Situação atual da esquistossomose mansoni no Lago da Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

The present distribution of planorbid snails, the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni, in Pampulha lake (Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais - Brazil) and the rapid dispersal of Biomphalaria tenagophila in the lake perimeter are described. The presence of B. tenagophila naturally infected by S. mansoni in this hydric collection is also reported for the first time. The epidemiological importance of these observations is indicated as also is the possibility of B. tenagophila replacing the primitive population of B. glabrata in the Pampulha lake.Descreve-se a atual distribuição dos planorbídeos hospedeiros intermediários do Schistosoma mansoni no Lago da Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG (Brasil) e a rápida dispersão de Biomphalaria tenagophila por todo o perímetro lacustre. Relata-se o primeiro encontro de B. tenagophila naturalmente infectada por S. mansoni, naquela coleção hídrica. Discute-se, a importância epidemiológica destas observações e a possibilidade da B. tenagophila vir a substituir a primitiva população de B. glabrata no Lago da Pampulha

Progressive Histiocytosis of Non-Epitheliotropic Dendritic Cells in a Feline

Background: Histiocytic tumors in felines are nodules that commonly develop on limbs and head extremities. They can be divided into many subtypes including cutaneous histiocytoma, histiocytic sarcoma, reactive fibrohistiocytic nodule, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and progressive feline dendritic cell. Despite the same origin, they have behaviors that differ from each other, thus it is important to confirm diagnosis with histopathological and immunohistochemical tests, because early identification can facilitate prognosis and treatment. In this study, we describe the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics, enabling differentiation feline neoplasms derived from histiocytes. Case: A 5-year-old, crossbreed, male, feline presented with a nodulation at the base of the left ear. The mass was slow growing, partially alopecic, with no other changes associated with tumor development. The nodule was round and circumscribed, movable, with an elevated surface. He was referred for surgery and an elliptical sample around the tumor was carefully dissected. Routine histopathological evaluation was performed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), as well as immunohistochemistry. Histopathology showed circumscribed proliferation of histiocytic cells, with abundant and eosinophilic cytoplasm. The proliferative cells were large and rounded, extending from the superficial dermis and basement membrane to the deep dermis. At the extremities, some cells had visible vacuoles. Mitotic activity ranged from 3 to 4 mitoses per field in 40x magnification. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for histocompatibility complex MCII and lysozyme antibodies, marking histiocytic cells. Labeling was positive for CD20 in cells of lymphoid lineage B and negative for E-cadherin. Histiocytic cells did not invade the epidermis; hence, proliferation was classified as nonepitheliotropic. These methods contribute to the literature regarding the diagnosis of this rare tumor. Therefore, histological as well as immunohistochemical evaluation are important bfor confirming clinical diagnosis of histiocytic proliferation non-epitheliotropic. Discussion: Progressive histiocytosis of feline dendritic cells, in both epitheliotropic and non-epitheliotropic forms, is considered a clinically progressive and rare disorder. There are reports which include cytological, clinical, histological and immunohistochemical examinations, but the diagnostic characteristics regarding the non-epitheliotropic classification have not yet been properly identified. Nodulations are predominantly observed in head and limb regions, usually non-ulcerated, which can both increase and decrease in size, and are typically painless. The tumor in the present case was restricted to the base of the ear and no evidence of infiltration or metastasis was found. Progressive histiocytosis may spread and reach the lymphatic system through the lymph nodes, subsequently becoming systemic. The non-aggressive behavior observed in this case is possibly related to the non-epitheliotropic pattern. In the present case, MHC II histocompatibility complex markers, a phenotype compatible with dendritic cells, were used. Lysozyme antibodies marked histiocytic cells and the reactive lymphoid infiltrate was composed of CD20-positive B lymphoid lineage cells. Staining for E-cadherin was negative, negative results in labeling experiments is common, it is dependent upon the cellular origin of the leukocytes present in the sample. Staining for these molecules is recommended for differentiating feline progressive histiocytosis from Langerhans cells. Langerhans cells can be characterized by E-cadherin expression in about 10% of cases and marked T lymphocyte and neutrophil expression in the affected tissue. In this case, the histopathological exam along with immunohistochemistry was essential for differentiating them

Sintomas de depressão e ansiedade em uma amostra representativa de universitários espanhóis, portugueses e brasileiros

