Frontier cooperation, a functionalist construction space, or Euro-region vs. European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation

The philosophy of the cross-border cooperation it is based on the central idea according to which if one or more border regions consider that they can solve better a series of issues together, than if they would approach them individually. The cross-border cooperation it is based upon the principles of partnership, subsidiarity and upon that of the existence of a concept or common strategy of cross-border development. The principle of partnership implies the existence of two types of relations: the partnership on vertical between the national, regional and local levels on each side of the border and the partnership on horizontal established between the partners on the both sides of the border. The experience shows that the cross-border cooperation operates better and has more success in the areas where the initiative of constitution belonged to the local and regional actors. This down-to-up approach is in conformity with the principle of subsidiarity

Romanian-Hungarian cross-border cooperation through a possible EGTC Oradea-Debrecen

A border region is an area consisting of a number of human communities and a network of relationships that link between communities and the space they are found, but are disturbed by the legal constraints of the border. Irrespective of political systems in which circumscribes, border regions have to deal with specific problems at spatial, social, economic, cultural or political level. The European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) is also like the Euro regions a border entity, but unlike the latter, the group has legal personality recognized both at EU Member State and EU level. In this respect, as a result of the analysis presented in this research, we believe that the Hajdu Bihar and Bihor space should, in future as soon as possible (one or two years), to set up an EGTC. In this respect, at the Metropolitan Area of Oradea level was made a first step towards creating the group, setting up Oradea Metropolitan Development Committee

Musculoskeletal and Nerve Ultrasonography

Musculoskeletal ultrasound had gained more and more importance lately and there is no doubt now about its role in the diagnosis and management of rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, osteoarthritis and crystal related arthropathies. We can say that now, US is a widely available, non-invasive, and cost-effective technique suitable for the evaluation of the articular and periarticular structures, such as joints, tendons, muscles, ligaments, and bursa. The real-time capabilities of the US allow continuous observation of those structures during movement and of the needle placement during musculoskeletal interventions. More than this, recently, ultrasonography (US) has gained its rights in the evaluation of Sjogren syndrome and giant cell arteritis. Thus, US can detect changes secondary to both inflammatory joint diseases, like synovitis, tenosynovitis or enthesitis, and to degenerative disease, like osteophytes or tendinosis. US can identify calcium pyrophosphate and urate deposits at the level of the cartilage and tendons and to recognize the changes at the level of the salivary glands in the context of the Sjogren’s syndrome and the ones at the level of the temporal artery, secondary to giant cell arteritis