Implementation of pipelined data encryption standard (DES) using altera CPLD

The paper presents a pipelined data encryption standard (DES) architecture design implemented in Altera CPLD. The architecture contains three main parts, DES module, pipeline module and control unit module. A four-segment pipeline is used in this architecture to burst the throughput of the DES. Although the processing time for a single encryption operation is still the same; but with more encryption operations, this pipelined DES can increase significantly the throughput. Altera Hardware Description Language (AHDL) is used to implement the pipelined DES desig

Analysis And Classification Of Heart Sounds And Murmurs Based On The Instantaneous Energy And Frequency Estimations

This paper proposes the use of the instantaneous energy and the frequency estimation in the classification of the heart sounds and murmurs for common heart diseases. It has been known that the present of the heart murmurs in one's heart sound indicates that there is a potential heart problem. Thus, the goal of this work is to develop a technique for detecting and classifying murmurs. Such a technique can be used as part of a heart diagnostic system. The analysis is performed based on a set of 102 data for various heart sounds. To discriminate the various heart sounds, the instantaneous energy and frequency estimation is used to estimate the features of heart sound. The techniques used to estimate the instantaneous frequency are the central finite difference frequency estimation (CFDFE) and zero crossing frequency estimation (ZCFE). From the instantaneous energy and frequency estimate, the energy and frequencies of the heart sounds are defined as the features of the heart sounds that can uniquely discriminate the various heart sound

Closed-form 3-D position estimation lateration algorithm reference pair selection technique for a multilateration system

The position estimation (PE) accuracy of the lateration algorithm of a multilateration system depends on several factors. These factors include the number of ground receiving station (GRS)s deployed, the approach to the lateration algorithm, the geometry of the deployed GRSs, the number of GRS used as reference for the lateration algorithm and the choice of GRS used as reference to generate the time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements for the lateration algorithm. A closed-form reference pair lateration algorithm based on a total of five GRSs is developed and a technique for selecting the suitable GRS reference pair to generate the TDOA measurements to be used with lateration algorithm is suggested. The technique is based on condition number computation and selecting the GRS pair with the least condition number as a reference for the closed-form lateration algorithm. The suggested technique is validated using 5-square and pentagon GRS configurations at some selected aircraft positions. The validation results show that the suggested technique can be used to determine the suitable GRS reference pair to generate the TDOA measurements for a passive multilateration system

Closed-Form 3-D Position Estimation Lateration Algorithm Reference Pair Selection Technique for a Multilateration System

The position estimation (PE) accuracy of the lateration algorithm of a multilateration system depends on several factors. These factors include the number of ground receiving station (GRS)s deployed, the approach to the lateration algorithm, the geometry of the deployed GRSs, the number of GRS used as reference for the lateration algorithm and the choice of GRS used as reference to generate the time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements for the lateration algorithm. A closed-form reference pair lateration algorithm based on a total of five GRSs is developed and a technique for selecting the suitable GRS reference pair to generate the TDOA measurements to be used with lateration algorithm is suggested. The technique is based on condition number computation and selecting the GRS pair with the least condition number as a reference for the closed-form lateration algorithm. The suggested technique is validated using 5-square and pentagon GRS configurations at some selected aircraft positions. The validation results show that the suggested technique can be used to determine the suitable GRS reference pair to generate the TDOA measurements for a passive multilateration system

Analysis and classification of airborne radar signal types using time-frequency analysis

An electronic support (ES) system is used by the military for intelligence gathering, threat detection, and as a support to the electronic attack system. Its main feature is to determine the frequency parameters and pulse characteristics of the received radar signal. The estimated signal parameters are then used as input to a classifier network to determine the identity of the received signal. This paper describes airborne radar signal type analysis and classification (ARTAC) system that uses the spectrogram to obtain the time-frequency representation (TFR) and apply analysis tools such as the instantaneous energy, instantaneous frequency and other related tools to estimate various signal parameters. The estimated parameters are used as input to the rule-based classifier which classifies the signal appropriately. Monte-Carlo simulation is then carried out to determine the accuracy of signal classification at various signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The method used achieves 90 percent classification accuracy at SNR of 6.2dB