Alteraciones del sueño en la EPOC

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Infants are not obligatory nasal breathers

It is widely believed that infants are obligatory nasal breathers. We studied 19 infants, 1 to 230 days of age, for respiratory responses to acute nasal occlusion. Lips were kept apart. Oropharyngeal structures were monitored by fluoroscopy, whereas respiratory movements and oral flow were recorded. We systematically observed before and during nasal occlusion tight apposition of the soft palate and the tongue, closing the oropharyngeal isthmus. After a variable time (mean 7.8 s, range 0.6 to 32 s), the soft palate rose and oral breathing was initiated. Time required to mouthbreathe was related to age and/or conscious state, older and/or awake infants responding faster than younger and/or asleep infants. In 9 others, when nasal occlusion was performed with the mouth closed, results were comparable to those obtained in infants with mouths open. In 3 infants, electroencephalograph (EEG) records showed quiet non-REM sleep. Nasal occlusion resulted in an immediate arousal reaction, followed after a variable time by mouth breathing. We conclude that infants are not obligatory nasal breathers. They can breathe through the mouth by detaching the soft palate from the tongue, thus opening the oropharyngeal isthmus.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pharmacokinetics of oral acetylcysteine: Absorption, binding and metabolism in patients with respiratory disorders

SCOPUS: NotDefined.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pharmacokinetics of oral acetylcysteine: absorption, binding and metabolism in patients with respiratory disorders

The fate of an oral 100 mg dose of 35S-acetylcysteine, a mucolytic agent, was studied in 10 patients with respiratory disorders, 5 of whom underwent pneumonectomy or lobectomy a few hours after administration of the drug. In the 5 nonoperated patients, plasma radioactivity concentrations were maximal after 2 to 3 hr and remained high after 24 hr; about 22% of radioactivity was excreted in urine after 24 hr. In the 5 operated patients, plasma radioactivity concentrations were comparable with those in the nonoperated patients. Lung tissue radioactivity concentrations after 5 hr were comparable with those in plasma, while the presence of small amounts of radioactivity in the bronchial secretions indicates that acetylcysteine passes into the mucus. Total radioactivity after 5 hr consisted of free, unchanged drug and metabolites (about 22% of total in plasma, 48% in lung tissue), unchanged drug bound to protein by means of labile disulphide bridges (about 14% in plasma, 47% in lung tissue), and drug firmly bound to protein (about 64% in plasma, 5% in lung tissue). Oral acetylcysteine is rapidly absorbed and slowly excreted and is available in the lung in an active form for at least 5 hr at high concentrations.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pulmonary function in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Influence of beta 2 agonist aerosols on pressure volume characteristics of the lungs

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Mechanical consequences of SCH 1000 inhalation and intravenous atropine

SCOPUS: NotDefined.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Mechanism of flow increase limitation after beta adrenergic stimulation

SCOPUS: NotDefined.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Effects of vagal blockade on lung mechanics in normal man

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe