16,551 research outputs found
Suppressing Super-Horizon Curvature Perturbations?
We consider the possibility of suppressing superhorizon curvature
perturbations after the end of the ordinary slow-roll inflationary stage. This
is the opposite of the curvaton limit. We assume that large curvature
perturbations are created by the inflaton and investigate if they can be
diluted or suppressed by a second very homogeneous field which starts to
dominate the energy density of the universe shortly after the end of inflation.
We show explicit that the gravitational sourcing of inhomogeneities from the
more inhomogeneous fluid to the more homogeneous fluid makes the suppression
difficult if not impossible to achieve.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure. Important revision. Conclusions more negativ
Research on WASH sector, environment and water resources in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Income Satisfaction Inequality and Its Causes
In this paper, the concept of Income Satisfaction Inequality is operationalized on the basis of individual responses to an Income Satisfaction question posed in the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP). Income satisfaction is the subjective analogue of the objective income concept and includes objective income inequality as a special case. The paper introduces a method to decompose Income Satisfaction Inequality according to the contributions from variables such as income, education, and the number of children. Given the panel structure of the data, inequality may be attributed partly to permanent individual circumstances and partly to transitory changes. The paper shows that by far the largest part of the satisfaction inequality has to be ascribed to unobserved heterogeneity. Distinguishing between a structural and an unexplained part of inequality we find that income explains the largest part of structural Income Satisfaction Inequality together with household membership; for non-working individuals, the age distribution is very relevant as well.Equivalent Income, Financial Satisfaction, Income Satisfaction, Income Inequality, Variance Decomposition.
The Subjective Costs of Health Losses Due to Chronic Diseases: An Alternative Model for Monetary Appraisal
This paper proposes a method to evaluate health losses or gains by looking at the impact on well-being of a change in health status. The paper presents estimates of the equivalent income change that would be necessary to change general satisfaction with life to the same extent as a change in health satisfaction would do. In other words, we estimate the income equivalent of health changes. Next, the health satisfaction changes are linked to specific diseases in order to estimate the income equivalent for various diseases. This method uses answers to well-being and health satisfaction questions as posed in a large German data set. We distinguish between workers and non-workers and between inhabitants of East- and West- Germany. We find, for instance, that for West-workers hearing impediments are on average equivalent to an income reduction of about 20%, and that heart blood difficulties are for the same group equivalent to a 47% income reduction.chronic diseases, equivalent income, health damages, health satisfaction, well-being.
Equation of State in a Strongly Interacting Relativistic System
We study the evolution of the equation of state of a strongly interacting
quark system as a function of the diquark interaction strength. We show that
for the system to avoid collapsing into a pressureless Boson gas at
sufficiently strong diquark coupling strength, the diquark-diquark repulsion
has to be self-consistently taken into account. In particular, we find that the
tendency at zero temperature of the strongly interacting diquark gas to
condense into the system ground state is compensated by the repulsion between
diquarks if the diquark-diquark coupling constant is higher than a critical
value . Considering such diquark-diquark repulsion, a positive
pressure with no significant variation along the whole strongly interacting
region is obtained. A consequence of the diquark-diquark repulsion is that the
system maintains its BCS character in the whole strongly interacting region.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figs, To appear in Phys. Rev.
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