Customs House Agents Perspective on Effectiveness of Container Freight Stations, Chennai

A key factor in determining the trade volume is the efficiency of the cargo handling capacity of the ports. Container Freight Stations forms a major infrastructural component which primarily contributes to the decongestion of ports at the terminals. It is considered as an extension of department of customs. As India has improved its trade environment, development of ports, the volume of trade has increased over the years. The containerization of cargo has increased the role of CFS in India. CFS are the integral part of the EXIM supply chain. Custom House Agents and importers have some grievances such as the delay in the movement of cargo which would in turn increase the demurrage incurred on the importers, lack of infrastructure facilities, modern container handling equipment. Indias EXIM trade is fast growing and for managing and sustaining the growth, it is very essential to enhance the infrastructure facilities, modern cargo handling equipment. The purpose of the study is to analyse the important criteria in the selection of a CFS, the association of problems and satisfaction of the Customs house agents. SPSS 21 is used to perform the MANOVA, ANOVA and Correlation analysis. The results revealed that there is a significant effect of number of shipping bills on location, safety and quick clearance, difference of opinion on satisfaction between importers and exporters and a negative association between the problems in the CFS and satisfaction. The study also identified that quick clearance, modern cargo handling equipments and location are the major criteria in the selection of the CFS. Keywords: Container Freight Stations, Customs House Agent, EXIM, CHA, LOGISTICS FIRMS

18 GHz SZ measurements of the bullet cluster

We present 18 GHz observations of the Bullet cluster using the Austalia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), which show structure in the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect; in particular, a deep, compact feature which does not correspond to any bright feature in X-ray, optical or lensing maps. In general, the relatively deeper SZE features appear to avoid the regions with the most intense X-ray emission. SZE displaced from X-ray centres implies that modeling cluster dynamics is non-trivial. The SZE distribution in the western parts of the cluster are co-spatial with the radio halo indicative of a common origin for the hot and relativistic electrons in the turbulent wake of the Bullet

A Case for Renewed Activity in the Giant Radio Galaxy J0116-473

We present ATCA radio observations of the giant radio galaxy J0116-473 at 12 and 22 cm wavelengths in total intensity and polarization. The images clearly reveal a bright inner-double structure within more extended edge-brightened lobe emission. The lack of hotspots at the ends of the outer lobes, the strong core and the inner-double structure with its edge-brightened morphology lead us to suggest that this giant radio galaxy is undergoing a renewed nuclear activity: J0116-473 appears to be a striking example of a radio galaxy where a young double source is evolving within older lobe material. We also report the detection of a Mpc-long linear feature which is oriented perpendicular to the radio axis and has a high fractional polarization.Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures, appeared in 2002 ApJ, 565, 25

Variable X-ray Absorption toward Gravitationally-Lensed Blazar PKS1830-211

We present X-ray spectral analysis of five Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the gravitationally-lensed blazar PKS1830-211 from 2000 to 2004. We show that the X-ray absorption toward PKS1830-211 is variable, and the variable absorption is most likely to be intrinsic with amplitudes of about 2-30e22 cm^-2 depending on whether or not the absorber is partially covering the X-ray source. Our results confirm the variable absorption observed previously, although interpreted differently, in a sequence of ASCA observations. This large variation in the absorption column density can be interpreted as outflows from the central engine in the polar direction, consistent with recent numerical models of inflow/outflows in AGNs. In addition, it could possibly be caused by the interaction between the blazar jet and its environment, or the variation from the geometric configuration of the jet. While the spectra can also be fitted with a variable absorption at the lens redshift, we show that this model is unlikely. We also rule out the simple microlensing interpretation of variability which was previously suggested.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, Accepted to A

Key operations in the wet-rendering of peanut for the isolation of protein, oil and starch

Separation of oil and suspended solids from peanut slurry are two important interdependent operations in wet rendering of peanuts. A 3-way centrifuge cannot be used efficiently for the separation of the different phases due to the large volume of fibrous suspended solids in peanut slurry. Removal of suspended solids from the slurry by filtration is too slow and incomplete, as the fine particles tend to block the screen. The alternative method of centrifugal sedimentation of the suspended solids causes emulsification of the oil and results in the inefficient separation of the oil. It is shown in the paper that efficiency of the separation of oil and carbohydrate fraction from peanut by wet rendering method depends on careful conditioning of the seed

Integrated processing of peanut for the separation of major constituents

Bench-scale experiments were carried out on the processing of peanut by a new method. The decuticled kernels were pasted, and the paste was subjected to the Skipin process to recover approximately 30% oil; the residual paste was made into a dispersion at 10.0 pH and clarified to get a carbohydrate meal (15.7% moisture-free); the clarified dispersion was centrifuged to obtain another 12% fat and the remaining dispersion was acidified to get the protein (21.9% moisture-free). Fifteen batches of 100-1b. (45.4 kg.) each have been processed, and the reproducibility of the yields has been ascertained. The scope for increasing the oil yield and for improving protein quality is discussed

The Equivalence Principle as a Stepping Stone from Special to General Relativity: A Socratic Dialog

In this paper we show how the student can be led to an understanding of the connection between special relativity and general relativity by considering the time dilation effect of clocks placed on the surface of the Earth. This paper is written as a Socratic dialog between a lecturer Sam and a student Kim.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, uses the revtex4 documentclass. Submitted to the American Journal of Physics. Minor modification and corrections following referees' comment

SARAS 2: A Spectral Radiometer for probing Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization through detection of the global 21 cm signal

The global 21 cm signal from Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), at redshifts $z \sim 6-30$, probes the nature of first sources of radiation as well as physics of the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM). Given that the signal is predicted to be extremely weak, of wide fractional bandwidth, and lies in a frequency range that is dominated by Galactic and Extragalactic foregrounds as well as Radio Frequency Interference, detection of the signal is a daunting task. Critical to the experiment is the manner in which the sky signal is represented through the instrument. It is of utmost importance to design a system whose spectral bandpass and additive spurious can be well calibrated and any calibration residual does not mimic the signal. SARAS is an ongoing experiment that aims to detect the global 21 cm signal. Here we present the design philosophy of the SARAS 2 system and discuss its performance and limitations based on laboratory and field measurements. Laboratory tests with the antenna replaced with a variety of terminations, including a network model for the antenna impedance, show that the gain calibration and modeling of internal additives leave no residuals with Fourier amplitudes exceeding 2~mK, or residual Gaussians of 25 MHz width with amplitudes exceeding 2~mK. Thus, even accounting for reflection and radiation efficiency losses in the antenna, the SARAS~2 system is capable of detection of complex 21-cm profiles at the level predicted by currently favoured models for thermal baryon evolution.Comment: 44 pages, 17 figures; comments and suggestions are welcom

The interior structure of rotating black holes 1. Concise derivation

This paper presents a concise derivation of a new set of solutions for the interior structure of accreting, rotating black holes. The solutions are conformally stationary, axisymmetric, and conformally separable. Hyper-relativistic counter-streaming between freely-falling collisionless ingoing and outgoing streams leads to mass inflation at the inner horizon, followed by collapse. The solutions fail at an exponentially tiny radius, where the rotational motion of the streams becomes comparable to their radial motion. The papers provide a fully nonlinear, dynamical solution for the interior structure of a rotating black hole from just above the inner horizon inward, down to a tiny scale.Comment: Version 1: 8 pages, 3 figures. Version 2: Extensively revised to emphasize the derivation of the solution rather than the solution itself. 11 pages, 4 figures. Version 3: Minor changes to match published version. Mathematica notebook available at http://jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/rotatinginflationary/rotatinginflationary.n