Evaluation of Tetanus Vacination Status of Pregnant Mothers Referring to Delivery Wards, Yazd

Introduction: Tetanus is a serious infectious disease and the most common cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries. Although neonatal tetanus (NT) can be prevented by immunization of expectant mothers, good hygiene and asepsis during delivery, total eradication of organism is not possible. Methods: The cross-sectional study was done on 480 pregnant women after delivery. Data was collected by a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS windows software program. Results: Prenatal immunization rate (complete and partial) was 65/2% and 34/8%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the vaccination status and age, education of mother, parity and length of time between pregnancy and previous pregnancy. The reasons reported by non immunized mothers (not receiving the two dose vaccine) included complete tetanus vaccination coverage before pregnancy, lack of awareness about the needs for vaccination, improper counseling by persons responsible for antenatal care, e.t.c. Conclusion: Considering the results of the study, it is proposed that a complete history of the pregnant woman recorded at the first antenatal visit should be the basis of counseling and education of the woman and prenatal care staff should be also be fully educated

Barriers and Motivators Related to Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening

Introduction: modern knowledge could protect against cancer for individuals in community with early stage and premalignat state. Screening of cancer is best instrument for early detection of malignancy. Between women’s cancers breast and cervical cancer have more incidence and mortality than other cancers . But could be prevented by simple and cheep screening programs. Despite specific statistics in Iran evidence shows that women’s participation in screening program is poor , so cancers are diagnosed in advanced stage. The purpose of this study was to identify major barriers and motivators for breast and cervical screening . Methods: This survey was a descriptive study in which 400 women participated in health and treatment centers in Yazd. Sampling method was done in two simple and random stages. Data was collected by inventory and questionnaire . Then data were analyzed by SPSS soft ware . Results: Findings showed that 80% of them never refereed to a health provider for clinical breast exam (C B E) and only 3% of them did regularly C B E . 46% of them had never done pap smear and only 14.5 % of them did regularly pap smear. The findings showed that major motivators were as follow: advice of health’s personnel , using of contraceptive methods , and awareness of media. Also the major barriers were as follow : Not having knowledge of these exams , not having knowledge of the existence of these centers of education and practice , not having precious health problems , fear of examination , Embarrassment of examination and health providers not to teach them . to consider the most important barriers were propounded which showed that health education role to eliminate barriers for referring women for screening . Discussion: Based on the results of this sample , screening was the least expected . considering barriers and motivators observed it was revealed that health education was required for prevention of common women’s cancers. Also considering the role of health providers in promoting health of community population and for health centers attracting them for participation in health program , It is appropriate to plan education health programs to eliminate barriers and to strengthen motivators of referring women for screening common centers in women

An Assessment of the Learning Method of Clinical Skills from the Viewpoint of Midwifery Graduates

Introduction: The promotion of clinical education quality requires the continuous investigation of the current status, identifying its strong potentialities, and modifying its weak points. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical education status at Tehran University of Medical Sciences form the viewpoint of students of nursing and midwifery. Method : In this descriptive study, all the senior BS students of nursing and senior post diploma students of midwifery studying in the last semester including a total of 250 subjects were asked to fill in a self-administered 36-item questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS using frequency distribution. Results : The most important strong points of clinical education were: instructors' proper treatment and approach toward students, punctual attendance of trainers, instructors and students, observing the prerequisites for practical training, following the stages of clinical education, instructors' complete support of students, and sufficient supervision on the course of clinical education, respectively. The most significant weak points of clinical education included: lack of use of teaching aids in the clinical environment, lack of sufficient facilities, lack of instructors clinical evaluation by students, lack of harmony between theoretical and practical courses. Conclusion : Though some aspects of clinical education are in an excellent state, reinforcing and improving the strong positive points and removing the weak points can function as an effective step in promoting the quality of clinical education. Through frequent assessments of the clinical setting and comparing the present status to the past, the strong and weak points can be determined and enumerated

