International property rights and international trade: consequences for developing countries

The purpose of this article is to reveal the impact of the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR) on the technological growth of developing countries within the context of their integration into the multilateral trade system. The author generalizes the theoretical studies in IPR protection for open and closed economies, traces the consequences of enforcing IPR protection on the economic growth and diffusion of technologies in the world, analyzes the multilateral regulations of the WTO in trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights, and assesses the impact of the introduction of this system on developing countries. The article explores the prospects for developing the multilateral system of IPR protection to ensure a balance between countries with different levels of development, and outlines the internal policy instruments of IPR that would comply with the interests of technological growth in the developing countries. These findings would benefit the formulation of a balanced policy of IPR protection related to Ukraine’s trade and other policies to invigorate technological development within the context of its integration into the world trade system

ECONOMIC GROWTH MODEL: THE ROLE OF DIGITALIZATION

Most publications justify that digitalization is a source of economic growth, to a greater extent in the countries with higher levels of economic development. However, some papers fail to find empirical evidence supporting this claim, attributing it to digitalization being in its initial stages or to the presence of the digitalization paradox. Economic literature exhibits a degree of ambiguity in its conclusions regarding the role of the digital economy in growth. Researchers employ different measures of digitalization, country and year samples, control variables in regression equation, as well as different regression methods, which can provoke ambiguous effects on the parameters of digital variables. The purpose of the article is to identify the role of digitalization in economic growth by justifying an economic growth model with the digitalization index and providing detailed discussions on our sample of countries over recent years, along with options for regression estimators. The article utilizes statistical data from the World Bank, European Commission, and Heritage Foundation. Methods such as system analysis, statistical analysis, and the regression estimator of panel data with fixed effects are implemented to identify the role of digitalization in economic growth. We have designed an economic growth model incorporating the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) of EU member states for the years 2017-2022, utilizing available data. The results reveal a positive and significant causal effect of digitization on gross output growth. Specifically, a 1% increase in the digitalization index results in GDP growth of almost 0.2%. Moreover, we observe the important roles of capital, labor, trade, human capital, and intellectual property rights in driving growth, consistent with the theory of endogenous growth. Proving the importance of digitalization for economic growth can be an argument for policies aimed at promoting digitalization. We suggest further research on the role of digitalization at a more disaggregated level of industries. However, our study does not demonstrate a statistically significant effect of research activity and institutional quality on gross output. We have discussed possible reasons for this and propose further research in these areas

Formation of V. Vernadsky's noospheric ideas as the basis of the educational pedagogical policy strategy

The aim of the scientific research is a philosophical comprehension of the noosphere ideas of Academician V.I. Vernadsky under the prism of temporal and socio-political changes. Spirituality is considered as an educational goal of the human true. The study focuses on the analysis and design of future humanity - a biosphere cell-the region's noosphere and its unit matrix - a noosphere-educated integral personality. The authors of the study intend to carry out a philosophical analysis of the world life under the conditions of civilizational changes and transformations.The theoretical research is based on the works of V.I. Vernadsky and his followers: Whitehead A., Fedorov N., Schelling F.I.J., Spengler O., Samodrin A. and others. The application of methods that helped to conduct theoretical research-analysis and synthesis, systematization of materials, historical and logical, comparative, systemic and structural, allowed to study the essence of the research problem. Our study is an attempt through the prism of V.I. Vernadsky's personality to notice the guidelines for improving the noosphere personal potential formation mechanisms of the Ukrainian for the success of effective shifts of education and science in the direction of noosphere consciousness revolution