265 research outputs found
Mjerenje različitog učinka električne stimulacije na pH i boju mesa goveđih trupova.
Electrical stimulation of carcasses is a procedure that is used to promote tenderness of meat. However it has also been shown to affect pH and meat color. To determine if bovine carcasses that receive electrical stimulation to improve their tenderness showed better values of pH, L*, a*, b*, C* and H* when compared with carcasses that were not stimulated, a comparison was done between 59 electrical stimulated and 79 non-stimulated carcasses, all of which were processed in a Federal inspected slaughterhouse, and electrical stimulation was administered according to the standard procedure performed by the slaughter plant and all data were obtained from the longissimus dorsi muscle 24 hours after slaughter, and the model used to estimate the differences was simple linear regression with dummy variables, due to the fact that the variable “electrical stimulation” is discrete. Beef pH levels in stimulated carcasses was 0.2 units lower (P<0.01), while the differences for a*, b*, C* and H* were 1.8, 1.9, 2.4 (P<0.01) and 3.2 (P<0.5) when compared to the results from non-stimulated beef In the case of L*, electrical stimulation had no statistical effect. Although a statistically significant effect of electrical stimulation on color was found, the results indicate that it cannot be considered a useful procedure to improve the colorimetric quality of beef because of its small size. However, in the case of pH the effect was found to be significant.Električna stimulacija na trupovima zaklanih životinja postupak je kojim se poboljšava mekoća mesa. No, pokazalo se da taj postupak utječe i na pH odnosno boju mesa. Radi utvrđivanja dovodi li električna stimulacija upotrijebljena za poboljšanje mekoće mesa i do poboljšanja vrijednosti pH, L*, a*, b*, C* i H*, provedena je usporedba između 59 električno stimuliranih i 79 nestimuliranih trupova obrađenih u klaonici pod federalnom inspekcijom. Primijenjen je standardni postupak električne stimulacije, a svi podaci utvrđeni su za mišić longissimus dorsi, 24 sata nakon klanja. Uvažavajući da je električna stimulacija diskretna varijabla, za procjenu razlika korišten je model jednostavne linearne regresije s kodirajućom varijablom. Razina pH goveđeg mesa u električno stimuliranim trupovima bila je 0,2 jedinice niža (P<0,01), dok su razlike za a*, b*, C* i H* bile 1,8; 1,9; 2,4 (P<0,01) i 3,2 (P<0,5) veće u usporedbi s rezultatima za meso iz nestimuliranih trupova. U slučaju L*, električna stimulacija nije imala statistički dokazan učinak. Iako je ustanovljen statistički značajan učinak električne stimulacije na boju mesa, zbog male veličine tog učinka stimulacija se ne može uzeti u obzir za poboljšanje kolorimetrijske kvalitete goveđeg mesa. Međutim, u slučaju pH taj je učinak bio izraženiji
Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of bovine leukemia virus in Colombian cattle
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is one of the five agents considered most significant for cattle. It is important to determine the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of BLV throughout the country in order to gain a more thorough understanding of the current situation of BLV and to reveal the possibility of masked genotypes that the primers used by OIE are unable to identify. Blood samples were collected at random from 289 cows distributed in 75 farms across the country. PCR amplification of env, gag and tax gene segments was performed. The obtained amplicons were sequenced and then subjected to phylogenetic analyses. A total of 62% of the cows present at 92% of the farms were BLV-positive for gag fragment. Genotype 1 was exclusively detected by env gene segment when analyzed using previously reported primers. However, tax gene analysis revealed circulation of genotype 6 variants, which were also detected based on env gene analysis with newly designed primers. These results indicate that current genotyping approaches based on partial env sequencing may bias BLV genetic variability approaches and underestimate the diversity of the detected BLV genotypes. This report is one of the first molecular and epidemiological studies of BLV conducted in Colombia, which contributes to the global epidemiology of the virus; it also highlights the substantial impact of BLV on the country's livestock and thus is a useful resource for farmers and government entities
Effect of immunocastration on behaviour and blood parameters (cortisol and testosterone) of Holstein bulls
To evaluate the effect that immunocastration has on behaviour, testosterone and cortisol levels of feedlot Holstein bulls, 720 intact animals aged between 7 and 8 months, weighing 232±1.19 kg were randomly assigned to two treatments: immunocastration using the Bopriva vaccine and a placebo (360 animals per treatment). The bulls were slaughtered at day 239 of treatment. Animals were vaccinated on days 1, 21, 101, and 181, and on those same days testosterone levels were measured; while cortisol, glucose and creatin kinase measurements were done on day 181 and during exanguination at slaughter. Sexual, aggressive and social behaviours were evaluated and it was found that intact bulls showed a higher average of head butts, mounting, threats, flehmen sign and sniffing (P<0.05), no differences were found for vocalisations, lowering of the head and grooming (P>0.05). Testosterone levels in intact bulls remained at 0.47ng/mL throughout the study, however, by day 181 differences (P<0.05) were observed in immunised bulls, with values of 0.22ng/mL. At slaughter, testosterone levels were 0.21 ± 0.06 ng/mL in immunocastrated bulls and 0.54 ± 0.06 ng/mL in the placebo group. The use of immunocastration with Bopriva has shown to be effective to reduce testosterone, sexual and aggressive behaviours on Holstein bulls
