Authentic mass media in the english language laboratory

© 2020, Universidad del Zulia. All rights reserved. This article is devoted to the use of authentic media in the process of teaching a foreign language, namely articles of the English press at the lesson of the English language. We attempted to determine the importance and necessity of using media texts and their role in teaching foreign languages. The authors concluded that working with authentic texts helps students develop critical reading skills and universal educational actions, and also represents relevant and interesting material for study, as they introduce them to the natural language environment

Cultural and speech characteristics of the sounding word: A critical look at modern television speech

The article presents the results of a study of modern oral television speech in terms of its conformity / non-conformity with the norms of the literary language. The aim of the study was to establish the characteristics of the cultural-speech situation of television journalistic discourse. The objectives of the study are to identify and systematize the parameters of the violation of the language norm in the speech of educated people – T.V. journalists. The main methods of the undertaken research are observation, analysis, systematization, comparison, interpretation, generalization. The material of the study are the texts of the "News" and "Political talk show" genres, daily shown on the air of central Russian channels It has been established that violations of the norm of the literary language occur at all levels of the language system: phonetic, morphological, lexical, syntactic, as well as the level of textual organization of the utterance, which leads to the logical errors. As a result of the analysis, the authors come to the following conclusions: 1) modern television language comes into conflict with the canons of normative communication; 2) an avalanche-like violation of literary norms no longer testifies the democratization of the language, but its vulgarization, often a deliberate decrease in the cultural level of speech by journalists; 3) the turbulence of the norm in modern mass communication creates the conditions for the loss of the meaning-distinctive capabilities of linguistic units, for the weakening of the meaning of the sense-organizing rules for the combination of utterance components

Chronic endometritis in women with endometriosis-associated infertility

The article highlights modern ideas about the role of the endometrium in the genesis of reproductive failures. A crucial place of chronic endometritis in the structure of the endometrial infertility factor in endometriosis is noted. Given the frequent association of chronic endometritis and endometriosis, common features of these diseases have been identified. The characteristic of endometrial microbiota in infertility, chronic endometritis and endometriosis is given. An extremely important area of scientific research is precisely the interaction between the microbiota of the endometrium and its immunity, and not just the confirmation of the presence of microorganisms in the endometrium. The modern aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic endometritis and endometriosis are described. The main pathogenetic determinants of chronic endometritis are the failure of adaptation mechanisms to the constant effects of microbes and, as a consequence, the decrease and inferiority of the immune response and the development of autoimmune reactions. The modern paradigm for the development and progression of endometriosis involves the presence of bacterial contamination of the endometrium and the abdominal cavity, which in turn becomes a trigger for genetically-epigenetic modifications of cells, launching different cascades that underlie reproductive function disorders. The pathogenetically significant relationship between chronic endometritis and endometriosis is highlighted. It was revealed that chronic endometritis can be both a cause and a consequence of endometriosis. Disorders of the endometrial receptivity in chronic endometritis associated with endometriosis, their importance in the implementation of endometrial infertility are described. The important role of the microbiome in the formation of reproductive disorders is noted. © 2020 Gynecology. All rights reserved

Ovarian endometriosis associated infertility: A modern view to the problem

This review summarizes current understanding of the pathogenesis of one of the most common forms of external genital endometriosis - ovarian endometrioma's. Due to their frequent occurrence in young women of reproductive age and extremely negative impact on the morphophysiological state of the ovaries, this disease makes a significant contribution to the structure of endometriosis-associated infertility. The main determinant of the negative effect of ovarian endometrioma's on reproductive function is a decrease in ovarian reserve, which can occur either due to the direct gonadotoxic effect of the endometriod cyst itself, or due to the unintentional removal of healthy ovarian tissue during surgery or the use of aggressive methods of electrosurgery. Hence, the question of methods for achieving hemostasis during surgery in terms of iatrogenic effects on healthy ovarian tissue is debatable. The management strategy for patients with infertility associated with ovarian endometriosis consists of two components: Surgical treatment and/or the use of assisted reproductive technologies. Laparoscopic cystectomy is indicated for cysts larger than 3 cm. Repeated surgical interventions in case of endometriosis do not improve fertility outcomes. Assisted reproductive technologies methods should be considered as a priority tactic in patients of older reproductive age with low ovarian reserve indicators or infertility duration of more than 2 years, as well as in cases of recurrent ovarian endometrioma's. Management of such patients must be personalized and take into account the age, state of the ovarian reserve, duration of infertility, stage and number of surgical interventions for this disease. © 2020 Gynecology. All rights reserved

Endometriosis-associated infertility: Options of combined therapy

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of using didrogesterone in combined therapy of endometriosis-associated. Patients and methods. The study included patients with infertility and verified diagnosis of ovarian endometriosis. The screening involved 108 women, of them 75 corresponded to the inclusion criteria. They were divided into two statistically comparable groups depending on a therapy option aimed at management of infertility. Group 1 (n = 36) included patients who underwent only surgical treatment, group 2 (n = 39) – women, who received combined therapy (surgical treatment + didrogesterone 10 mg/day from the 14th to the 25th day of the menstrual cycle for 6 months). The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by the incidence of clinical pregnancy within a 12-month follow-up period and, in case of pregnancy occurrence, by its outcomes. Results. As has been found, pregnancy incidence in women who received combined therapy exceeds by 1.6 times the results in the group of patients who underwent only surgical: 69.2 vs. 44.4%, p = 0.03. In combined treatment with the use of didrogesterone in the second phase of the cycle, the percentage of live births from the total number of pregnancies was significantly higher (by 1.3 times) as compared with group 1, and taking into consideration a greater incidence of pregnancy, the chances of successful management of infertility were by 2.4 times higher with inclusion of didrogesterone in therapy: 59.0% (23 of 39) in group 2 and only 25.0% (9 of 36) in group 1 (p = 0.0029). Conclusion. The use of didrogesterone as post-operative therapy and pregravid preparation of patients with endometriosis-associated infertility significantly improves the effectiveness of treatment and reproductive outcomes. © 2020, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved

Current knowledge on endometriosis etiology: A systematic review of literature

Objective: To review the mechanisms of endometriosis development, including those related to epigenetic mutations, cellular dysregulation, inflammatory processes, and oxidative stress. Methods: A systematic literature review regarding current aspects of endometriosis etiology, genesis and development was performed using the PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary databases. Keywords included endometriosis, etiology, development, genesis, associations and mechanisms. A multilingual search was performed. Results: Several mechanisms underline the pathophysiological pathways for endometriosis development. Epigenetic mutations, external and internal influences, and chronic conditions have a significant impact on endometriosis development, survival and regulation. Several historically valid theories on endometriosis development were discussed, as well as updated findings. Conclusion: Despite recent advances, fundamental problems in understanding endometriosis remain unresolved. The identification of unknown circulating epithelial progenitors or stem cells that are responsible for epithelial growth in both the endometrium and endometriotic foci seems to be the next step in solving these questions. © 2021 Mikhaleva et al