Thirty Minutes Identified as the Threshold for Development of Pain in Low Back and Feet Regions, and Predictors of Intensity of Pain during 1-h Laboratory-Based Standing in Office Workers

[Abstract] This study with 40 office workers investigated (a) the effect of time spent standing on low- back and lower limb pain during a 1-h laboratory-based task; (b) the standing time after which a significant increase in pain is likely; and (c) the individual, physical and psychosocial factors that predict pain. The primary outcome was bodily location of pain and pain intensity on a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale recorded at baseline and every 15 min. Physical measures included trunk and hip motor control and endurance. Self-report history of pain, physical activity, psychosocial job characteristics, pain catastrophizing and general health status were collected. Univariate analysis and regression models were included. The prevalence of low-back pain increased from 15% to 40% after 30 min while feet pain increased to 25% from 0 at baseline. The intensity of low-back and lower limb pain also increased over time. A thirty-minute interval was identified as the threshold for the development and increase in low-back and feet pain. Modifiable factors were associated with low-back pain intensity—lower hip abductor muscle endurance and poorer physical health, and with feet symptoms—greater body mass index and less core stability

Eosinophilic esophagitis, celiac disease, and immunoglobulin E–mediated allergy in a 2-year-old child

This communication was presented at XXVI National Congress of SEAIC, Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Bilbao, Spain, 2008Celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and urticaria are 3 manifestations of food allergy with different pathogenic mechanisms. We report the case of a 2-year-old child with digestive symptoms, slow growth, and severe asthma. The results of skin prick tests were positive to several foods. Endoscopy revealed eosinophilic esophagitis and celiac disease. Treatment consisted of a gluten-free diet and a 1-month course of oral corticosteroids. Endoscopy and biopsy fi ndings were normal at 5 years of age. A gluten-free diet is the basis of treatment of celiac disease, but the role of an elimination diet in eosinophilic esophagitis is not well established. Our patient also developed urticaria when exposed to milk and egg. We present, to our knowledge, the fi rst report of a patient with celiac disease, eosinophilic esophagitis, and immediate-type immunoglobulin E–mediated food allergyEnfermedad celíaca, esofagitis eosinofílica y urticaria son tres manifestaciones clínicas de alergia a alimentos con diferente etiopatogénesis. Describimos el caso de una niña de 2 años de edad con síntomas digestivos, retraso del desarrollo póndero-estatural y asma persistente. Las pruebas cutáneas fueron positivas a varios alimentos. La endoscopia digestiva y biopsias mostraron signos de esofagitis eosinofílica y enfermedad celíaca. Realizó dieta exenta de gluten y de los alimentos a los que estaba sensibilizada y siguió tratamiento con corticoides orales un mes. A los 5 años de edad, la endoscopia digestiva alta y biopsias esofágicas fueron normales. Una dieta exenta de gluten es la base del tratamiento de la enfermedad celiaca. Sin embargo, el papel de las dietas de eliminación en la esofagitis eosinofílica no ha sido totalmente establecido. La paciente desarrolló además urticaria tras contacto con leche y huevo. Presentamos el primer caso de enfermedad celiaca, esofagitis eosinofi lica y alergia alimentaria mediada por IgE en el mismo pacient

Isothiourea-catalysed enantioselective radical conjugate addition under batch and flow conditions

Financial support was provided by the Spanish Government (RTI2018-095038-B-I00), “Comunidad de Madrid” for European Structural Funds (S2018/NMT-4367) and proyectos sinergicos I+D (Y2020/NMT-6469). J. A. F.-S. thanks the Spanish Government for a Ramón y Cajal contract. The research leading to these results has received funding from the EaSI-CAT centre for Doctoral Training (M.T.W) and Carlsberg Foundation (M.J.).The photocatalytic generation of α-amino radicals is combined with chiral isothiourea derived α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium intermediates. The reaction proceeds via a [3+2] radical-polar crossover mechanism to generate γ-lactams in good yields and enantioselectivities. The enantioselective radical conjugate addition was carried out under batch and flow conditions.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Therapeutic implications of NK cell regulation of allogeneic CD8 T cell-mediated immune responses stimulated through the direct pathway of antigen presentation in transplantation

