Study of antimicrobial activity and technology optimization of calendulae flos galenicals

The article presents materials on optimization of manufacture technology for Calendulae flos galenicals with medium level of antibacterial activity. For antibacterial study of extracts, we used agar well diffusion method. In our research, we utilized six test-strain microorganisms: E. coli ATCC 25922, S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. vulgaris ATCC 4636, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, C. albicans ATCC 885/653, and B. subtilis ATCC 6633. We have found that the maximum level of extracts’ antimicrobial activity is achieved in the range of ethanol content in the extractant from 70 to 97 % v/v. Basing on these results, we have suggested a highly effective filtration technology of extraction for manufacture of liquid extract and tincture with medium level of antimicrobial activity from Calendulae flos. Based on HPLC analysis of extracts we detected the following main groups of compounds: quercetin and caffeic acid of derivatives. We have found that the antimicrobial activity of galenicals have good correlation with dry residue concentration but not with the rutin and chlorogenic acid concentration. © 2019 Boyko et al

A novel method for the extraction of the main compounds from the essential oil of clove buds

The purpose of this work was to test a hypothesis about the possibility of extraction of the main clove buds essential oil substances from with two different types of perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100. Using simple maceration method, it was found out that the maximum yield of eugenol was observed into n-hexane: 81 ± 4%. The yield of eugenol into perfluoro organic solvent Novec 7100 was 73 ± 4% and into the perfluoro organic solvent Novec 1230 was 6.9 ± 0.4%. Using the extraction circulation method, it was found that the yield of eugenol into perfluoro organic solvent Novec 7100 in 2 h of circulation was 85 ± 4%. Under the same conditions, the yield of eugenol into the perfluoro organic solvent Novec 1230 was 54 ± 3% during 4 h of its circulation. © 2020, Romanian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences. All rights reserved

An innovative way for extraction of essential oil components from Pimpinella anisum L. fruits

Objective: The aim of this article was to test the hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from the plant raw material (PRM) by the example of Pimpinella anisum L. fruits with two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100. Methods: For the studies, we used Pimpinella anisum L. fruits ground to obtain particle size between 0.1 and 0.5 mm. The study of qualitative and quantitative content of the extracts was carried out by the following method: simple maceration, PRM: extractant ratio 1:10 w/v; and circulation method for extraction using Soxhlet extractor, PRM: extractant ratio 1:5 w/v. Qualitative analysis of extracts was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Quantitative analysis of trans-anethole in the extracts was carried out by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) method. Results: The largest yield of anethole was observed for n-hexane, 84±4 %, and for Novec 7100, 81±4 %. In case of Novec 1230 solvent, the yield of anethole was noted to be three times less, 32±2 %. The yield of anethole under the conditions of solvents (Novec 1230 and Novec 7100) circulation method was up to 94±5 % within two hours. Conclusion: Adequacy of the working hypothesis about the possibility for extraction of essential oil components from Pimpinella anisum L. fruits by two different perfluoro organic solvents, Novec 1230 and Novec 7100, was verified experimentally. In the context of the solvents tested, it was found that the level of fluorination of the solvent’s molecule had a great influence on its extraction properties in regard to anethole and vegetable oil. © 2019 The Authors