Efectividad de la fisioterapia en pacientes con diagnóstico de infecciones respiratorias agudas de o a 9 años de edad que asisten a la Unidad de Salud de Yayantique, departamento de La Unión, período julio a septiembre de 2007

RESUMEN: Las infecciones respiratorias son un conjunto de procesos causados por diferentes gérmenes o condiciones ambientales de gravedad muy variables que afecta el sistema respiratorio, habitualmente se llaman Agudas o Crónicas, según el tiempo de evolución que estas tienen en el paciente, presenta fiebre, tos, secreciones, malestar general, estornudos, respiración superficial. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue aplicar la fisioterapia a pacientes con diagnóstico de IRAS de 0 a 9 años de edad que asistieron a la Unidad de Salud de Yayantique, departamento de La Unión, en un período comprendido de Julio a Septiembre de 2007; los objetivos específicos fueron siete, algunos de ellos son: Clasificar los distintos tipos de Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas que presentan los niños parte de la muestra, identificar los factores que dan origen a las infecciones Respiratorias Agudas de la población en estudio, entre otros. La Hipótesis General se formuló de la siguiente manera: Los pacientes con diagnóstico de IRAS entre 0 a 9 años de edad, mejoran la función respiratoria con la aplicación de la fisioterapia; la cual se pudo comprobar por medio de dicho estudio. Dicha investigación se realizó con una muestra de 22 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión del estudio. El tipo de investigación fue prospectiva, descriptiva y transversal. Las técnicas de obtención de información fueron la técnica Documental, Bibliográfica, Hemerográfica y Técnicas de Campo, como la Guía de Entrevista, dirigida a las madres y la Hoja de Evaluación de Paciente, también se hizo uso de materiales como: vibrador, crema, estetoscopio, bastón, almohada, canapé, hojas de evaluación y de entrevistas. A partir de los resultados se concluye que la fisioterapia respiratoria es un área que beneficia a los pacientes con diagnóstico de IRAS mejorando su estado físico, ya que el 100% de los pacientes que conformaron la muestra presentó una evolución notable en el período de los 3 meses de tratamiento. ABSTRACT: Respiratory infections are a set of processes caused by different germs or highly variable environmental conditions that affect the respiratory system, usually called Acute or Chronic, depending on the time of evolution that these have in the patient, with fever, cough, discharge, general discomfort, sneezing, and shallow breathing. The main objective of this study was to apply physiotherapy to patients diagnosed with IRAS from 0 to 9 years of age who attended the Health Unit of Yayantique, Department of The Union, in a period from July to September 2007; the specific objectives were seven, some of them are: Classify the different types of Acute Respiratory Infections that present children part of the sample, identify the factors that give rise to Acute Respiratory infections of the population under study, among others. The General Hypothesis was formulated as follows: Patients with diagnosis of IRAS between 0 and 9 years of age, improve respiratory function with the application of physiotherapy; which could be verified through this study. This research was conducted with a sample of 22 patients who met the inclusion criteria of the study. The type of research was prospective, descriptive and transversal. The techniques for obtaining information were the Documentary, Bibliographic, Hemerographic and Field Techniques technique, such as the Interview Guide, aimed at mothers and the Patient Evaluation Sheet, also made use of materials such as: vibrator, cream, stethoscope, cane, pillow, canape, evaluation and interview sheets. Based on the results, it is concluded that respiratory physiotherapy is an area that benefits patients diagnosed with IRAS by improving their physical condition, since 100% of the patients who formed the sample showed a significant evolution in the 3-month treatment period

Risk of recurrence after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19- associated venous thromboembolism: a prospective multicentre cohort studyResearch in context

Background: The clinical relevance of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE remains uncertain. We estimated the incidence rates and mortality of VTE recurrences developing after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was conducted between March 25, 2020, and July 26, 2023, including patients who had discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of therapy. All patients from the registry were analyzed during the study period to verify inclusion criteria. Patients with superficial vein thrombosis, those who did not receive at least 3 months of anticoagulant therapy, and those who were followed for less than 15 days after discontinuing anticoagulation were excluded. Outcomes were: 1) Incidence rates of symptomatic VTE recurrences, and 2) fatal PE. The rate of VTE recurrences was defined as the number of patients with recurrent VTE divided by the patient-years at risk of recurrent VTE during the period when anticoagulation was discontinued. Findings: Among 1106 patients with COVID-19-associated VTE (age 62.3 ± 14.4 years; 62.9% male) followed-up for 12.5 months (p25-75, 6.3–20.1) after discontinuing anticoagulation, there were 38 VTE recurrences (3.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5–4.7%), with a rate of 3.1 per 100 patient-years (95% CI: 2.2–4.2). No patient died of recurrent PE (0%, 95% CI: 0–7.6%). Subgroup analyses showed that patients with diagnosis in 2021–2022 (vs. 2020) (Hazard ratio [HR] 2.86; 95% CI 1.45–5.68) or those with isolated deep vein thrombosis (vs. pulmonary embolism) (HR 2.31; 95% CI 1.19–4.49) had significantly higher rates of VTE recurrences. Interpretation: In patients with COVID-19-associated VTE who discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of treatment, the incidence rate of recurrent VTE and the case-fatality rate was low. Therefore, it conceivable that long-term anticoagulation may not be required for many patients with COVID-19-associated VTE, although further research is needed to confirm these findings. Funding: Sanofi and Rovi, Sanofi Spain

Risk of recurrence after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19- associated venous thromboembolism: a prospective multicentre cohort studyResearch in context

Summary: Background: The clinical relevance of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE remains uncertain. We estimated the incidence rates and mortality of VTE recurrences developing after discontinuing anticoagulation in patients with COVID-19-associated VTE. Methods: A prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study was conducted between March 25, 2020, and July 26, 2023, including patients who had discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of therapy. All patients from the registry were analyzed during the study period to verify inclusion criteria. Patients with superficial vein thrombosis, those who did not receive at least 3 months of anticoagulant therapy, and those who were followed for less than 15 days after discontinuing anticoagulation were excluded. Outcomes were: 1) Incidence rates of symptomatic VTE recurrences, and 2) fatal PE. The rate of VTE recurrences was defined as the number of patients with recurrent VTE divided by the patient-years at risk of recurrent VTE during the period when anticoagulation was discontinued. Findings: Among 1106 patients with COVID-19-associated VTE (age 62.3 ± 14.4 years; 62.9% male) followed-up for 12.5 months (p25-75, 6.3–20.1) after discontinuing anticoagulation, there were 38 VTE recurrences (3.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.5–4.7%), with a rate of 3.1 per 100 patient-years (95% CI: 2.2–4.2). No patient died of recurrent PE (0%, 95% CI: 0–7.6%). Subgroup analyses showed that patients with diagnosis in 2021–2022 (vs. 2020) (Hazard ratio [HR] 2.86; 95% CI 1.45–5.68) or those with isolated deep vein thrombosis (vs. pulmonary embolism) (HR 2.31; 95% CI 1.19–4.49) had significantly higher rates of VTE recurrences. Interpretation: In patients with COVID-19-associated VTE who discontinued anticoagulation after at least 3 months of treatment, the incidence rate of recurrent VTE and the case-fatality rate was low. Therefore, it conceivable that long-term anticoagulation may not be required for many patients with COVID-19-associated VTE, although further research is needed to confirm these findings. Funding: Sanofi and Rovi, Sanofi Spain