Estudio de la presión interna en el molde de inyección en la producción de materiales poliméricos microcelulares de etileno-propileno con espumación física

Se efectuó el estudio de la presión en la cavidad de un molde de inyección en dos posiciones diferentes respecto al punto de inyección para evaluar los efectos de los parámetros del proceso y la distancia de dicho punto en la morfología celular del material resultante. Con los datos obtenidos es factible definir criterios para la aplicación de este método de espumación microcelular en la fabricación de productos viables con materiales poliméricos aligerados.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Diseño de pruebas objetivas para evaluar competencias, en el área de castellano para el grado tercero de la educación básica primaria

En este trabajo se aborda la propuesta vigente en educación de evaluación y parte de la idea de promover el dominio de habilidades, conocimientos, destrezas y aptitudes, que en su conjunto se movilizan para realizar tareas, resolver problemas o afrontar actividades con éxito en los estudiantes de básica primaria, es decir competencias básicas de lenguaje y la elaboración del diseño de pruebas objetivas como instrumentos que tienen una importancia significativa en las prácticas evaluativas del proceso educativo, en las distintas instituciones educativas del país, La batería de preguntas presentada como modelo para ejemplificar el desarrollo de la experticia en la construcción de estas pruebas, se ha caracterizado teniendo en cuenta el objetivo de evaluación de dichas pruebas el cual se asocia con la comparación y la medición de conocimientos y competencias. El ejercicio que da lugar a la experticia se realizó en el contexto del área de castellano de grado tercero, centrado en la evaluación de competencias lectora y escritora. En la primera parte de este trabajo, se explican los marcos referenciales que fundamentan teórica y conceptualmente el tema de profundización. El propósito del marco referencial es contextualizar el problema, orientar y guiar la resolución de este En el apartado dedicado a los resultados se ofrece una descripción detallada que narra la manera cómo se recorrió el camino hasta alcanzar un producto, unos frutos que se traducen como algo que se obtuvo de manera concreta al hacer una interpretación y puesta en práctica de los contenidos teóricos que referenciaron la problemática aquí expuesta

Ecodesign assessment information an important tool for the design of new elements for building construction

[EN] A new wallboard panel has been developed. The flat panel is manufacturated mainly with a nucleus of gypsum plaster and enriched with agave dry fiber and expanded plastic particles, both agave and plastic are recovered materials and they cooperate to produce a light and resistant flat building construction product. Wallboards samples were produced according several formulas and under different conditions, then they were tested in materials labs. Today most of project stages are close to be finished and the research team works on a whole new building construction system design. One of the main objectives for this project is to reach a better ecological impact than other similar systems, in order to verify those benefits an Ecodesign assessment has been carried on. In this paper some important information and data about the assessment are shown.[ES] En el proyecto que se entrega, se busca demostrar la Hipótesis que señala que es posible la fabricación de elementos constructivos, partiendo de residuos de partículas de plásticos expandidos y fibra de agave como agregados, todos conglomerados en una pasta de yeso. Se ha llevado a cabo un proceso investigación de materiales, de diseño y desarrollo de producto, que propone la aplicación de los resultados de este proyecto de investigación, en un sistema constructivo para particiones interiores y techos falsos. Una de las metas principales para este proyecto es la de ofrecer un elemento constructivo con menor impacto medioambiental. Aquí se muestran algunos avances sobre la valoración de impacto ambiental del nuevo sistema constructivo y que permiten observar una mejoría, comparado con algunos sistemas ya disponibles.González Madariaga, F.; Rosa Sierra, L.; Gómez Gómez, J. (2016). Ecodesign assessment information an important tool for the design of new elements for building construction. En Systems&design:beyond processes and thinking. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 983-994. https://doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2015.3368OCS98399

Satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the quality of working life: an opportunity to rethink the dental profession