Aplicación del protocolo de auditoría Welfare Quality® en bovinos Holstein para engorda bajo condiciones desérticas
The application of the European Welfare Quality® protocol was evaluated in finishing Holstein males in a fattening cattle production company located in the Mexicali Valley, Baja California, Mexico. Twelve pens were randomly selected with 75 steers per pen. In addition, 38 animals per pen were individually evaluated. The evaluation was performed using a format for each of the four principles: feeding, housing, health and behaviour, corresponding to 9 criteria and evaluating 20 measurements, to obtain a global rating. The results for the principles "good health" were 92 points, for housing " 88 points, for "health" 52 points and for " behaviour" 68 points. The overall rating was "good animal welfare". It is concluded that the European protocol WQ® is feasible to be applied in finishing feedlots; however, modifications and adaptations of some measurements are suggested in accordance with the climatic conditions of the area and the temperament of the Holstein cattle.Con el objetivo de evaluar la aplicación del protocolo europeo Welfare Quality® en machos Holstein en finalización, se realizó un estudio en una empresa productora de ganado de engorda ubicada en el valle de Mexicali, Baja California, México. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 12 corrales con 75 machos por corral, además de evaluaciones individuales a 38 animales por corral. Se aplicaron formatos considerando los cuatro principios: alimentación, alojamiento, salud y comportamiento, correspondientes a 9 criterios y evaluando 20 mediciones, para obtener una calificación global. La calificación para los principios “buena salud” obtuvo 92 puntos, el de “buen alojamiento” 88 puntos, el de “buena salud” 52 puntos y el de “comportamiento adecuado” 68 puntos. La calificación global fue de “buen bienestar animal”. Se concluye que el protocolo europeo WQ® es factible de ser aplicable en los corrales de engorda en finalización; sin embargo, se sugieren modificaciones y adecuaciones de algunas mediciones acordes con las condiciones climáticas de la zona y el temperamento del ganado Holstein
Polygenic markers in patients diagnosed of autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia in Catalonia : distribution of weighted LDL-c-raising SNP scores and refinement of variant selection
Altres ajuts: Fundació la Marató de TV3 grant 20152431Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is associated with mutations in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB), and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) genes. A pathological variant has not been identified in 30-70% of clinically diagnosed FH patients, and a burden of LDL cholesterol (LDL-c)-raising alleles has been hypothesized as a potential cause of hypercholesterolemia in these patients. Our aim was to study the distribution of weighted LDL-c-raising single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) scores (weighted gene scores or wGS) in a population recruited in a clinical setting in Catalonia. The study included 670 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of FH and a prior genetic study involving 250 mutation-positive (FH/M+) and 420 mutation-negative (FH/M−) patients. Three wGSs based on LDL-c-raising variants were calculated to evaluate their distribution among FH patients and compared with 503 European samples from the 1000 Genomes Project. The FH/M− patients had significantly higher wGSs than the FH/M+ and control populations, with sensitivities ranging from 42% to 47%. A wGS based only on the SNPs significantly associated with FH (wGS8) showed a higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and higher diagnostic specificity and sensitivity, with 46.4% of the subjects in the top quartile. wGS8 would allow for the assignment of a genetic cause to 66.4% of the patients if those with polygenic FH are added to the 37.3% of patients with monogenic FH. Our data indicate that a score based on 8 SNPs and the75th percentile cutoff point may identify patients with polygenic FH in Catalonia, although with limited diagnostic sensitivity and specificity
Caracterización de la biomasa de distintas especies de algas, enfocadas al consumo incluyéndolas en alimentos funcionales.
Comunicación en formato posterEn un contexto actual que dificulta el abastecimiento de la población de una manera sostenible, encontramos la necesidad de desarrollar nuevos sistemas de producción de alimentos, apostando en este caso por las algas. Éstas son una fuente segura y ambientalmente sostenible de alimentos y compuestos bioactivos con un alto valor nutricional.
Este estudio se enmarca en el contexto del Proyecto ALGAHUB (TED2021- 131555B-C22). Dentro de dicho proyecto, la UMA trabaja en coordinación con la UCA en uno de los subproyectos, enfocado a la innovación y desarrollo de alimentos funcionales en un formato atractivo para el consumidor. Concretamente nuestro grupo se dedica a la caracterización de la composición interna de las algas, en busca de las más interesantes a nivel nutricional y funcional. Por su parte, UJA y UAL van a centrar sus esfuerzos en optimizar las tecnologías de producción a gran escala de la biomasa.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
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