The effects of pharmacological treatment of ADHD on children's health

We are the first to investigate longer-term effects of pharmacological treatment of ADHD on children's health. We rely on a difference-in-differences strategy while exploiting Danish register-based panel data for children born in 1990-1999. We study effects of treatment initiated between ages five and ten and document that treated children benefit in terms of fewer hospital contacts in general, fewer emergency ward contacts, and fewer injuries. Estimated effects are large: early treatment is effective in reducing the probability of at least one hospital contact in a given year with around 30% compared to the mean. Effects are significantly smaller in later cohorts where more children are diagnosed and treated

Consequences of ADHD Medication Use for Children's Outcomes

This paper estimates effects of early ADHD medication use on key human capital outcomes for children diagnosed with ADHD while using rarely available register based data on diagnoses and prescription drug purchases. Our main identification strategy exploits plausible exogenous assignment of children to hospitals with specialist physicians, while our analysis of health outcomes also allows for an individual level panel data strategy. We find that the behavior of specialist physicians varies considerably across hospitals and that the prescribing behavior does affect the probability that a given child is treated. Results show that children diagnosed with ADHD in pharmacological treatment have fewer hospital contacts if treated and that treatment to some extent protects against criminal behavior

A TEM study of morphological and structural degradation phenomena in LiFePO₄-CB cathodes:Morphological and structural degradation in LiFePO4-CB cathodes

LiFePO4-based cathodes suffer from various degradation mechanisms which influences the battery performance. In this paper morphological and structural degradation phenomena in laboratory cathodes made of LiFePO4 (LFP) mixed with carbon black (CB) in an 1 mol L-1 LiPF6 in EC:DMC (1:1 by weight) electrolyte are investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) at various preparation, assembling, storage and cycling stages. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging shows that continuous SEI layers are formed on the LFP particles and that both storage and cycling affects the formation. Additionally loss of CB crystallinity, CB aggregation and agglomeration is observed. Charge-discharge curves and impedance spectra measured during cycling confirm that these degradation mechanisms reduce the cathode conductivity and capacity.Comment: 5 figures, 2 table, journal article in International Journal of Energy Research, 201