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes both labor satisfaction and dissatisfaction in dentists working in Antioquia (Colombia), within the scope of health regulation reforms after “Ley 100 de 1993” (Act 100 of 1993). Methods: Satisfaction and dissatisfaction as subjective aspects of the work have conducted to the use of a qualitative framework through semi-structured interviews held on 13 female and 5 male dentists, after confirmation of their consent agreement. Results: satisfaction and dissatisfaction in dentists coexist within their daily practice, and are associated to professional autonomy and transformation dynamics in healthcare delivery and patient care. The previous related to a regulatory, labor and social context in which dentists perform their professional practice. Conclusion: both satisfaction and dissatisfaction mentioned by dentists constitute opportunities for the strengthening and improving of the profession, in the quest for harmonization among possibilities of access, quality and opportunities in healthcare care delivery on patients, along with professional autonomy conditions for dentists.RESUMEN: En este artículo se analiza la satisfacción e insatisfacción laboral de odontólogos que trabajan en el departamento de Antioquia (Colombia), en el marco de las reformas normativas en salud posteriores a la Ley 100 de 1993. Metodología: la satisfacción e insatisfacción como aspectos subjetivos del trabajo, condujeron a la utilización del enfoque cualitativo a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas hechas a 13 odontólogas y 5 odontólogos, previa suscripción del consentimiento informado. Resultados: la satisfacción y la insatisfacción de los odontólogos coexisten en su práctica cotidiana, asociadas a las dinámicas de autonomía profesional y de transformaciones en la atención e interacción con los pacientes. Lo anterior en relación con el contexto normativo, laboral y social en que ejercen la profesión. Conclusión: tanto la satisfacción como la insatisfacción expresada por los odontólogos, constituyen oportunidades para el fortalecimiento y la movilización de la profesión, en la búsqueda de una armonización entre las posibilidades de acceso, calidad y oportunidad en la atención para los pacientes y las condiciones de autonomía profesional para los odontólogos

Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) in Microglia of the Developing Quail Retina

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which produce large amounts of nitric oxide (NO), is induced in macrophages and microglia in response to inflammatory mediators such as LPS and cytokines. Although iNOS is mainly expressed by microglia that become activated in different pathological and experimental situations, it was recently reported that undifferentiated amoeboid microglia can also express iNOS during normal development. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of iNOS expression in microglial cells during normal development and after their activation with LPS by using the quail retina as model. iNOS expression was analyzed by iNOS immunolabeling, western-blot, and RT-PCR. NO production was determined by using DAR-4M AM, a reliable fluorescent indicator of subcellular NO production by iNOS. Embryonic, postnatal, and adult in situ quail retinas were used to analyze the pattern of iNOS expression in microglial cells during normal development. iNOS expression and NO production in LPS-treated microglial cells were investigated by an in vitro approach based on organotypic cultures of E8 retinas, in which microglial cell behavior is similar to that of the in situ retina, as previously demonstrated in our laboratory. We show here that amoeboid microglia in the quail retina express iNOS during normal development. This expression is stronger in microglial cells migrating tangentially in the vitreal part of the retina and is downregulated, albeit maintained, when microglia differentiate and become ramified. LPS treatment of retina explants also induces changes in the morphology of amoeboid microglia compatible with their activation, increasing their lysosomal compartment and upregulating iNOS expression with a concomitant production of NO. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that immature microglial cells express iNOS during normal development, suggesting a certain degree of activation. Furthermore, LPS treatment induces overactivation of amoeboid microglia, resulting in a significant iNOS upregulation.This work was supported by grants from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain (BFU2010-19981) and Junta de Andalucía, Spain (P07-CVI-03008)

Scrap denim-PP composites as a material for new product design

[EN] The growing interest of manufacturing companies to use its scraps as raw material to design and develop alternate products has led them to news ways of processing them. The present project arises from a jeans manufacturing company’s interest on making an effort to reuse its daily denim scrap to manufacture a different kind of product without diversifying its capabilities.   Some studies on denim-binder mixtures have been previously performed, amongst which binders such as corn starch and vinyl adhesives were used. In the present work some preliminary findings are shown using denim in its woven form combined with polypropylene, a common waste worldwide.   The goal of this project is based on the assessment of some of the mechanical properties from the obtained mixtures in order to determine their attributes and possible fields of application in the process of designing new products.   For that purpose, the materials’ testing was structured in four stages regarding the variables linked to the diversification of the mixes.   In the first stage a sandwich-like material was prepared, consisting of two denim skins and a polypropylene core. In the second stage a multilayered “film-stacking” material was developed. In the third stage, a combination was developed consisting of polypropylene mixed with 5% weight of shredded denim. Based on these preliminary findings and the inherent attributes of denim, the fourth stage is a first attempt to use the obtained materials to design new products. In this process an introductory material-product mapping was used in order to provide early insights and define scenarios and user profiles. The results of the whole process yield a first approach to configure future experiments using combinations of denim scrap and other thermoplastic polymers in order to use them in new product development.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3360http://ocs.editorial.upv.es/index.php/IFDP/IFDPGómez Gómez, J.; González Madariaga, F.; Rosa Sierra, L.; León Morán, R.; Abt, T. (2016). Scrap denim-PP composites as a material for new product design. En Systems&Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2015.3360OC

