Diagnosis and treatment of inguinal-scrotal hernias in infants

Surgery for inguinal hernias takes first place and make up to 50% of all surgical procedures, and emergency surgery is in the second place after acute appendicitis. Aim. The purpose of the work is to improve the treatment of infants with congenital hernias. Methods and results. In the department of neonatal surgery of NCSH «OHMATDET» 290 patients with hernias were treated, they were divided into two subgroups: the main, born from 2004 to 2014 – (I) group – 196 (67.59%), and the control, born from 1992 to 2003 – (II) group – 94 (32.41%). The study included the following pathology: unilateral hernia – 194 (66.89%), bilateral hernia 36 (12.42%), strangulated hernia - 60 (20.69%). The age of patients ranged from one to three months. Results and discussion. In the (I) group 182 patients underwent ultrasound and Doppler examination, and the data were different in patients with free hernias and strangulated ones. In case of strangulated hernia there were acute circulatory disorders in the testis in 21 patients by 40-50% of normal, and blood flow was absent in 8 ones. Surgical treatment was individualized, and in 230 newborns it was carried out in a planned manner. 11 (3.79%) patients were treated laparoscopically. In strangulated hernia correction was performed without bowel resection in 52 cases, and resection of strangulated portion was carried out in 8 cases. All the children recovered, there was no hernia recurrence

MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF DECISION-MAKING BY OWNERS OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS ON THE CHOICE OF MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION

The procedure for choosing the organization managing the apartment building is regulated in detail by legislation. However, the law, formally conforming to market principles, leaves the owners of residential premises in the house without any reasonable selection criteria. The wrong choice of a management company is fraught not only with economic losses, but also with safe living. At the same time, the ratings proposed for state accounting or statistics cannot be applied by owners to select the best candidate, since they have other goals. The limited applicability of these ratings and criteria systems has been argued in the article, and also well-grounded approaches and a new system of criteria necessary to resolve the selection problem have been proposed

Spatial Interpolants

We propose Splinter, a new technique for proving properties of heap-manipulating programs that marries (1) a new separation logic-based analysis for heap reasoning with (2) an interpolation-based technique for refining heap-shape invariants with data invariants. Splinter is property directed, precise, and produces counterexample traces when a property does not hold. Using the novel notion of spatial interpolants modulo theories, Splinter can infer complex invariants over general recursive predicates, e.g., of the form all elements in a linked list are even or a binary tree is sorted. Furthermore, we treat interpolation as a black box, which gives us the freedom to encode data manipulation in any suitable theory for a given program (e.g., bit vectors, arrays, or linear arithmetic), so that our technique immediately benefits from any future advances in SMT solving and interpolation.Comment: Short version published in ESOP 201

Reforming the housing and community amenities system of a metropolis using blockchain technology

The article discusses management techniques of reforming the management system of the housing and community amenities of the metropolis, associated with the use of innovative technologies. The idea is substantiated that the “blockchain” technology can significantly increase the quality of public services: reduce data processing time and decrease the number of requests for the necessary information. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the possibility of bringing the provision of housing and community amenities to a fundamentally new level, to increase public confidence in the work of state bodies. The authors pay the main attention in the work to the analysis of the openness and transparency of new technologies, as well as preservation guarantees of personal data in the provision of public services. The authors propose possible directions for the application and development of “blockchain” technology in the public sector, as well as a mechanism for the formation of special automated “smart rules” that can be used for the public sector. The authors’ proposal is to create normative legal or administrative acts not just in a machine-readable format, but as “smart rules” is of fundamental importance. The introduction of such an order significantly optimizes the automation of management, because new legislation will not require automation – it will initially be published in the form of directly performed by means of automation of data processing, which do not require human participation

MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS WHEN PROVIDING STATE AND MUNICIPAL SERVICES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The subject of the study is administrative barriers in the provision of public services to individuals and business entities in the Russian Federation. The article proposes methods of analysis of the quality of providing public and municipal services to the population and economic entities. The paper investigates the degree of openness of public authorities. The authors propose a systematic approach to the study of the causes and conditions of administrative barriers, as well as an effective universal system of measures designed to eliminate such barriers and improve the quality of the state’s response to public requests. The paper studied methods of combating administrative barriers in a practical application with the establishment of the main techniques and methods of public administration, the methodology for eliminating administrative barriers. The authors analyze the role of self-regulation, professional communities and social networks in removing administrative barriers

Comparative analysis of the antineoplastic activity of C60 fullerene with 5-fluorouracil and pyrrole derivative in vivo

The antitumor activity of pristine C60 fullerene aqueous solution (C60FAS) compared to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and pyrrole derivative 1-(4-Cl-benzyl)-3-Cl-4-(CF3-fenylamino)-1H-pyrrol-2.5-dione (MI-1) cytostatic drugs was investigated and analyzed in detail using the model of colorectal cancer induced by 1.2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in rat

Microstructure and mechanical properties of AISi 304l austenitic stainless steel processed by various schedules of rolling

The paper studies various rolling schedules implemented at 500°С (incl. direct, reverse, and cross rolling) and their effect on the structure formation and mechanical properties in AISI 304L stainless steel samples. Both TEM and SEM research techniques were applied. An ultrafine grain-subgrain microstructure was found to be formed inside elongated original grains. Rolling-processed microstructural elements were close in their size with the minimum value observed after a reverse rolling (240 nm

Analysis of changes in the genome of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor genovariants during the current period of the cholera pandemic

Introduction. The genome variability of genetic variants of El Tor cholera agent has led to the emergence of strains carrying mutations in various genes associated with epidemically important pathogen properties. This situation requires an assessment of the trends in these changes in order to predict the pathogenic potential of previously unknown variants and promptly develop new tools for their diagnostics and prevention. The purpose of this work was to analyze the dynamic changes in pathogenicity and drug resistance genes of V. cholerae El Tor genetic variants from endemic countries and Russia. Materials and methods. We analyzed complete genome nucleotide sequences of 104 V. cholerae El Tor strains from the NCBI Gen Bank and European Nucleotide Archive databases, as well as those obtained by us. The nucleotide sequences were analyzed using the UGEN v. 45.1 software. The dendrogram was constructed using maximum parsimony algorithm in BioNumerics v.7.6 software package based on the multiple alignment generated using the Snippy 4.6.0 program. Results. Genomic sequences of 103 strain genovariants isolated on the territory of nine endemic countries of Asia and Africa, as well as in Russia in 1991-2022, have been compared. It is shown that the process of genovariant genome changing was multistage and occurred due to the continuous accumulation of point mutations in key (ctxB and tcpA) and additional (rtxA) genes of pathogenicity and core genes of antibiotic resistance (gyrA, parC and carR), as well as a deletion in SXT element. The most important was the change in the ctxB gene and the emergence of new genovariants with the ctxB7 allele, which replaced the previously prevalent strains. Analysis of altered genome regions of 83 strains from endemic regions has revealed eight genotypes, while the strains (21 isolates) imported to Russia belonged to only five of them including highly virulent strains with the ctxB7 allele and lost PolR biovar-specific feature due to carR gene mutation. The established close phylogenetic relatedness of genovariants from Russia with strains from endemic Asian countries confirms their importation from this region. Conclusion. The sequential occurrence and accumulation of mutations in the pathogenicity and drug resistance genes in the genome of genovariants in endemic regions have been shown, which leads to a change in their epidemically important features. The importation of new highly virulent genovariants into Russia has been established, which indicates the need for an ongoing assessment of changes in the genome of this pathogen for the timely development of adequate means of gene diagnostics and prevention