The Impaired Balances of Oxidant/Antioxidant and COX-1/COX-2 in Ovarian Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Prevention by Nimesulide

WOS: 000321086300017The aims of this study were to investigate the association of ovarian I/R injury with oxidant/antioxidant and cyclooxygenase activity and to examine the effect of nimesulide in I/R injury. Rats were divided into four groups: sham group, ischemia-reperfusion group (IR), nimesulide 25 mg/kg group (NIM 25), and nimesulide 50 mg/kg group (NIM 50). The severe oxidative stress and inflammation that occurred in the ovarian tissue treated I/R were recovered by treatment of nimesulide. The histopathological findings, severe haemorrhage, oedema, vascular congestion accompanied with migration and adhesion of polimorphonuclear leukocytes in the endothelium were observed in the IR group that MDA, MPO and COX-2 levels were found high whereas GSH and COX-1 levels were found low. The severe histopathological findings in IR group were moderate in NIM-25 group whereas those were slight in NIM-50 group. This finding suggests that nimesulide prevents injury due to reperfusion following ischemia better when used with dosage 50 mg/kg

Plant Growth Characteristics in Watermelon Grafted onto Different Bottle Gourds (Lagenaria siceraria) Collected from Southern and Western Part of Turkey

We studied the plant characteristics of Crimson Tide (CT) watermelon cultivar was grafted onto 21 bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria (Malign) Stanley) landraces collected from southern and western part of Turkey and two commercial hybrid rootstocks [Argentario (Arg) and Macis]. Grafted plants were grown in eight-l pot filled with mixture of peat:perlite (2:1) in unheated greenhouse for six weeks in spring season of 2008. Plants were harvested six weeks after transplanting. We determined rootstock and scion hypocotyl diameter, main stem diameter, main stem length, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of root, aerial parts of plants and fruit. All the grafted plants had thicker rootstocks, scion and main stem diameter than ungrafted control plants. Grafted plants had higher values than control plants as regarded to main stem length, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of roots, aerial parts of plants and fruit. In general, all the grafted plants produced two to three folds more biomass than the ungrafted control plants

Vegetative compatibility groups of Verticillium dahliae from cotton in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey

WOS: 000253021900010Eighty isolates of Verticillium dahliae from the southeastern Anatolia region and 20 isolates from the east Mediterranean region from wilted cotton plants were used for vegetative compatibility analysis employing nitrate non-utilizing mutants and reference tester strains of vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 1A, 2A, 2B, 3, 4A and 4B. Of the 100 V dahliae isolates, 49 were assigned to VCG1A, 39 to VCG2B, nine to VCG2A and three to VCG4B. Pathogenicity assays were conducted on susceptible cotton cv. Cukurova 1518 in the greenhouse. All VCG1A isolates induced defoliation and all VCG2B isolates caused partial defoliation symptoms. Isolates of VCG2A and VCG4B caused typical symptoms of leaf chlorosis without defoliation. This is the first report on VCGs of V. dahliae in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey, which demonstrates that VCG1A of the cotton-defoliating type and VCG2B of the partially defoliating type are prevalent in this region

Vegetative compatibility groups in Verticillium dahliae isolates from olive in western Turkey

WOS: 000250580700008Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is the most serious disease in olive cultivation areas in western Turkey. Two hundred and eight isolates of V. dahliae from olive (Olea europea var. sativa) trees were taken for vegetative compatibility analysis using nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants. One isolate did not produce a nit mutant. Nit mutants of 207 isolates were tested against tester strains of internationally known vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) 1A, 2A, 2B, 3, 4A and 4B, and also paired in many combinations among themselves. One hundred and eighty nine of the isolates (90.9%) were strongly compatible with T9, the tester strain of VCG1A, and thus were assigned to VCG1A. Eight isolates were assigned to VCG2A and four isolates to VCG4B. One isolate was heterokaryon self-incompatible (HSI) and five isolates could not be grouped to any of the VCGs tested. Pathogenicity assays were conducted on a susceptible olive cultivar (O. europea cv. Manzanilla) and a susceptible local cotton cultivar (Gossypium hirsutum cv. Cukurova 1518). Both cotton and olive inoculated with all VCG1A isolates showed defoliating symptoms in greenhouse tests. This is the first report on VCGs in V. dahliae from olive trees in Turkey which demonstrates that VCG1A of the cotton-defoliating type is the most commonly detected form from olive plants in the western part of Turkey