Viewpoints of students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical

Introduction: Academic advisors have been proven important in students’ success. Insufficient guidance and counseling can delay professional and educational achievements. Proper counseling can provide opportunities for educational success and also positive change students’ behavioral models. This study was accomplished with the purpose of assigning the function of advisors from the viewpoint of the students. Methods: This descriptive study was done on 385 students of Shahid Sadoughi University. Randomized stratified sampling was used. The data were collected by completing the self-reported questionnaire and then were analyzed by SPSS software. Advisors’ functions in each of the items were evaluated. The significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: The majority of samples were from Nursing, Midwifery, and Public Health School and a few from Faculty of Medicine. The majority of students (41.8%) agreed to have the same advisor from the first term to the last. Also the results showed that the functions of advisors were poor in the areas of constant supervision and monitoring of students’ educational status (35.8%), preparing the timetable for performing the personal or group counseling (41.8%) and providing counseling sessions according to the timetable (42.3%). But their functions were fair in the areas of acceptable guidance of students in the educational problems (35.1%), and the advisor’s familiarity to educational regulations (43.9%). It is necessary to note that the advisor's ability in making the intimate relationship with students (37.1%), and the advisors’ motivation and tendency to guidance and counseling (30.1%) were the two items evaluated excellent by students. Conclusion: It is necessary that advisors make the students familiar with educational regulations at the first semester of higher education. Also, the policies and regulations for advisors will clarify their activities and will help them to perform better

Nursing graduates\' views regarding the use of specialized courses in clinical training

Abstract Introduction: The gap between what is taught in the classroom and at the bedside to provide services is a major problem in training of nursing and midwifery students. This study aims to investigate the views of nursing and midwifery personnel in relation to the clinical application of nursing and midwifery courses. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated all nursing and midwifery staff employed by the government hospital in Yazd city with work experience of 6 months to 5 years. The data collection tools was a questionnaire consisted of two parts demographics data and viewpoints of clinical application of training courses. Results: Principles and skills of nursing (97.0 ± 95.3), intensive care nursing (1.05 ± 3.80)، medical and surgical nursing 3 and 4 gained the highest score and community health gained the lowest score. The highest mean scores in midwifery were related to obstetrics and maternal and child nutrition and Anesthetics gained the lowest score Conclusions: Coordination between theoretical learning and clinical nursing and midwifery services should be improved. Decision makers should consider these findings to improve the quality of low score courses

An Investigation into Effectiveness of Date(Rutab) on Postpartum Hemorrhage

Introduction: Postpartom hemorrhage is one of the most major problems that threaten the mothers' health and is regarded as one of the most important reasons for mortality specially in the developing countries. So far, many studies have been conducted in regard to effectiveness of chemical and herbal medicine on decrease of Postpartom hemorrhage. This study aimed to investigate effectiveness of date (Rutab) on postpartum hemorrhage. Methods: This is a clinical trial study in which 94 subjects, having the adequate criteria for the research, were selected in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital. The participants were divided into two groups. In the first group, immediately after placenta delivery infusion, 20 unit oxytocin in 1000 ml 5% dextrose in water with normal salin solution(group 1) were given, whereas in the second group, infusion of 10 unit oxytocin in 1000 ml 5% dextrose in water with normal salin solution associated with 100 gram date ( Rutab) were given and the patients were required to have them in 10 minutes. At the same time a plastic and a cotton sheet were widen under the patients. Blood loss was determined by regular weighting of the buttocks that were previously weighted. The difference was calculated before and after weight (1 gram increase in weight was considered to be equivalent to 1ml blood). Data were submitted to SPSS software and then analyzed by T-test, Chi-squre, Mann-whitney. Results: The two groups were homogenous in regard to all the variables. The study results indicated that the bleeding mean was 127/11 ml at the two hour after delivery in the first group and 68/5 ml in the second group. There was a significant difference between postpartum hemorrhages of the two groups Conclusion: Since date(Rutab) was more effective than infusion oxytocin on post partum hemorrhage and no side effect was reported for that, it is recommended that its significance will be prposed to related specialist. Moreover, extra investigations are necessitated for future studies