Case Examples in Clinical Supervision: The Challenge of Mandated Child Abuse Reporting

Mandated reporting, while an ethical and legal requirement, often stirs emotions in mental health professionals that may prevent them from making the report. Fear, anxiety and countertransference may all interfere with good judgment. The Clinical Supervisor maintains the responsibility to ensure reports are made but must also address the clinician’s emotional concerns. This article presents two case studies that illustrate ways a supervisor can support the supervisee through mandated reporting, and what can happen when a supervisee fails to comply with the legal mandate

How can Research Programme Consortia contribute to capacity development in Low and Middle Income Countries?

Capacity in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to conduct and apply evidence from health systems research is limited due to historically low investment in the field, fragmented funding with a predominance of very small scale grants, a lack of systematic approaches to capacity development, and limited direct investment in capacity development for health systems research. In light of this, and broader concerns about inequities in global health research capacities, the research strategy of the UK Department for International Development (DFID) has an explicit results area focussed on strengthening capacity to conduct and use research. Accordingly, DFID requires all of the RPCs that it supports to dedicate a proportion of their funding to research capacity development. This brief reflects upon the experience of FHS, a DFID funded RPC, with research capacity development. While FHS espoused a strong commitment to capacity development and put together a package of related strategies to support research capacity development among its partner organizations, these strategies met with varying degrees of success. We consider which types of capacity development strategies may work best for RPCs and under what circumstances.UK Ai

Why good financial records are worth the effort

Accounting. Taxes. Payroll. Recordkeeping. Necessary, but confusing at times. Thorough and accurate recordkeeping of all revenues and expenses related to your business is essential and goes beyond financial and tax reporting. Why you should seek help from the pro

Saturation points—know your market before you jump

What may appear at first glance as a growing industry in your area with substantial opportunity may in fact be an industry with too many players already in that market. How do you decide to take the plunge with your start up

Boomers vs. Gen Y—the new communication gap

A key issue between Baby Boomer managers and Generation Y employees is a difference of opinion on how often feedback regarding performance should be administered and the mode of feedback that is appropriate. Effective communication is essential for performance and productivity

Where three oceans meet : the Algulhas retroflection region

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 1988The highly energetic Agulhas Retroflection region south of the African continent lies at the junction of the South Indian, South Atlantic, and Circumpolar Oceans. A new survey of the Agulhas Retroflection taken in March 1985, plus historical hydrographic data, allow its dynamical and water-mass characteristics, and its role in exchanging mass, tracers, and vorticity between the three oceans, to be extensively characterized. The 1985 survey is composed of three independent, synoptic elements: a grid of closely-spaced, full-water-depth hydrographic stations (the first entirely full-water-column survey in this area), including several transects of the Agulhas and Agulhas Return Currents; a continuous survey of the path of the currents (the first such survey in the Agulhas); and a contemporaneous and relatively cloud-free sea surface temperature image derived from satellite infrared measurements. Mass transport balances within the closed grid boxes of the 1985 hydrographic survey provide information about current transport, recirculation (transport in excess of estimated returning interior ocean transport), and the overall Retroflection transport pattern. The current transport values exceed by as much as a factor of 1.5 the maximum interior transport computed from observed wind-stress curl and linear theory. Agulhas Current transports ranged from 56 to 95 x 106 m s-l at four 1985 transects crossing the current. Agulhas Return Current transports at the two 1985 transects were 54 and 65 x 106 m s-l. These transports are computed relative to 2400 dbar, which lies below the deep oxygen minimum emanating from the South Indian Ocean, and above the North Atlantic Deep Water salinity maximum. The current retroflected in two distinct branches in 1985, with a cold ring and a partially isolated warm recirculation cell found between the two branches. The satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) image, in agreement with the in situ measurements, showed that the cold ring lacked a cold SST anomaly; that the subsurface current path, as represented by a survey of the 15 C isotherm and 200 dbar surface intersection, was closely followed by a sharp front in sea surface temperature; and that most of the Agulhas's surface warm core retroflected upstream of the second retroflection branch. Anticyclonic curvature vorticity at sharp turns in the subsurface current path was found to exceed the maximum allowed by gradient wind balance, indicating that at these locations time-dependence and cross-frontal flow are important. The current's density field is found to meet necessary conditions for baroclinic and barotropic instability. These instability mechanisms may play a role in ring formation and current meandering. Top-to-bottom cross-stream spatial and isopycnal water-mass layering in the Agulhas Current, Agulhas Return Current, and associated rings are presented in two sets of sections, one contoured with pressure and the other with potential density as vertical coordinate. Temperature, salinity, oxygen, potential density and velocity sections are shown contoured versus pressure; and pressure, salinity, oxygen, and planetary potential vorticity are shown contoured versus potential density. These sections clearly illustrate water-mass structure both in space and relative to isopycnal surfaces. Strong salt, oxygen, and potential vorticity fronts on isopycnals in the upper -300 m across the Agulhas and Agulhas Return Current are observed, as are deep western boundary filaments of (i) salty, low oxygen water at intermediate depths traceable to Red Sea Water influences, and (ii) salty North Atlantic Deep Water close round the tip of Africa. The 1985 cold-core ring is the first cold-cored isolated feature to be observed within the Retroflection itself. Its transport was 64 x 106 m s-1, its integrated kinetic and available potential energy anomalies were 8.3 and 61 x 1015 J respectively, and its integrated planetary potential vorticity anomaly was 2.8 x 10-12 m-1 s-1. The potential vorticity flux associated with the exchange of 25 warm ring/cold ring pairs per year between the South Indian and Southern Oceans would balance the potential vorticity input by the wind to the entire South Indian Ocean. Interbasin flow of warm thermocline water (warmer than 8 C) from the South Indian to the South Atlantic Ocean is reconsidered in light of the 1985 hydrographic data. Thermocline water flow from the South Indian Ocean into the South Atlantic in the 1985 and historical observations is found to range from 2.8 to <9.6 x 106 m s-I. These values are less than the S;10 x 106 m s·1 needed to balance the Atlantic Ocean export of deep water, and implies that the deep water export is balanced in part by water colder than 8 C.Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract numbers NOOOI4-84-C-OI34 (NR083-400), NOOOI4-85-C-OOOl (NR083-004), and NOOOI4-87-K-0007 (NR083-004)

Dreams and Reality: A Storyteller\u27s Look at Life

These pages tour the wanderings of a storyteller\u27s mind and snippets of life in the forms of non-fiction, fiction, and poetry, though not always in that particular order. The topically arranged pieces first delve into the meaning of being a storyteller. This involves having half of one\u27s mind in another place and putting on the mantles of different characters. After finishing with the theme, the collection turns to fiction with a selection of stories and poems. Turning from fiction, the collection touches upon real life pain, struggles, grief, and growing. Each provides snippets of life adding a backdrop to the storyteller\u27s daydreams. The last part records aspects of childhood through poetic and observational non-fiction about home and hobbies before concluding with a dream