University students have shown a significant occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms. This epidemiological work investigated the prevalence of such symptoms in university students in Spain, Portugal, and Brazil, as well as the possible differences according to nationality and gender from a representative sample of three universities (University of Extremadura/Spain, n = 1216; University of Coimbra/Portugal, n = 426, and PUC-Rio, n = 315) in 2015. The results suggest that Brazilian students have a greater manifestation of depression symptoms, especially women, and they also presented greater symptoms of anxiety. No difference was found in the anxiety results between countries. The correlation between depression and anxiety was positive and strong. This study can be of value in social, clinical and political settings.Universitários apresentam sintomas importantes de depressão e ansiedade. Este trabalho epidemiológico investigou a prevalência de tais sintomas em acadêmicos da Espanha, Portugal e Brasil, bem como as possíveis diferenças em função da nacionalidade e do gênero a partir de uma amostra representativa de 3 universidades (Universidade de Extremadura/Espanha = 1216; Universidade de Coimbra/Portugal = 426 e PUC-Rio = 315) em 2015. Análises descritivas e inferências indicaram que estudantes brasileiros, em especial as mulheres, apresentam maior manifestação de sintomas de depressão. Elas também apresentaram maior sintomatologia de ansiedade. A correlação entre depressão e ansiedade foi proporcional e forte e não houve diferença na ansiedade entre os países. Esta pesquisa pode ser utilizada em diversas áreas e auxiliar práticas clínicas e políticas públicas

ESTUDO SOBRE EMPREENDEDORISMO EM CURSOS SUPERIORES DA ÁREA DE INFORMÁTICA: Projeto de pesquisa em andamento

Este projeto de pesquisa consiste em um mapeamento sistemático de empresas juniores que atuam na área de Informática. A importância deste tipo de trabalho reside no fato de através da aplicação de um método de busca replicável busca-se obter conhecimento necessário sobre um determinado tópico além de se identificar possíveis áreas de estudo promissoras. A diferença para uma revisão da literatura convencional está no estabelecimento de um protocolo de busca replicável que inclui delimitação de escopo, definição de questões de pesquisa, critérios de inclusão e exclusão de evidências primárias, além disso neste tipo de estudo secundário é comum a revisão por mais de um pesquisador, reduzindo assim um possível viés e fornecendo maior confiabilidade aos dados coletados, analisados e reportados. Assim sendo, pode-se dizer que o objetivo deste projeto de pesquisa é coletar, analisar e sintetizar informações sobre empresas juniores relacionadas a cursos superiores de Informática

Propiedades psicométricas del Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey versión brasileña

