated. In the present scenario, the estimated mean annual soil loss was 2.75 t/ha year, with 1,449.54 t/year sediment exportation, 9,042.13 t/year retention, and 1,449.54 t/year deposition. The model predicted scenario 1 would result in 2.23 t/ha year mean annual soil loss, 1,300.59 t/year sediment exportation, 9,191.08 t/year retention, and 11,755.76 t/year deposition. Scenario 2 showed 1.92 t/ha year mean annual soil loss, 1,046.69 t/year sediment exportation, 9,444.98 t/year retention, and 10,229.77 t/year deposition, whereas the results for scenario 3 were 2.36 t/ha year, 616.65 t/year, 9,862.06 t/year, and 13,206.47 t/year, respectively. Reforestation and preservation of ciliary forests, along with soil conservation practices, were effective measures for reducing soil loss. Such findings are valuable for the management of areas degraded by erosion processes

The Color-Octet intrinsic charm in η′\eta^\prime and B→η′XB\to \eta^\prime X decays

Color-octet mechanism for the decay B\to \eta^\prime X is proposed to explain the large branching ratio of Br(B\to \eta^\prime X)\sim 1\times 10^{-3} recently announced by CLEO. We argue that the inclusive \eta^\prime production in B decays may dominantly come from the Cabbibo favored b\to (\bar c c)_8s process where \bar c c pair is in a color-octet configuration, and followed by the nonperturbative transition (\bar c c)_8\to \eta^\prime X. The color-octet intrinsic charm component in the higher Fock states of \eta^\prime is crucial and is induced by the strong coupling of \eta^\prime to gluons via QCD axial anomaly.Comment: 9 pages, RevTex, 1 PS figur