The development of Russian sports psychology in the international context : From the XIX to the XX Century

The article examines the major milestones of the development of sports psychology in Europe, as well as the establishment of international communities in the field of sports psychology in the period going from the XIX Century to the end of the XX Century. Moreover, the author describes the history of sports psychology in Russia, including its Soviet period, and in Eastern Europe. Social and political environment are taken into account as they were important constraints to the evolution of Russian sport psychology either in a positive and negative way.El artículo examina los principales hitos del desarrollo de la psicología del deporte en Europa, así como el establecimiento de comunidades internacionales en el campo de la psicología del deporte en el período comprendido entre el siglo XIX y el final del siglo XX. Además, el autor describe la historia de la psicología del deporte en Rusia, incluido su período soviético, y en Europa del Este. Se tienen en cuenta el entorno social y político, ya que son limitaciones importantes para la evolución de la psicología del deporte rusa, tanto de forma positiva como negativa.В статье рассматриваются основные вехи развития спортивной психологии в Европе, а также создание междуна-родных сообществ в области спортивной психологии в период между 19-м и концом 20-го века. Кроме того, автор описывает историю спортивной психологии в России, в том числе в ее советский период, и в Восточной Европе. Социально-политическая среда принимается во внимание, поскольку они являются важными ограничениями для развития российской спортивной психологии, как положительно, так и отрицательно

The Mindfulness- Based Soccer Program (MBSoccerP): Effects on Elite Athletes

Newly, 3º wave CBT programs suggest that mindfulness-based programs might be an powerful strategy to optimize performance and improve flow.The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based soccer program (MBSoccerP) on elite soccer athletes. In a quasi-experimental design with experimental (n = 28) and control group (n = 29), the effectiveness of MBSoccerP was tested. The results of an analysis of covariance with repeated measures indicate that the intervention group (M=25.68, SD=3.42) significantly improved in FFMQ_Act awareness, FFMQ_Non react, SCS_Mindfulness, SCS_Self-Kindness, SCS_Common-Humanity, DFS2_total, and decreased BSI_Anxiety and AAQ-II, as traits compared to the control group, and increase direct measures scores of sport performance FAIP-A_global and FAIP-T_global performance. Results suggest that MBSoccerP can be effective in enhance elite soccer performance, self-compassion, psychological flexibility, mindfulness and flow

Determinants of the intention to use performance-enhancing substances among Portuguese gym users

The present study examined the determinants of the intentions to use prohibited performance- enhancing substances (PES) and the hypothesis of gender and PES use influencing Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables. A TPB approach was used. A convenience sample of Portuguese gym users (n = 453) completed an anonymous web-based survey. Variance-based structural equation modeling, multigroup analysis strategy, latent mean analysis approach and one-way ANOVA analysis were used. The findings showed that, at structural level, results support the TPB framework in terms of characterizing and predicting intentions to PES use in the gym users sample, and that subjective norms were the strongest predictor of PES use intentions. Female and male differed in intentions to use PES, subjective norms and beliefs. However, the predictive model in study remains invariable in both groups. Concerning PES use, results showed the existence of a significant difference, regarding all the TPB´s constructs of the PES users and nonusers’ groups, and that the predictive capacity of each predictor was different for each group. Psychological strategies should be based on subjective norms, alongside beliefs and attitudes towards PES use, since these variables influence the intention to use PES in that particular population

Enhance Sport Performance of Elite Athletes: The Mindfulness-Based Interventions

The purpose of this review is to summarize the empirical findings on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programs to enhance elite athletes sport performance. A literature research was undertaken using Medline, Psych info, Web of Science, Cochrane, Ebscohost, Isi Web of Knowledge databases and references of retrieved articles. The search included original articles published from 1985 to March 2017. The main search terms were mindfulness programs, sport performance, elite athletes, in different combinations as needed. All articles were coded for their design, type of control, study population, and outcome measures. Search returned 26 articles, and set out 2 main mindfulness-based interventions on the field of elite sport performance. Despite methodological limitations in the research design, the results show MAC and MSPE programs as effective on enhancing elite athlete’s sports performance. To confirm these preliminary results, further research, with improved experimental designs, is recommended. Findings yielded mindfulness programs as an important factor on elite sport performance