Engineering of a fungal laccase to develop a robust, versatile and highly-expressed biocatalyst for sustainable chemistry

12 p.-12 fig.-1 tab.Fungal laccases can play an important role as biocatalysts in organic chemistry to replace chemical synthesis. In a previous work we synthesized conductive polyaniline using a high-redox potential laccase from our collection of recombinant fungal variants. Still, the oxidation of aniline is hindered by the reaction conditions (low pH and presence of anionic surfactants). Thus, we tackle here the directed evolution of the enzyme assisted by computational simulation aiming at improving aniline oxidation at the required polymerization conditions while maintaining the enzyme's substrate promiscuity. Simultaneously, its secretion by the host used for the engineering (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was enhanced. Then, the improved laccase variant was overproduced in the industrial host Aspergillus oryzae and assayed for one-pot synthesis of polyaniline and naphtol-derived dyes whose textile dyeing properties were verified in an industrial environment. Finally, modification of its C-terminal tail further enhanced laccase stability by flexibilization of the region. The resulting biocatalyst displays noticeable stability at high temperature and extreme pH while shows improved k(cat) values on the different substrates tested. Moreover, it is remarkably produced in S. cerevisiae at rates not formerly reported in the literature. These facts, together with the overexpression in A. oryzae opens new scenarios for its further development and application.This work has been funded by the INDOX EU project (KBBE- 2013-7-613549), the Spanish projects BIO2017-86559-R and CTQ2016-79138-R and the BBI JU project WoodZymes (H2020-BBI-JU-792070). We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).Peer reviewe

A novel azoanthraquinone dye made through innovative enzymatic process

The enzymatic synthesis of an azoanthraquinone by Perenniporia ochroleuca MUCL 41114 laccase was undertaken. The major product was purified and its structure identified by NMR, MS, IR analyses. In order to scale Lip the production of this azoanthraquinone named Laccase Acid Red 1, a commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor immobilised on perlite as an inexpensive carrier was used. Laccase Acid Red 1 showed lower toxicity than other commercial red dyes, was not mutagenic and displayed low ecotoxicity. In addition, its dyeing properties were assayed on polyamide and the industrial potential of the dye was demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first example of sulfonic azoanthraquinone production through enzymatic coupling of aromatic amine monomers. These results show promise for new, safer and environmental friendly routes to azo dye biosynthesis. (C) 2009 Elsevier ltd. All rights reserved

Is intraarticular sodium hyaluronate injection an alternative treatment in patients with adhesive capsulitis?

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of sodium hyaluronate (SH) injection with the most common treatment methods, intraarticular steroid injection and physical therapy modalities in patients with adhesive capsulitis (AC). A total of 95 shoulders of 90 patients were included in the study and were randomized in four groups. The patients were treated with SH injection (group 1), triamsinolone acetonide (group 2) or physical therapy modalities (group 3). Group 4 patients were served as controls. Pain severity, passive ranges of motion and functional considerations were measured before, and 15 days and 3 months after the treatments. In all treatment groups, there were significant improvements at both the 15th day and third month in all parameters (for each, p < 0.001). The passive abduction values on the 15th day was found significantly higher in group 3 when compared with group 1 and controls (for each, p < 0.001). At the third month, the passive abduction values of the groups 2 and 3 were improved when compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Constant score was higher in group 3 on 15th day when compared with group 1. At the third month, all treatment groups were improved significantly compared with control group (p < 0.001). We provided the best results in physical therapy modalities applied group for AC treatment. However, we think that SH injection may be administered as an alternative treatment method