7,998 research outputs found
Quantum Crooks fluctuation theorem and quantum Jarzynski equality in the presence of a reservoir
We consider the quantum mechanical generalization of Crooks Fluctuation
Theorem and Jarzynski Equality for an open quantum system. The explicit
expression for microscopic work for an arbitrary prescribed protocol is
obtained, and the relation between quantum Crooks Fluctuation Theorem, quantum
Jarzynski Equality and their classical counterparts are clarified. Numerical
simulations based on a two-level toy model are used to demonstrate the validity
of the quantum version of the two theorems beyond linear response theory
regime.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, any comments are welcom
Jarzynski Equality, Crooks Fluctuation Theorem and the Fluctuation Theorems of Heat for Arbitrary Initial States
By taking full advantage of the dynamic property imposed by the detailed
balance condition, we derive a new refined unified fluctuation theorem (FT) for
general stochastic thermodynamic systems. This FT involves the joint
probability distribution functions of the final phase space point and a
thermodynamic variable. Jarzynski equality, Crooks fluctuation theorem, and the
FTs of heat as well as the trajectory entropy production can be regarded as
special cases of this refined unified FT, and all of them are generalized to
arbitrary initial distributions. We also find that the refined unified FT can
easily reproduce the FTs for processes with the feedback control, due to its
unconventional structure that separates the thermodynamic variable from the
choices of initial distributions. Our result is heuristic for further
understanding of the relations and distinctions between all kinds of FTs, and
might be valuable for studying thermodynamic processes with information
exchange.Comment: 15 pages, 1 tabl
Thermodynamics of Information Processing Based on Enzyme Kinetics: an Exactly Solvable Model of Information Pump
Motivated by the recent proposed models of the information engine [D. Mandal
and C. Jarzynski, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109, 11641 (2012)] and the information
refrigerator [D. Mandal, H. T. Quan, and C. Jarzynski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111,
030602 (2013)], we propose a minimal model of the information pump and the
information eraser based on enzyme kinetics. This device can either pump
molecules against the chemical potential gradient by consuming the information
encoded in the bit stream or (partially) erase the information encoded in the
bit stream by consuming the Gibbs free energy. The dynamics of this model is
solved exactly, and the "phase diagram" of the operation regimes is determined.
The efficiency and the power of the information machine is analyzed. The
validity of the second law of thermodynamics within our model is clarified. Our
model offers a simple paradigm for the investigating of the thermodynamics of
information processing involving the chemical potential in small systems
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