Objective: to analyze the psychometric properties of the Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey - Brazilian version with undergraduate nursing students. Method: methodological study conducted in a nursing school in São Paulo state. It is the analysis of the psychometric properties (reliability and construct validity) of the items in the INE-R survey - Brazilian version. Construct validity was performed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and reliability by test-retest in order to verify the instrument’s stability, as calculated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and the Internal Consistency of the items according to Cronbach’s alpha, ordinal alpha and McDonalds’s omega coefficients. Results: confirmatory Factor Analysis fitted the proposed model with two factors (low and high incivility), with a suggestion to exclude one of student items. Most of the fitting values for the student items and all of the faculty-member items complied with the references established in the literature; the values for Internal Consistency Coefficients were greater than 0.80, and Intraclasss Correlation Coefficients were greater than 0.75. Conclusion: the Brazilian version of the Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey is validated for the studied context, as it has shown satisfactory reliability and validity by means of factor analysis, which has confirmed the original two-factor model, with 23 items addressing student behaviors and 24 items applied to faculty behaviors.Objetivo: analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión brasileña del Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey con estudiantes de graduación en enfermería. Método: estudio metodológico, realizado en una escuela de enfermería del estado de São Paulo. Se trata del análisis de las propiedades psicométricas (confiabilidad y validez de constructo) de los ítems del INE-R Survey - versión brasileña. La validez de constructo fue realizada por Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio y la confiabilidad por el test-retest, para verificación de la estabilidad del instrumento, calculada por el Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase y por medio de la consistencia interna de los ítems, según los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, alfa ordinal y omega de McDonald. Resultados: hubo ajuste del modelo propuesto del análisis factorial confirmatorio con dos factores (baja y alta incivilidad), con sugerencia de exclusión de un ítem para estudiantes. La mayoría de los valores de ajustes, para los ítems de los estudiantes y la totalidad para los profesores, atendió las referencias establecidas por la literatura; los valores para los Coeficientes de Consistencia Interna fueron mayores que 0,80 y los Coeficientes de Correlación Intraclase mayores que 0,75. Conclusión: la versión brasileña del Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey se encuentra validada para el contexto estudiado, presentando confiabilidad satisfactoria y validez, por el análisis factorial que confirmó el modelo original con dos factores, con 23 ítems, retratando comportamientos de estudiantes y 24 de profesores.Objetivo: analisar as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised survey com estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. Método: estudo metodológico, realizado em uma escola de enfermagem paulista. Trata-se da análise das propriedades psicométricas (fidedignidade e validade de construto) dos itens do INE-R survey - versão brasileira. A validade de construto foi realizada por Análise Fatorial Confirmatória e a fidedignidade pelo teste-reteste, para verificação da estabilidade do instrumento, calculada pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse e por meio da consistência interna dos itens, segundo os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, alfa ordinal e ômega de McDonald. Resultados: houve ajuste ao modelo proposto da análise fatorial confirmatória com dois fatores (baixa e alta incivilidade), com sugestão de exclusão de um item para estudantes. A maioria dos valores de ajustes para os itens dos estudantes e a totalidade para os professores atenderam às referências estabelecidas pela literatura; os valores para os Coeficientes de Consistência Interna foram maiores que 0,80 e os Coeficientes de Correlação Intraclasse, maiores que 0,75. Conclusão: a versão brasileira do Incivility in Nursing Education - Revised Survey encontra-se validada para o contexto estudado, apresentando fidedignidade satisfatória e validade, pela análise fatorial, que confirmou o modelo original com dois fatores, com 23 itens retratando comportamentos de estudantes e 24, de professores

Seed germination and vigor of passion fruit hybrids

Most commercial plantations of passion fruit is propagate plants by seed, but germination is irregular, which hinders the growth of seedlings and uniformity, and is connected with the plant genotype. The objective of this study was to evaluate the germination and early growth of passion fruit hybrid seedlings, obtained from different genetic combinations. The hybrids were obtained from the cross between progenies from the breeding program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa with hybrids of the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária and of the Viveiros Flora Brasil. The experimental design was completely randomized with six hybrids, five replicates and fifty seeds per experimental unit. Germination was assessed daily until the 28 days, and at the end of the period it was obtained the mean time germination, emergence speed index, seedling height, the length of shoots and roots, and the individual seedling dry matter (root + shoot)was assessed. Among the passion fruit hybrids evaluated, hybrid HB2 (UFVM0212 × BRS Sol do Cerrado) showed the highest germination and seedling biometric values and might be a genotype with potential for breeding programs for seed quality. The specific combining ability of parents can influence the quality of seeds and the vigor of passion fruit seedlings. A factor must be considered is the correct choice of maternal and paternal parents, since they influence the quality of seeds. Most commercial plantations of passion fruit is propagate plants by seed, but germination is irregular, which hinders the growth of seedlings and uniformity, and is connected with the plant genotype. The objective of this study was to evaluate the germination and early growth of passion fruit hybrid seedlings, obtained from different genetic combinations. The hybrids were obtained from the cross between progenies from the breeding program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa with hybrids of the Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária and of the Viveiros Flora Brasil. The experimental design was completely randomized with six hybrids, five replicates and fifty seeds per experimental unit. Germination was assessed daily until the 28 days, and at the end of the period it was obtained the mean time germination, emergence speed index, seedling height, the length of shoots and roots, and the individual seedling dry matter (root + shoot)was assessed. Among the passion fruit hybrids evaluated, hybrid HB2 (UFVM0212 × BRS Sol do Cerrado) showed the highest germination and seedling biometric values and might be a genotype with potential for breeding programs for seed quality. The specific combining ability of parents can influence the quality of seeds and the vigor of passion fruit seedlings. A factor must be considered is the correct choice of maternal and paternal parents, since they influence the quality of seeds

Origin of the hemoglobin S gene in a northern Brazilian population: the combined effects of slave trade and internal migrations

ABSTRACT We analyzed DNA polymorphisms in the -globin gene cluster of 30 sickle cell anemia patients from Belém, the capital city of the State of Pará, in order to investigate the origin of the S mutation. Sixty-seven percent of the S chromosomes were Bantu type, 30% were Benin type, and 3% were Senegal type. The origin of the S mutation in this population, estimated on the basis of bS-linked haplotypes, contradicts the historical records of direct slave trade from Africa to the northern region of Brazil. Historical records indicate a lower percentage of people from Benin. These discrepancies are probably due to domestic slave trade and later internal migrations, mainly from northeastern to northern regions. Haplotype distribution in Belém did not differ significantly from that observed in other Brazilian regions, although historical records indicate that most slaves from Atlantic West Africa, where the Senegal haplotype is prevalent, were destined for the northern region, whereas the northeast (Bahia, Pernambuco and Maranhão) was heavily supplied with slaves from Central West Africa, where the Benin haplotype predominates

Desenvolvimento de métodos de análise por CLAE-UV para os antimicrobianos tetraciclina, sulfametoxazol e trimetoprima utilizando materiais à base de sílica como sistemas de pré-concentração

This paper evaluates the adsorption capacity of zirconocene-based silica materials in the pre-concentration of antimicrobians (tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) in aqueous medium. These materials were prepared by grafting the zirconocene onto silicas pre-treated at different temperatures. The retention capacity of these materials was evaluated by off line SPE and HPLC-UV and the proposed methodology was validated in ultrapure, tap and river water. The recovery for tetracycline was 72% (in the solid phase A) and, for sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim was 68 and 95% in the commercial C18, respectively. The target antimicrobians were not detected in the Arroio Dilúvio (Porto Alegre - RS)

VARIAÇÃO GENÉTICA EM POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DE AROEIRA EM DOIS SISTEMAS DE PLANTIO

A estimativa de parâmetros genéticos em especies nativas arbóreas é de fundamental importância para subsidiar programas de melhoramento e conservação genética. Assim, estimou-se parâmetros genéticos para os caracteres silvicultura1s altura, diâmetro à altura do peito, forma e diâmetro médio da copa em dois sistemas de plantio de aroeira: a) plantio homogêneo, envolvendo populações de Selvíria-MS e Bauru-SP, na forma de testes de progênies, instalados em dezembro de 1987, e b) plantio consorciado: aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) com candiúba (Trema micrantha) constituído pelas populações de Selvíria-MS e Aramina-SP, também em forma de testes de progênies, instalados em fevereiro de 1992. Todos os testes estão localizados na FEP-FEIS/UNESP, localizada no município de Selvíria-MS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados. As estimativas de herdabilidade mostraram possibilidades de seleção nas populações de aroeira. Em ambos os sistemas de plantio a maior proporção da variação genética foi encontrada dentro de populações. O plantio consorciado proporcionou menores erros experimentais e urna estimativa de parâmetros genéticos mais robusta, o que recomenda o uso de um consórcio de espécies afins em testes de progênies com espécies arbóreas nativas, principalmente no que se refere à aroeira

Comparison of temporal and spatial variation of periphytic algal community in two urban lakes in Umuarama-PR (Brazil)

Water resources are very important for all living organisms, and as being of vital importance need to be preserved. Thus, many water bodies are monitored as an essential strategy for identification of possible alterations over space and time. The analyses were performed in two different hydrological conditions, and water sample and rocks were collected in two different points at each lake. The results showed higher values of Ammoniacal Nitrogen in Aratimbó Lake, mainly during dry period (Ammoniacal Nitrogen = 4.2 mgL-1) at P1. However, P2 at Tucuruvi Lake presented higher concentration of Orthophosphate (2.24 mgL-1). Total Periphyton density also demonstrated variation among the different hydrological scenarios and lakes. The Highest density was of 385.30 10³ ind.cm-2at Aratimbó Lake and 180.43 10³ ind.cm-2at Tucuruvi Lake in rainy condition. Comparing the predominance of species, In Aratimbó Lake, Chlorophyceae class was predominant at P1, while Cyanophyceae class was predominant at P2. In dry period, Bacillarophyceae class was seen as the predominant class for both of lakes and for all sampling points. Differently from Aratimbó Lake, in Tucuruvi Lake Bacillarophyceae class was predominant in both of hydrological scenarios