Profile of gym-goers who do not use performance-enhancement substances

This project was supported by FCT/MCTES UIDP/05608/2020, and UIDB/05608/2020 – Health & Technology Research Center (H&TRC).Introduction: Currently the use of prohibited performance-enhancing substances (PES) in fitness and gym settings is a public health concern as adverse health consequences are emerging. Understanding the characteristics of gym-goers who do not use these substances could lead to an important complement to the ongoing research about risk factors for PES use. This study aimed to identify the profile of PES non-use in gym-goers. Methods: In total, 453 gym-goers (mean age = 35.64 years; SD = 13.08 - the measure of central tendency location and measure of absolute dispersion, respectively) completed an online survey assessing sociodemographic factors, exercise characteristics, gym modalities, peers, social influence, attitudes, subjective norms, beliefs, intentions, and self-reported use of PES. Results: Decision Trees showed that being a woman, training less frequently, not practicing bodybuilding, and having a negative intention to consume PES were identified as characteristics of non-users of PES. Discussion: These results may support evidence-based anti-doping interventions to prevent abusive use of PES in the fitness context.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A relacao interpessoal na diade treinador-atleta Desenvolvimento e aplicacao de um inventario de comportamentos ansiogenicos do treinador

Available from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Servico de Informacao e Documentacao, Av. D. Carlos I, 126, 1200 Lisboa / FCT - Fundação para o Ciência e a TecnologiaSIGLEPTPortuga

The development of Russian sports psychology in the international context : From the XIX to the XX Century

The article examines the major milestones of the development of sports psychology in Europe, as well as the establishment of international communities in the field of sports psychology in the period going from the XIX Century to the end of the XX Century. Moreover, the author describes the history of sports psychology in Russia, including its Soviet period, and in Eastern Europe. Social and political environment are taken into account as they were important constraints to the evolution of Russian sport psychology either in a positive and negative way.El artículo examina los principales hitos del desarrollo de la psicología del deporte en Europa, así como el establecimiento de comunidades internacionales en el campo de la psicología del deporte en el período comprendido entre el siglo XIX y el final del siglo XX. Además, el autor describe la historia de la psicología del deporte en Rusia, incluido su período soviético, y en Europa del Este. Se tienen en cuenta el entorno social y político, ya que son limitaciones importantes para la evolución de la psicología del deporte rusa, tanto de forma positiva como negativa.В статье рассматриваются основные вехи развития спортивной психологии в Европе, а также создание междуна-родных сообществ в области спортивной психологии в период между 19-м и концом 20-го века. Кроме того, автор описывает историю спортивной психологии в России, в том числе в ее советский период, и в Восточной Европе. Социально-политическая среда принимается во внимание, поскольку они являются важными ограничениями для развития российской спортивной психологии, как положительно, так и отрицательно

Fifty years with the International Journal of Sport Psychology: From the history of sport psychology to its actual pathways Introduction

Fifty years after its appearance as the very first journal specifically com- mitted to sport psychology, the International Journal of Sport Psychology (IJSP) is today a well reputed and well established scientific journal. Aimed at both researchers and practitioners, the papers published are often not just of academic interest, but also have practical applications too. After the first special issue looking back at the history of sport psychology, with this second issue we are interested to reflect about contemporary sport psychology and the actual role of the IJSP as a peer reviewed journal publishing and circulating research findings and theoretical speculation from sport psychologist over five continents (both scientists and practitioners) to learn from and build upon. The aim of this second special issue is than to underline how the historical background showed in the previous issue leaded sport psychology toward actual pathways, focusing on some new trends of research, as well as on the reorientation of some classic topics according to the society changes. Through the contribution of some invited scholars, the present issue would make a point trying to understand what changes sport psychology is facing, or has to face, in relation to some main issues