A clinico-epidemiological profile of Parkinson’s disease patients attending the tertiary care hospital of hilly state of North India: a hospital based cross-sectional study

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, with male preponderance. It is associated with both motor and non-motor symptoms, which affect quality of life in elderly people. Due to paucity of studies on its epidemiology and prevalence, this disease needs assiduity and further exploration.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in the tertiary care hospital, among 45 patients diagnosed with PD.Results: The mean age of the participants was 61.17±12.30 years, with male to female ratio was 2:1. The average age of onset of PD was 57.4±12.30 years. Tremor was the most common initial symptom (68.88%) followed by rigidity (20%) and bradykinesia. Most of the patients (86.66%) had progressive symptoms, and 69% had unilateral involvement of limbs.Conclusions: The profile of patients with PD in Himachal Pradesh is similar to that from other populations in India and other developing countries. However, the dearth of studies and data pertaining to PD, invigorate the need to explore this neurodegenerative disorder to comprehend its clinic-epidemiological profile in our state

CONSOLE_WP2_Task2.3_Analysis of successful experiences outside Europe_2022.10.19_V06

The data set provides a collection of 69 records related to the case studies investigated by the CONSOLE Consortium partners. These records illustrate a range of examples of innovative contract solutions developed beyond the CONSOLE project case studies. Specifically, the data set provides a list of references to documents and their description according to the CONSOLE WP2 guidelines. The list includes a brief description and the link to the documents. The documents are available online except for scientific papers that are not open acces

CONSOLE Project - Deliverable 1.2 - "Identification of potential improved solutions"

This deliverable describes the activies and the results developed in the task 1.2 “Stakeholder co-construction of potential improved solutions”. The objective is to identify the most promising solutions able to improve the design of contracts for agri-environmental-climate public goods (AECPGs) in different case studies and in EU as a whole. The activities carried out involved a surbey among partners, including selectd stakeholders, and a workshop with a broad participation of stakeholders. Several cases were identified that attracted a wide attention by partners from many countries. Three main AECPGs (carbon sequestration, biodiversity, water quality) were mostly confirmed as of high or very high importance in most cases. The furher discussion allowed to identify implications for the upcoming WPs. A general message is the high interest for result-based mechanisms, but also the importance of considering hybrid solutions

CONSOLE Project - Deliverable 1.1 - "Preliminary framework"

The objective of this document is to provide an initial conceptual framework for the project CONSOLE. The initial framework aims at providing a basis for interpretation of the project activities, hence connecting project objectives, approach and the state of the art about the topic. In order to achieve this objective, this initial version of the framework takes mainly the approach of an organized broad literature review in support of the project expected activities. It also aims at identifying the relevant definitions and scope for the project. Finally and foremost, it investigates the tentative logic of a preliminary conceptual framework to be further developed into an operational framework in the following tasks of WP1 (and of the project as a whole). In order to meet these tasks, the literature considered is not restricted to the specific contract types addressed by the project (see below), but rather attempts to contextualise these contract types in the wider literature on agri- environmental-climate public goods (AECPGs) provision by agriculture and forestry. In doing so, we acknowledge the wide variety of hybrid and mixed solutions that may be relevant in practice. In addition, we have tried to review specifically the most recent scientific literature, including the most debated issues; some classical concepts that are well established in the literature may be neglected or under-represented here

Incentive mechanisms of carbon farming contracts: A systematic mapping study

: Despite increasing interest, a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the efficient design and implementation of carbon farming schemes remains. These schemes must efficiently achieve higher carbon sequestration, incentivize farmers, and increase farmers' participation in global carbon markets. Our study systematically reviews, describes, and maps available evidence related to carbon farming contracts to assess different incentive mechanisms for carbon farming. We conduct a systematic mapping review of articles extracted from various databases employing the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence method. We shortlist 52 articles and analyze about 40 global case studies, identifying three main incentive mechanisms of carbon farming contracts, namely, result-based, action-based, and hybrid payments. We examine how these incentive mechanisms are designed, in addition to associated payment types, monitoring approaches, and barriers to implementation. Result-based payments include stringent monitoring and can be implemented through auctions, carbon credits, product labels or certificates. Action-based payments are found to be simpler, with lower monitoring requirements for farmers and can be paid upfront or after contract implementation. Hybrid payments combine both techniques, offering low-risk and guaranteed payments for farmers and definite environmental mitigation impacts. Result-based and hybrid payments motivate farmers to innovate to meet environmental objectives while also connecting them to carbon markets. The major challenges to developing a successful carbon farming project include lack of permanence, non-additionality, and the absence of stringent monitoring, reporting, and verification standards, all of which affect farmers' incentives. This study determines that carbon farming contract design and efficiency can be improved by analyzing the lessons learned from previous experiences. By examining and improving the attributes that define different incentive mechanisms, farmers can be better motivated to enroll in carbon farming schemes and benefit from increased access to carbon markets to potentially transform agriculture into a viable tool for climate action

Leiomyosarcoma with rhabdoid differentiation arising from leiomyoma: A rare entity

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) arising in a leiomyoma (LM) is a rare event. Still rare is rhabdomyoblastic differentiation in leiomyosacoma. We present such a case of LMS uterus with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation arising in an LM in a 60-year-old menopausal woman who presented with lower abdominal pain. An ultrasound scan was suggestive of uterine fibroid. Total abdominal hysterectomy was performed for presumed LM. Grossly, fibroid had variegated appearance along with focal areas having whorling pattern and histopathology showed leiomyosarcomatous change in a benign LM with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. This is a rare complication of LM and precise diagnosis of LMS is essential since it has an aggressive behavior

Evolution of Flood Defense Strategies: Toward Nature-Based Solutions

none3siFlood defense strategies have evolved from hard-engineered systems to nature-based solutions that advocate for sustainability to meet today’s environmental, social, and economic goals. This paper aims to analyze the historical progression and evolutionary trends in flood control strategies that have led to nature-based solutions. An evaluative literature review was conducted to narrate the evolution of nature-based flood management approaches for different flood types, river floods, coastal floods, and stormwater run-offs. The analysis reflected three evolutionary trends: the transformation of hard measures to soft measures; secondly, the increase in society’s attention to ecosystems and their services; and, finally, divergence from single-function solutions to multi-function solutions. However, continuous monitoring and evaluation of the previous projects and adapting to the lessons learned are the key to progress towards sustainable flood management strategies and their societal acceptance.openChiu, Yen-Yu; Raina, Nidhi; Chen, Hung-EnChiu, Yen-Yu; Raina, Nidhi; Chen, Hung-E

IJCM_289A: Determination of factors favouring the snake bite mortality in Himachal Pradesh

Background: Snake bite is an established important cause of morbidity and mortality among the poor and rural population across the world including India. India accounts for the highest number of snakebites and related mortality globally. Objective: Identification of factors favoring the mortality due to snake bite. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2022 to March 2023, and deaths due to snake bites reported from different health care facilities and community were included in the study. Results: A case-fatality rate of 5.9% due to snake bite was documented in the study. The factors identified as favorable for mortality were delayed treatment, followed by suboptimal care at primary and secondary health care facilities and traditional beliefs of the community. Conclusion: Provision of emergency service as point of care delivery, focusing on provision of training to strength point of care emergency services, co-ordination and linkages with the community members can strengthen the efforts toward reducing the mortality due to snake bites

Detecting Carbapenemase Production amongst Gram Negative Isolates and its Role in Appropriate Antibiotic Selection

Multidrug resistance has been increasing world wide amongst most microrganisms, and adding to increased rate of both hospital and community acquired infections. Of all resistance mechanisms the alarming spread of carbapenemase producers is most worrisome and needs to be tackled head on. The present study was undertaken with the objective of determining the prevalence of carbapenemase producers and its significance in selecting the appropiate antibiotic for clinical use.The study was undertaken by the department of Microbiology and Immunology of SGRRIM&HS, Dehradun over a period of six months. A total of 1918 varied clinical specimens were subjected to Bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity determination. Further carbapenemase production was detected phenotypically using modified carbapenemase inactivation method (mCIM) for randomly selected 152 carbapenem resistant gram negative isolates. Total of 58.55% isolates tested mCIM test positive of which the highest percentage (71.4%) were Pseudomonas spp, while 17.2% isolates were not found to be carbapenemase producers i.e mCIM negative. These results substantiate the importance of differentiating the carbapenemase producers from non producers to aid in rational use of antibiotics