Standing balance in persistent whiplash: A comparison between subjects with and without dizziness

Objective: Dizziness and unsteadiness, associated with altered balance, are frequent complaints in subjects suffering persistent whiplash associated disorders. Research has been inconclusive with respect to possible aetiology. This study assessed balance responses in subjects with whiplash associated disorders, taking into account several possible causes

Application of Self-as-a-Model in Graduate and Undergraduate Counsellor Training

Training counsellors in empathetic responding with the self-as-a-model paradigmwas examined. Graduate and undergraduate counsellor trainees were randomly assigned to three treatment conditions. A written response exercise and a performance interview were administered to the trainees as pretest, posttest, and follow-up measures. Differences among treatment groups although in the expected direction were not significant. Graduate students, however, did perform significantly higher on both measures.Cette étude traite de la formation à l'empathie chez des conseillers et prend appui sur le paradigme du soi-en-tant-que-modèle. Des conseillers en formation, de premier et de deuxième cycle universitaire, sont assignés à trois conditions expérimentales distinctes. Des mesures sous forme d'un exercice avec réponses écrites, d'une part, et de rendement en entrevue, d'autre part, leur sont appliquées à trois moments différents (prétest, posttest, relance). Les différences entre les groupes, bien que dans la direction attendue, ne s'avèrent pas significatives. Il est toutefois à noter que les étudiants de deuxième cycle sont ceux qui enregistrent la meilleure performance, et ce, pour les deux genres de mesures