Default mode network components and its relationship with anomalous self-experiences in schizophrenia: A rs-fMRI exploratory study

Producción CientíficaAnomalous self-experiences (ASEs) in schizophrenia have been under research for the last 20 years. However, no neuroimage studies have provided insight of the possible biological underpinning of ASEs. In this novel approach, the connectivity within the default mode network, calculated through a ROI-based analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data, was correlated to the ASEs scores assessed by the Inventory of Psychotic-Like Anomalous Self-Experiences (IPASE) in a sample of 22 schizophrenia patients. The Pearson's correlation coefficients between IPASE scores and intrahemispheric connectivity of the parahippocampal gyrus with the isthmus cingulate cortex in both hemispheres, and right parahippocampal gyrus with the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex were positive and significant suggesting a relation between hyperactive functional connectivity and anomalous self-experiences intensity. Prior literature reported these areas to have a role in self-processing and consciousness as well as being anatomically connected. Further research with larger sample size and comparison with controls are needed to confirm the relationship of this connectivity with anomalous self-experiences.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (beca ID PI18/00178)Junta de Castilla y León (Dirección Regional de Salud de Castilla y León - grant ID GRS 2121/A/20)Junta de Castilla y León” and the European Social Fund (grant IDs VA-183-18 to IFL, VA-223-19 to RMBR

La Imagen y la Narrativa como Herramientas para el Abordaje Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia. Municipios de Valledupar y Bosconia.

El presente informe se desarrolla en el marco del “Diplomado de Acompañamiento Psicosocial en Escenarios de Violencia” mediante el análisis y estudio de su contenido temático e investigativo sobre el abordaje psicosocial en contextos de violencia. Desde los Relatos tomados del libro Voces: historias de violencia y esperanza en Colombia, se escoge un caso específico para luego contextualizarlo desde el enfoque narrativo como herramienta psicosocial para la transformación de vidas. Se toma como base para la realización de este informe el Relato No 2 Caso Camilo, donde desde la narrativa el protagonista de la historia relata hechos de violencia perpetrados por grupos ilegales en el marco del conflicto armado en la comunidad de Quibdó; amenazas, masacres, que conllevaron a un posterior desplazamiento, dando lugar a impactos psicosociales como la discriminación racial, exclusión, entre otros factores que afectan su identidad, no obstante, la capacidad resiliente del protagonista le permitió hacer frente al dolor, permaneciendo activo en su decisión de seguir trabajando con las comunidades negras y no abandonar su sueño de estudiar y de regresar a su comunidad para brindarles apoyo, se refleja entonces voces que ubican al protagonista en víctima, pero también en sobreviviente por su posición subjetiva frente a los hechos vividos. Desde el enfoque narrativo se propone la pregunta como herramienta psicosocial orientado hacia un acercamiento para conocer recursos y contribuir a la resignificación de la víctima. De igual forma se hace un análisis sobre las comunidades de Cacarica, población desplazada por cuenta de la fuerza militar y culpabilizados de ser cómplices de grupos armados al margen de la ley; se analizan los emergentes psicosociales a partir de esta situación, el impacto causado a la comunidad por el hecho de ser estigmatizada como cómplice de un actor armado y posteriormente proponer acciones de apoyo y estrategias psicosociales que potencien los recursos de afrontamiento de esta población después del asesinato de líderes y pobladores de esta comunidad. Por último, se presenta el informe analítico y reflexivo de la experiencia de foto voz en contextos de violencia social y política.The currently informe is developed in the framework of the "Psychosocial Accompaniment in Scenarios of Violence Certificate " through the analysis and study of its thematic and investigative content about the psychosocial approach in contexts of violence. According to the Stories taken from the book Voces: Historias de Violencia y Esperanza en Colombia (Voces: stories of violence and hope in Colombia), a specific case is chosen and then contextualized from the narrative approach as a psychosocial tool for the transformation of lives. The Report No. 2 Camilo’s Case is taken as a basis I for the realization of this informe, where from the narrative the protagonist of the story relates acts of violence perpetrated by illegal groups in the framework of the armed conflict in the community of Quibdó; threats, massacres, which led to a subsequent displacement, giving places to psychosocial impacts such as racial discrimination, exclusion, among other factors that affect his identity, however, the protagonist's resilient capacity allowed him to face pain, remaining active in his decision of continuing to work with black communities and not abandon his dream of studying and returning to his community to provide support, then voices are reflected that place the protagonist as a victim, but also as a survivor due to his subjective position regarding the events experienced. From the narrative approach, the question is proposed as a psychosocial tool oriented towards an approach to know resources and contribute to the resignification of the victim. Likewise an analysis is made in the communities of Cacarica, a population displaced by the military and accused of being complicit in armed groups outside the law; psychosocial emerging are analyzed based on this situation, the impact caused to the community by being stigmatized as an accomplice of an armed actor and subsequently proposing support actions and psychosocial strategies that enhance the coping resources of this population after the murder of leaders and residents of this community. Finally, the analytical and reflective informe of the photo voice experience in contexts of social and political violence is presented