[EN]Natural killer (NK) cells are a population of innate type I lymphoid cells essential for early anti-viral responses and are known to modulate the course of humoral and cellular-mediated T cell responses. We assessed the role of NK cells in allogeneic CD8 T cell-mediated responses in an immunocompetent mouse model across an MHC class I histocompatibility barrier to determine its impact in therapeutic clinical interventions with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting lymphoid cells in transplantation. The administration of an NK cell depleting antibody to either CD8 T cell replete or CD8 T cell-depleted naïve C57BL/6 immunocompetent mice accelerated graft rejection. This accelerated rejection response was associated with an in vivo increased cytotoxic activity of CD8 T cells against bm1 allogeneic hematopoietic cells and bm1 skin allografts. These findings show that NK cells were impli-cated in the control host anti-donor cytotoxic responses, likely by competing for common cell growth factors in both CD8 T cell replete and CD8 T cell-depleted mice, the latter reconstituting in response to lymphopenia. Our data calls for precaution in solid organ transplantation under tolerogenic protocols involving extensive depletion of lymphocytes. These pharmacological biologics with depleting proper-ties over NK cells may accelerate graft rejection and promote aggressive CD8 T cell cytotoxic allore-sponses refractory to current immunosuppression.SIThis work has been supported by grant FIS PI# 1300029 (Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Ministry of Health, Spanish Government and co-funded by European Union ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”), LE093U13 and Unit of Excellence Research UIC #012 (Department of Education of the Regional Government, Junta de Castilla y Leon) and Gerencia Regional de Salud (BIO/01/15) to JIRB, and by Miguel Servet National Grant (Health National Organization Research) CP12/03063, CPII17/00002 and FIS PI16/00002 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by European Union ERDF/ESF, “Investing in your future”), and Gerencia Regional de Salud GRS963/A/2014, GRS1142/A/2015 and GRS 1505/A/2017 to M.L.R.G.This work has been partially funded by the National Network CIBER-ONC (oncology research) CB16/12/00480. P.S. is funded by grant 31003A-17-6256 of the Swiss National Science Foundation. We thank University of Leon for providing funding to cover publication expenses

Influence of soil pH in the effects of ZnONPs on the antioxidant activities and Zn uptake in three plant species (T aestivum, R. sativus and Z. mays)

In recent years, the study of phytotoxicity of NPs has made rapid progress, but important issues remain to be solved, among them, the role of soil and the importance of the physicochemical soil characteristics for their toxicity and accumulation potential

Unveiling the impact of a CF2 motif in the isothiourea catalyst skeleton : evaluating C(3)-F2-HBTM and its catalytic activity

The St Andrews Team (A. D. S., K. K., M. T. W.) thanks the EaSI-CAT centre for Doctoral Training (MTW) and the EPSRC (EP/T023643/1; KK). The Linz team (L. S., A. E., M. W.) gratefully acknowledges generous financial support by the Austrian Science Funds (FWF) through project No. P31784, the Erasmus+ program and the JKU Linz/Upper Austria scheme. The Madrid team (J. A. F.-S., J. A., R. d. R-R.) gratefully acknowledges the Spanish Government (RTI2018-095038-B-100), “Communidad de Madrid” for European Structural Funds (S2018/NMT-4367) and proyectos sinergicos I + D (Y2020/NMT-6469) for funding. J. A. F.-S. thanks the Spanish government for a Ramón y Cajal contract.The incorporation of the CF2 motif within organic structures is known to affect the susceptibility of functional groups to oxidation, as well as altering conformation and reactivity. In this manuscript, the incorporation of the CF2 functional group within an isothiourea catalyst skeleton to give C(3)-F2-HBTM is reported. Effective gram-scale routes to both racemic and enantiopure heterocyclic Lewis bases are developed, with preliminary catalytic and kinetic activity evaluated.Peer reviewe

Death in the sun: the bioarchaeology of an early post-medieval hospital in Gibraltar

In 2014, during construction work at the ex-Civil Hospital in Gibraltar, excavations led by the Gibraltar Museum revealed a major, previously unknown burial ground containing more than 200 skeletons. We present the historical, archaeological and radiometric dating evidence from the site alongside the results of initial osteological analyses. The data indicate that the burials pertain to an earlier 16th-century Spanish hospice, and therefore stand to offer new insights into the functioning of this early modern hospital and the health and movements of people at a time of incipient globalization

Importancia de las áreas naturales protegidas para la conservación de mamíferos terrestres en el sur de la sierra Madre oriental, San Luis Potosí, México

Objective: to determine the population status of land mammals in two natural protected areas of the Sierra Madre Oriental Ecological Corridor in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: the field work was carried out in two sampling periods (from August 2014 to January 2015 and from August 2015 to February 2016) in which two non-invasive techniques were used (photo-traps and tracks identification). The Relative Abundance Index was obtained for each technique. The Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test was performed. Results: the most abundant species via photo-trapping were Sylvilagus floridanus and Sciurus aureogaster, and with tracks were Odocoileus virginianus and Mazama temama in the RBSAT and RFX, respectively. There were significant differences in the abundance of species between sites, being lower in the RBSAT by photo-trapping and higher by tracks. Twenty species were recorded by photo-trapping and 17 by tracks. Limitations on study/implications: the results of this study can be used in natural protected areas and their influence areas, however, the methodology can be applicable elsewhere.   Findings/conclusions: based on the information generated, it is suggested that carnivore abundance decreases southward, and that RFX eventually could not sustain a carnivore population in the long term. Species listed in some risk category were found in both areas, so these areas must be conserved to avoid the disappearance of these wildlife species.Objetivo. determinar el estado poblacional de los mamíferos terrestres en dos áreas naturales protegidas del Corredor Ecológico de la Sierra Madre Oriental en San Luis Potosí, México. Diseño/metodología/aproximación. el estudio de campo se realizó en dos temporadas de muestreo (agosto de 2014 a enero de 2015 y de agosto 2015 a febrero 2016) en las que se utilizaron dos técnicas no invasivas (foto trampas e identificación de rastros). Se obtuvo el Índice de Abundancia Relativa para cada método. Se realizó la prueba no paramétrica U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados. las especies más abundantes vía foto trampeo fueron Sylvilagus floridanus y Sciurus aureogaster y con rastros Odocoileus virginianus y Mazama temama en la RBSAT y la RFX, respectivamente. Hubo diferencias significativas en la abundancia de especies entre sitios, siendo menor en la RBSAT por foto trampeo y mayor por rastros. Se registraron 20 especies por foto trampeo y 17 con rastros. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones. los resultados de este estudio pueden usarse en áreas naturales protegidas y sus áreas de influencia, así como, en otros lugares. Hallazgos/conclusiones. con base a la información generada se sugiere que la abundancia de carnívoros decrece hacia el sur, y que la RFX eventualmente pudiese no sostener una población de carnívoros a largo plazo. En ambas áreas se encontraron especies listadas en alguna categoría de riesgo, por lo que estas áreas deben ser conservadas para evitar su desaparició

Experimental and Theoretical Study of Bi2O2Se Under Compression

We report a joint experimental and theoretical study of the structural, vibrational, elastic, optical, and electronic properties of the layered high-mobility semiconductor Bi2O2Se at high pressure. A good agreement between experiments and ab initio calculations is observed for the equation of state, the pressure coefficients of the Raman-active modes and the bandgap of the material. In particular, a detailed description of the vibrational properties is provided. Unlike other Sillén-type compounds which undergo a tetragonal to collapsed tetragonal pressure-induced phase transition at relatively low pressures, Bi2O2Se shows a remarkable structural stability up to 30 GPa; however, our results indicate that this compound exhibits considerable electronic changes around 4 GPa, likely related to the progressive shortening and hardening of the long and weak Bi–Se bonds linking the Bi2O2 and Se atomic layers. Variations of the structural, vibrational, and electronic properties induced by these electronic changes are discussed

From chemosynthesis-based communities to cold-water corals: Vulnerable deep-sea habitats of the Gulf of Cádiz

The Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) represents an area of ecological importance within the northeastern Atlantic Ocean due to the presence of Mediterranean and Atlantic water masses, a heterogeneous seafloor and a biological confluence. Nevertheless, information on the presence of vulnerable deep-sea habitats is still very scarce and it is of importance for further habitat monitoring within the context of the Habitats and Marine Strategy Framework Directives and for improving conservation and resource extraction management. From 2010 to 2012, fluid migration and emission related edifices (e.g., mud volcanoes, diapirs) from the Spanish continental margin of the GoC have been explored using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV; Liropus 2000) and an underwater camera sled (UCS; APHIA 2012) as well as several devices for collecting sediment and fauna. Different vulnerable deep-sea habitats have been observed, including anoxic bottoms with bacterial mats, sea-pen communities, sponge aggregations, antipatharian and gorgonian communities and also cold-water coral banks. Some of these habitats are included in conservation lists of the habitat directive and in international conventions (OSPAR, RAC/SPA), however some of them are located in areas of the GoC that are exposed to intense trawling. The diversity of habitats detected in the Spanish continental margin of the GoC highlights the importance of seepage related edifices as inducers of seabed and habitat heterogeneity in deep-sea areas.En prens