Testing supervised classifiers based on non-negative matrix factorization to musical instrument classification

In this paper, a class of algorithms for automatic classification of individual musical instrument sounds is presented. Two feature sets were employed, the first containing perceptual features and MPEG-7 descriptors and the second containing rhythm patterns developed for the SOMeJB project. The features were measured for 300 sound recordings consisting of 6 different musical instrument classes. Subsets of the feature set are selected using branch-and-bound search, obtaining the most suitable features for classification. A class of supervised classifiers is developed based on the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). The standard NMF method is examined as well as its modifications: the local and the sparse NMF. The experiments compare the two feature sets alongside the various NMF algorithms. The results demonstrate an almost perfect classification for the first set using the standard NMF algorithm (classification error 1.0 %), outperforming the state-of-the-art techniques tested for the aforementioned experiment

A VEZ DA LOUCURA: A PARTICIPAÇÃO DE PESSOAS COM TRANSTORNOS PSIQUIÁTRICOS NOS ESPAÇOS PÚBLICOS DE DEBATE SOBRE AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE SAÚDE MENTAL

Este trabalho é resultado da análise realizada nos encontros estaduais de saúde mental no Rio Grande do Sul ocorridos em 2009. A pesquisa teve como objetivos identificar a participação dos usuários dos serviços de saúde mental (os pacientes psiquiátricos) do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) nos debates nos espaços públicos do campo da saúde mental no estado. Também visa analisar seus propósitos, relações, alianças e conflitos, situando-os na distribuição global de poder e examinando sua participação na discussão de políticas públicas em saúde mental. Para isso, foi feita a observação in loco dos encontros estaduais de saúde mental em 2009. Também foram obtidos dados em conversas informais e pela pesquisa documental, em diversas fontes. Concluímos que os usuários possuem espaços para manifestação, agindo ativamente na área de saúde mental no Rio Grande do Sul, mas estes espaços são ainda restritos, menos importantes em relação ao destinado a outros grupos

Modelos de formação médica em perspectiva comparada : análise dos cursos de graduação em Medicina da UFRGS e da UFPE

Este trabalho analisa o processo de implementação da política de ensino superior para os cursos de graduação em medicina no Brasil, abordando especialmente o impacto das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) de 2001, na comparação entre os currículos dos cursos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE - Campus Recife). Foram coletadas informações das estruturas de ambos os cursos e realizadas entrevistas na UFRGS para a compreensão de como fatores ligados à estrutura da instituição influenciaram na adesão à política pública. Concluiu-se que o curso de graduação em medicina da UFRGS passou por diversas modificações sob o impacto das políticas públicas, modernizando seu currículo, mas com a manutenção da estrutura curricular tradicional, ao contrário do curso de graduação em medicina da UFPE – Campus Recife, que adotou um currículo inovador. No caso da UFRGS, isso ocorreu em função da dinâmica dos grupos políticos dominantes, que negociaram um acordo para garantir que inovações pudessem ser incrementadas para contemplar a legislação, no sentido da ampliação da atuação na atenção básica e de conteúdos ligados à saúde coletiva, ao mesmo tempo em que foi possível a manutenção da centralidade hospitalar e da formação de especialistas.This paper analyzes the process of implementing the higher education policy for undergraduate medical courses in Brazil, especially addressing the impact of the National Curriculum Guidelines (DCN) of 2001 when comparing the curricula of courses at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE - Campus Recife). Information on the structures of both courses was collected and interviews were conducted at UFRGS to understand how factors linked to the structure of the institution influenced the adherence to public policies. It was concluded that the undergraduate course in medicine at UFRGS underwent several modifications under the impact of public policies, modernizing its curriculum, but with the maintenance of the traditional curriculum structure, unlike the undergraduate course in medicine at UFPE - Campus Recife, which adopted an innovative curriculum. In the case of UFRGS, this occurred due to the dynamics of the dominant political groups, which negotiated an agreement to ensure that innovations could be increased to include legislation, in the sense of expanding the performance in primary care and content related to public health, to the same time that it was possible to maintain the central hospital and the training of specialists

Van der Waals bond lengths and electronic spectral shifts of the benzene---Kr and benzene---Xe complexes

Rotationally resolved UV-spectra are presented for the 610 bands of benzene---Kr and benzene---Xe complexes yielding precise rotational constants and van der Waals bond lengths for the ground and excited vibronic state, and electronic band shifts. These value complement the previously published data for the other rare gases and the various quantities have now been determined for all the benzene—rare gas complexes. Measured values of the bond length were used to calculate the band shifts from recent theoretical predictions. They are compared with the experimental values of this work

Moderate toxic effects following acute zonisamide overdose

Zonisamide is an antiepileptic drug that acts on voltage-sensitive sodium and calcium channels, with a modulatory effect on GABA-mediated neuronal inhibition and an inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase. It is used mainly for the treatment of partial seizures, and is generally well tolerated at therapeutic doses. The most common reported adverse effects are somnolence, anorexia, dizziness, and headache. There are limited data on zonisamide overdose in the literature, and no case of zonisamide mono-intoxication has been published to date. We describe the first case of zonisamide mono-intoxication in a 25-year-old woman who ingested 12.6 g of this substance with suicidal intent. Despite a plasma zonisamide concentration of 182 mg/L on admission, the patient exhibited a benign clinical course with vomiting and central nervous system depression, requiring brief intubation. Somnolence persisted for 50 hours, and normal-anion-gap metabolic acidosis and polyuria for several days. Complete recovery may be expected with supportive care, even after ingestion of large zonisamide overdoses

Ultra-processed food consumption and risk of obesity: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank

Objective: To examine the associations between ultra-processed food consumption and risk of obesity among UK adults. Methods: Participants aged 40-69 years at recruitment in the UK Biobank (2006-2019) with dietary intakes collected using 24-hour recall and repeated measures of adiposity - body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and percentage of body fat (% BF) - were included (N=22,659; median follow-up: 5 years). Ultra-processed foods were identified using the NOVA classification and their consumption was expressed as a percentage of total energy intake. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of several indicators of obesity according to ultra-processed food consumption. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics. Results: 947 incident cases of overall obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) and 1,900 incident cases of abdominal obesity (men: WC≥102cm, women: WC≥88cm) were identified during follow-up. Participants in the highest quartile of ultra-processed food consumption had significantly higher risk of developing overall obesity (HR: 1.79; 95%CI: 1.06─3.03) and abdominal obesity (HR: 1.30; 95%CI: 1.14─1.48). They had higher risk of experiencing a ≥5% increase in BMI (HR: 1.31; 95%CI: 1.20─1.43), WC (HR: 1.35; 95%CI: 1.25─1.45) and %BF (HR: 1.14; 95%CI: 1.03─1.25), than those in the lowest quartile of consumption. Conclusions: Our findings provide evidence that higher consumption of ultra-processed food is strongly associated with a higher risk of multiple indicators of obesity in the UK adult population. Policy makers should consider actions that promote consumption of fresh or minimally processed foods and reduce consumption of ultra-processed foods