From Science to License: An exploratory analysis of the value of academic patents

This paper analyses the industrial and entrepreneurial value of 334 patent families applied for by six major Belgian universities. It identifies the value determinants underlying the patent documents and highlights the positive and significant impact of collaboration and tacit scientific knowledge of the inventors’ team on the probability to get licensed. It also shows that there are technological differences between patents licensed to existing companies and the ones licensed to spin-offs. It suggests that existing companies are more likely to license technologies to be cited by academia when spin-offs exploit academic patents that are cited by the industry. These results advocate that existing companies and start-ups are two different valorisation patterns to commercialise different types of academic technologies. The paper stresses also the importance of collaboration between public and corporate research teams in order to get patent licensed. It pleads for a better management and valorisation sheme of patents co-applied for by many academic assignees and draws attention on the need to focus on academic researchers with a high scientific profile in terms of publications in order to crystallize their tacit knowledge into valuable patents.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Science vs Technology: a faculty dilemma? 35 years of patenting at the School of Engineering and Applied Science of Columbia University.

In the large and complex debate related to the creation, diffusion and protection of academic research results, this paper intends to understand the characteristics of academics involved in the knowledge creation as measured by publications and patents. Moreover, it aims to produce some piece of evidence that it is possible to manage patenting activity without jeopardizing publishing. Analysing the publishing and patenting activity of the 326 faculty members of the School of Engineering at Columbia University between 1970 and 2005, we find out that more than the Bayh-Dole Act, it is the implementation of the IP policy at Columbia University that has created an incentive to patent at the engineering school. We also find out that the probability and propensity to patent is influenced by the scientific production of a researcher, his contacts with industry but also his mindset towards patenting. Analysing the scientific productivity of the researchers, we confirm that heterogeneity in the career might deter the productivity of a researcher. We find that scientific collaboration with industry and technological collaboration on application-oriented projects with public or industrial partners had a positive impact on the probability to be among the best scientists. Finally our results suggest that patenting activity undertaken by Columbia University does not divert academics from publishing and relay the recent findings of the literature.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Science vs Technology: a faculty dilemma? 35 years of patenting at the School of Engineering and Applied Science of Columbia University.

In the large and complex debate related to the creation, diffusion and protection of academic research results, this paper intends to understand the characteristics of academics involved in the knowledge creation as measured by publications and patents. Moreover, it aims to produce some piece of evidence that it is possible to manage patenting activity without jeopardizing publishing. Analysing the publishing and patenting activity of the 326 faculty members of the School of Engineering at Columbia University between 1970 and 2005, we find out that more than the Bayh-Dole Act, it is the implementation of the IP policy at Columbia University that has created an incentive to patent at the engineering school. We also find out that the probability and propensity to patent is influenced by the scientific production of a researcher, his contacts with industry but also his mindset towards patenting. Analysing the scientific productivity of the researchers, we confirm that heterogeneity in the career might deter the productivity of a researcher. We find that scientific collaboration with industry and technological collaboration on application-oriented projects with public or industrial partners had a positive impact on the probability to be among the best scientists. Finally our results suggest that patenting activity undertaken by Columbia University does not divert academics from publishing and relay the recent findings of the literature.Academia; Patent; Publication

Essais sur la valeur des brevets universitaires et le transfert de technologie

Around the world, knowledge and technology transfer have moved to the forefront of attention in economic, social and industrial policy. As the origins of future development increasingly derives from innovation, attention is paid more and more to non-traditional sources that have the potential to become the basis for creation of new businesses or the catalyser for the rejuvenation of old ones. Among those sources, we find university. These last years, academic patents have been one of the emerging phenomena witnessing the growing evolvement of university in the innovation process. The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to analyse the transfer of technology from university to industry through the analysis of patents. This work pursuits a threefold approach. First, it intends to analyse which characteristics determine the propensity of a university to get involved in technology transfer and more specifically to apply for a patent. Second, it disentangles the underlining value determinants of the patents to decode the value of academic patents and to identify the research processes that are leading to the most valuable inventions. Finally, it investigates the relevancy of academic patenting for innovation in general and wonders if on the long run, such practices could put innovation at risk.Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Insight into the patenting performance of Belgian universities

The objective of this paper is to provide an in-depth analysis of the patenting performances of six Belgian universities over the period 1985-1999. Beside the evolution of the number of patent families, we provide insights about the potential value of these patents (through forward patent citations analysis), about the institutional sources of the knowledge (through non patent citations and backward patent citations), about their international patenting strategy, and the type of co-assignee. The results show that KUL is by far the most productive university in Belgium (both in terms of the number of patent applications and the number of forward citations per patent). This is due to a size effect, a longer history of patenting academic inventions, to a focus on bio-tech patents and to a very productive collaboration with the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. There is however a clear indication that a catching up process by other universities is taking place, in terms of both the quantity of patent applications and their quality.Patent value; Academic patents; Knowledge sources.

Value and technological impact of academic patents

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

From sciences to license: an exploratory analysis of the value of adcademic patents

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

The institutional sources of knowledge and the value of academic patents.

This paper puts forward new potential determinants of patent value which are mainly related to the identification of institutional sources of knowledge and the geographic scope of patenting strategy. The impact of these new indicators is evaluated through an empirical analysis that focuses on the number of forward citations received by 208 patent families applied for by six Belgian Universities. The new indicators provide a more in-depth view on the way non-patent citations, backward patent citations, co-assignees and the geographical scope for protection determine patent value. The policy implications induced by these results are the positive impact of collaboration between public research organisations and the need to focus on academic researchers with a high scientific profile in terms of publications in order to crystallize their tacit knowledge into high value academic patents.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

From sciences to license: an exploratory analysis of the value of academic patents

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Insight into the patenting performance of Belgian universities

The objective of this paper is to provide an in-depth analysis of the patenting performances of six Belgian universities over the period 1985-1999. Beside the evolution of the number of patent families, we provide insights about the potential value of these patents (through forward patent citations analysis), about the institutional sources of the knowledge (through non patent citations and backward patent citations), about their international patenting strategy, and the type of co-assignee. The results show that KUL is by far the most productive university in Belgium (both in terms of the number of patent applications and the number of forward citations per patent). This is due to a size effect, a longer history of patenting academic inventions, to a focus on bio-tech patents and to a very productive collaboration with the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. There is however a clear indication that a catching up process by other universities is taking place, in terms of both the quantity of patent applications and their quality.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe