401 research outputs found
Dependence of some physiological indicators of generative and vegetative organs of Sambucus nigra on habitat conditions
We carried out studies on water deficiency of Sambucus nigra L. (black elderberry) plant leaves extract and fruit juice, relative turgidity, sucrose content in fruits, chlorophyll content in the leaves, as well as gas exchange rates in the leaves, in particular, the changes in the concentrations of oxygen released during photosynthesis by leaves and carbon dioxide released during leaf respiration depending on habitat conditions (altitude of the habitat, position of slopes, average annual precipitation). Taking into account the difference in climatic conditions and the generality of some indicators, Vanadzor (1326–1600 m above sea level) and Stepanavan (1400–1830 m above sea level) regions of Lori Province, "Dilijan" National Park, Lake Parz, and the forest areas adjacent to the city of Dilijan (1240–1612 m above sea level) in Tavush Province in Armenia were chosen as the research sites. The test samples were taken from eight different test sites in Lori and Tavush provinces. Tavush Province is more humid than Lori Province. The highest rate of water deficiency in the leaves of the studied plants was recorded in S. nigra f. laciniata (L.) Zabel., and the lowest in S. nigra in Vanadzor forest. It can be assumed that the index of water deficiency in the leaves may depend on the position of the slopes of the test sites and the value of the filtration coefficient of the soil types. On the north-facing slope at the height of 1341 m above sea level and on the south-facing slope at the height of 1830 m above sea level, the values of water deficiency of the leaves are almost the same. Such data allows us to assume that the degree of water deficiency in the leaves is also affected by the filtration coefficient of habitat soil types. In two points that have north-facing positions, the water deficiency of leaves at the height of 1341 m above sea level is 2.14 times more than at the height of 1328 m above sea level. At 1328 m above sea level the filtration coefficient is small and the plant absorbs a lot of water. Based on the data we received we obtained rankings of plants according to the different criteria of the experimental plants: water deficiency in leaves tissues, relative turgidity, the sum of chlorophylls in the leaves, the sucrose content in the fruits, percentage of oxygen released as a result of photosynthesis, percentage of carbon dioxide released as a result of respiration. We found a certain dependence between the indicators of the water regime and the height above sea level of the researched habitats. We also found out that the water regime is influenced by certain microclimatic conditions such as the position of the slopes, whether they are north or south facing, as well as the average annual precipitation. Knowing the physiological processes taking place in the vegetative and generative organs of the S. nigra plant is important from the point of view of evaluating the intensity of growth and development of the generative organs. We consider that the results of the study will be applicable in the process of plant selection based on the indicators of the physiological processes taking place in the plant organism
Dynamics of D1-brane in I-brane Background
This paper is devoted to the study of the effective field theory description
of the probe D1-brane in the background of the system of two stacks of
fivebranes in type IIB theory that intersect on . We study the
properties of the Dirac-Born-Infeld action for D1-brane moving in this
background. We will argue that this action is invariant under an additional
symmetry in the near horizon limit and that this new symmetry is closely
related to the enhanced symmetry of the I-brane background considered recently
in [hep-th/0508025]. We also solve explicitly the equation of motion of
D1-brane in the near horizon limit.Comment: 21 pages, references adde
D-Brane Dynamics and NS5 Rings
We consider the classical motion of a probe D-brane moving in the background
geometry of a ring of NS5 branes, assuming that the latter are non-dynamical.
We analyse the solutions to the Dirac-Born-Infield (DBI) action governing the
approximate dynamics of the system. In the near horizon (throat) approximation
we find several exact solutions for the probe brane motion. These are compared
to numerical solutions obtained in more general cases. One solution of
particular interest is when the probe undergoes oscillatory motion through the
centre of the ring (and perpendicular to it). By taking the ring radius
sufficiently large, this solution should remain stable to any stringy
corrections coming from open-strings stretching between the probe and the
NS5-branes along the ring.Comment: 17 pages, Latex, 8 figures; References adde
D-brane dynamics near compactified NS5-branes
We examine the dynamics of a -brane in the background of coincident,
parallel 5-branes which have had one of their common transverse directions
compactified. We find that for small energy, bound orbits can exist at
sufficiently large distances where there will be no stringy effects. The orbits
are dependent upon the energy density, angular momentum and electric field. The
analysis breaks down at radial distances comparable with the compactification
radius and we must resort to using a modified form of the harmonic function in
this region.Comment: Latex, 20 pages, 6 figs, references adde
Exactly Soluble Dynamics of (p,q) String Near Macroscopic Fundamental Strings
We study dynamics of Type IIB bound-state of a Dirichlet string and n
fundamental strings in the background of N fundamental strings. Because of
supergravity potential, the bound-state string is pulled to the background
fundamental strings, whose motion is described by open string rolling radion
field. The string coupling can be made controllably weak and, in the limit , the bound-state energy involved is small
compared to the string scale. We thus propose rolling dynamics of open string
radion in this system as an exactly solvable analog for rolling dynamics of
open string tachyon in decaying D-brane. The dynamics bears a novel feature
that the worldsheet electric field increases monotonically to the critical
value as the bound-state string falls into the background string. Close to the
background string, D string constituent inside the bound-state string decouples
from fundamental string constituents.Comment: 27p, 2 figure
Comments on D-brane Dynamics Near NS5-Branes
We study the properties of a D-brane in the presence of NS5 branes. The
Dirac-Born-Infeld action describing the dynamics of this D-brane is very
similar to that of a non-BPS D-brane in ten dimensions. As the D-brane
approaches the fivebranes, its equation of state approaches that of a
pressureless fluid. In non-BPS D-brane case this is considered as an evidence
for the decay of the D-brane into ``tachyon matter''. We show that in our case
similar behavior is the consequence of the motion of the D-brane. In particular
in the rest frame of the moving D-brane the equation of state is that of a
usual D-brane, for which the pressure is equal to the energy density. We also
compute the total cross-section for the decay of the D-brane into closed string
modes and show that the emitted energy has a power like divergence for ,
and branes, while converges for higher dimensional D-branes. We also
speculate on the possibility that the infalling D-brane describes a decaying
defect in six dimensional Little String Theory.Comment: 18 pages, latex, references added, minor change
Non-BPS D-brane Near NS5-branes
We use tachyon field theory effective action to study the dynamics of a
non-BPS Dp-brane propagating in the vicinity of k NS5-branes. For the time
dependent tachyon condensation we will concentrate on the case of the large
tachyon and the case when a non-BPS D-brane is close to NS5-branes. For spatial
dependent tachyon condensation we will argue that the problem reduces to the
study of the motion of an array of D(p-1)-branes and D(p-1)-antibranes in the
vicinity of k NS5-branes.Comment: 21 page
Geometrical Tachyon Kinks and NS5 Branes
We further investigate the 5 ring background using the tachyon map.
Mapping the radion fields to the rolling tachyon helps to explain the motion of
a probe -brane in this background. It turns out that the radion field
becomes tachyonic when the brane is confined to one dimensional motion inside
the ring. We find explicit solutions for the geometrical tachyon field that
describe stable kink solutions which are similar to those of the open string
tachyon. Interestingly in the case of the geometric tachyon, the dynamics is
controlled by a cosine potential. In addition, we couple a constant electric
field to the probe-brane, but find that the only stable kink solutions occur
when there is zero electric field or a critical field value. We also
investigate the behaviour of Non-BPS branes in this background, and find that
the end state of any probe brane is that of tachyonic matter 'trapped' around
the interior of the ring. We conclude by considering compactification of the
ring solution in one of the transverse directions.Comment: Latex, 24 pages, 1 eps fig; clarifying comments added to Section 2;
typos correcte
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