Elaboration of a teaching program in development cooperation in the University of Alcalá

COOPUAH, a group of teachers and researchers of the University of Alcalá (UAH), who belong to different disciplines, consider that the training offered to students in Development Cooperation by their institution has some deficiencies. The group pursues the general objective of reflecting about and evaluating in particular how this field is included in the university curricula in order to propose a teaching program that could fill the that gap. The main results highlight that the current teaching offer is insufficient, it comes from the environmental and health sciences fields, and in organizational level, is concentrated in the 2nd semester. We therefore believe that we need a multidisciplinary work to expand this teaching offer, redistribute it both semesters, and to offer a program addressed to all students of the University of Alcalá and recognized officially by the institutio

LOGISTICS DISTRIBUTION CENTER

El propósito de este artículo de revisión es Transmitir conocimientos precisos y confiables, sobre las áreas más sensibles y jerarquizadas en relación a los centros de distribución como elemento fundamentales en las cadenas de valor y las estrategias de distribución de los esquemas logísticos aplicables en la economía de escala en la cual se está orientado la economía mundial, en donde la optimización de los recursos y la utilización razonable del conocimiento están marcando una tendencia que tiene como objeto un mayor nivel de servicio a los clientes de toda la cadena con los mismo recursos utilizados y por efecto un mayor beneficio o rendimiento a través del tiempo. Dentro de las temáticas tratadas en la presente, se centran dos aspectos; en primera instancia los centros de distribución y su evolución a través del desarrollo logístico, y en segunda instancia las posibles tendencia futuras en relación a los centros de distribución y como estos se pueden insertar en la revolución de la economía del conocimiento o cuarta revolución industrial. La orientación de la investigación es de tipo descriptiva y el análisis de hará de manera transversal y longitudinalmente al horizonte de conocimiento en la materia, y sus resultados o conclusiones de investigación son una insumo fundamental a futuras investigación cuyo objetivo sea explorar el estado del arte del tema central de este proceso de revisión del la frontera del conocimiento.The purpose of this review article is to transmit accurate and reliable knowledge about the most sensitive and hierarchical areas in relation to distribution centers as a fundamental element in value chains and distribution strategies of logistics schemes applicable in the economy of scale in which the world economy is oriented, where the optimization of resources and the reasonable use of knowledge are setting a trend that aims to provide a higher level of service to customers throughout the chain with the same resources used and by effect a greater benefit or performance over time. Within the themes addressed in the present, two aspects are focused; in the first instance, the distribution centers and their evolution through logistic development, and secondly, the possible future trends in relation to the distribution centers and how they can be inserted in the revolution of the knowledge economy or fourth industrial revolution. The orientation of the research is of a descriptive type and the analysis will be done transversally and longitudinally to the horizon of knowledge in the subject, and its results or research conclusions are a fundamental input to future research whose objective is to explore the state of the art of central theme of this process of reviewing the frontier of knowledge