Parametric Analysis of Fabricated Supercapacitors from Raw Clay

Energy-storage devices have been the subject of many research studies in both experimental and theoretical schemes. Recent interests have been developed in the fabrication and technological application of supercapacitors.Throughout a designed procedure and methodology. A number of supercapacitor has been fabricated by using simple methods, with high capability. therefore , the made the supercapacitor from available material   in natural  and easy obtain of that, and this material is raw clay with separation between the electrodes LDPE is used  in shopping as the carries bag of treatment it. Of fabricated supercapasitor have capacity 3.5F of discharge time 1500s at voltage 50 mV of specific power 24w/Kg of energy 145J

Electrical and thermal characteristics of MWCNTs modified carbon fiber/epoxy composite films

To enhance interfacial bonding between carbon fibers and epoxy matrix, the carbon fibers have been modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the dip- coating technique. FT-IR spectrum of the MWCNTs shows a peak at 1640 cm−1 corresponding to the stretching mode of the C=C double bond which forms the framework of the carbon nanotube sidewall. The broad peak at 3430 cm−1 is due to O–H stretching vibration of hydroxyl groups and the peak at 1712 cm−1 corresponds to the carboxylic (C=O) group attached to the carbon fiber. The peaks at 2927 cm−1 and 2862 cm−1 are assigned to C–H stretching vibration of epoxy produced at the defect sites of acid-oxidized carbon fiber surface. SEM image shows a better interface bonding between the fiber and the matrix of modified composites (MWCNTs-CF/Ep) than those of unmodified composite. The loss factor curve of CF-MWCNTs/Ep composites is the narrowest compared with neat epoxy and CF/Ep composites which evinces that the length distribution range of molecular chain segments in the matrix is the narrowest. From the dependence of the AC conductivity on temperature, we can see that σAC increases when temperature increases. The increase in electrical conductivity of the composites may be a result of the increased chain ordering due to annealing effect. The use of MWCNTs to modify the surface of carbon fiber resulted in a large amount of junctions among MWCNT causing an increase in the electrical and thermal conductivity by forming conducting paths in the matrix. The MWCNTs-CF/Ep composite shows better thermal stability than unmodified composites. The strong interaction between CF and MWCNTs can retard diffusion of small molecules from the resin matrix at high temperature and hence, result in the improved thermal stability of the modified CF/Ep composite