A methodology to investigate and visualise the geographical provenance of road traffic casualties in deprived areas

This paper demonstrates a methodology based on spatial overlay techniques, casualty data and national deprivation scores, to quantify and visualise the geographical provenance of road traffic casualties in deprived areas. A case study of four districts with varying deprivation in Greater Manchester, UK is presented. It is shown that most injuries to pedestrians and car occupants occur in areas of similar levels of affluence/deprivation to that of where the casualties live. Thus, it is proposed that the phenomenon underlying the cause of road traffic injuries are probably universal despite the differences in factors such as demography and level of deprivation

High Intrinsic Mobility and Ultrafast Carrier Dynamics in Multilayer Metal Dichalcogenide MoS2

The ultimate limitations on carrier mobilities in metal dichalcogenides, and the dynamics associated with carrier relaxation, are unclear. We present measurements of the frequency-dependent conductivity of multilayer dichalcogenide MoS2 by optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy. We find mobilities in this material approaching 4200 cm2/Vs at low temperatures. The temperature dependence of scattering indicates that the mobility, an order of magnitude larger than previously reported for MoS2, is intrinsically limited by acoustic phonon scattering at THz frequencies. Our measurements of carrier relaxation reveal picosecond cooling times followed by recombination lasting tens of nanoseconds and dominated by Auger scattering into defects. Our results provide a useful context in which to understand and evaluate the performance of MoS2-based electronic and optoelectronic devices.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

A Proposed Agent System for Network Monitoring

The traditional centralized network management approach presents severe efficiency and scalability limitations in large scale networks. The process of data collection and analysis typically involves huge transfers of management data to the manager which cause considerable network throughput and bottlenecks at the manager side. All these problems processed using the Agent technology as a solution to distribute the management functionality over the network elements. The proposed system consists of the server agent that is working together with clients agents to monitor the logging (off, on) of the clients computers and which user is working on it. file system watcher mechanism is used to indicate any change in files. The results were presented in real time which is minimizing the cost that represents the important factor to successful management of networks that was achieved using agents

Home Environment Characteristics and BMI Z-Score Among Saudi Preschool Children: A Feasibility Study

Objective: To assess feasibility of using preschools in Saudi Arabia as a source for collecting nutrition-related data; To examine associations among home environment characteristics and child BMI z-score (BMIz).Methods: Fifty-three (3-5 years old) children and their mothers were recruited from two preschools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Mothers completed a self-administered questionnaire. Child anthropometry was completed using standardized procedures. BMIz was calculated using the WHO growth standards and reference data. Associations between child and home environment variables were tested using Pearson correlation, t-tests and ANOVA.Results: Participation rate in the middle-to high-income preschool was higher compared to the low- to middle-income preschool (27.3% vs. 17.4%, respectively). Increase in child age and maternal BMI were associated with lower maternal playtime with the child (r= -0.31, p= 0.02, and r= -0.38, p= 0.006, respectively). Increase in child age was also associated with lower paternal playtime with the child (r= -0.26, p= 0.05). Paternal playtime with the child was positively associated with both paternal involvement in feeding (r= 0.30, p= 0.03) and regular family mealtimes (r= 0.26, p=0.05). There was a trend of positive association between paternal involvement in feeding and higher child BMIz (r= 0.26, p=0.08). Mean child BMIz was lower when mothers had ³ a college education vs. not (p= 0.04). Greater child screen time was associated with fewer family mealtimes (p= 0.01).Conclusion: Increasing awareness is needed in order to improve feasibility of studies conducted in Saudi preschools; Future work is needed to further establish the associations of home environment characteristics and child obesity

Electrical transport across Au/Nb:SrTiO3 Schottky interface with different Nb doping

We have investigated electron transport in Nb doped SrTiO$_3$ single crystals for two doping densities. We find that the resistivity and mobility are temperature dependent in both whereas the carrier concentration is almost temperature invariant. We rationalize this using the hydrogenic theory for shallow donors. Further, we probe electrical transport across Schottky interfaces of Au on TiO$_2$ terminated n-type SrTiO$_3$. Quantitative analysis of macroscopic I-V measurements reveal thermionic emission dominated transport for the low doped substrate whereas it deviates from such behavior for the high doped substrate. This work is relevant for designing devices to study electronic transport using oxide-semiconductors.Comment: 10 Pages, 3 Figure

Frequency reconfigurable patch antenna for 4G LTE applications

A compact printed multi-band frequency reconfigurable patch antenna for 4G LTE applications is presented in this paper (50 x 60 x 1.6 mm3). The antenna consists of W-shaped and Inverted-U shaped patch lines connected in a Tree-shape on the front side of the antenna. The back-side of the antenna contains a 90°-tilted T-shaped strip connected with an Inverted-L shaped strip which is shorted with a patch on the front side for increasing the electrical length to cover lower frequency bands. Frequency reconfigurability is achieved by inserting three switches i.e., PIN diodes. The most critical part of this work is the designing of RLC-based DC line circuits for providing the DC biasing to the PIN diodes used as switches and inserting them at optimum locations. This antenna is reconfigurable among eight different 4G LTE frequency bands including 0.9 GHz, 1.4 GHz, 1.5 GHz, 1.6 GHz, 1.7 GHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.6 GHz, 3.5 GHz and WLAN band 2.5 GHz. The antenna exhibits different radiation patterns having a different direction of peak gain at different frequencies and for different switching combinations. The antenna is simulated with CST, and a prototype is fabricated to compare the measured and simulated results with good accuracy

Mineral Chemistry and Nomenclature of Amphiboles of Garnet Bearing Amphibolites From Thana Bhilwara, Rajasthan, India

Amphiboles are frequently observed in the medium to high grade metamorphic rocks of garnet bearing amphibolites from Thana. In present work, authors have discussed the mineral chemistry and nomenclature of amphiboles. On the basis of mineral chemistry, the amphibole from garnet bearing amphibolite are normally varies from Hastingsite, Ferropargasite to Tschermakite variety

Ultrafast Carrier Recombination and Generation Rates for Plasmon Emission and Absorption in Graphene

Electron-hole generation and recombination rates for plasmon emission and absorption in Graphene are presented. The recombination times of carriers due to plasmon emission have been found to be in the tens of femtoseconds to hundreds of picoseconds range. The recombination times depend sensitively on the carrier energy, carrier density, temperature, and the plasmon dispersion. Carriers near the Dirac point are found to have much longer lifetimes compared to carriers at higher energies. Plasmons in a Graphene layer on a polar substrate hybridize with the surface optical phonons and this hybridization modifies the plasmon dispersion. We also present generation and recombination rates of carriers due to plasmon emission and absorption in Graphene layers on polar substrates.Comment: 7 Pages, 11 Figures, To appear in Phys. Rev. B (2011