Modelling the time series of capture fishery and aquacultural production in Iran

The trend of capture fishery and aquaculture production in Iran shows an ascending trend. An estimate of future production may be useful for management purposes and providing some clues about the effectiveness of the current plans to reach the goals. We used the data provided by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nation (FAO) to model the time series of the production of aquatics in both sectors. The data covered the years 1980-2018. We predicted the production of aquatics until 2025 using autoregressive integrated moving average models. Several techniques were used to estimate the parameters of the model. However, searching the all possible values of the parameters provided the model with the best predictability. According to the selected model, the production of capture fishery will have ascending trends and increase to 1,513,533 tons in 2025. Aquaculture production will also have an increasing trend, however, the rate of change will be lower than that of the capture fishery. Aquaculture production will reach to 552944 tons in 2025. The forecast is based on the assumption that the rate of changes in the development of capture fishery and aquaculture will remain in the present status. Sudden changes in management practice or environmental conditions may have a remarkable influence on future production

The Life Story of TGFβs superfamily: from the beginning to the end

TGFβ-superfamily consists a plethora of extracellular growth factors, modulating developmental procedures and homeostasis in vertebrates and invertebrates. TGFβ-superfamily ligands, synthesized as the large inactive precursors, transform into active ligands following by their interaction with extracellular proteolytic enzymes. Principally, TGFβs ligation to their responsive receptors can trigger two distinct transduction cascades, including 1- SMAD dependent or canonical pathway and 2- SMAD independent or non-canonical ones. R-SMADs are substrates for the type I receptors, as their GS domains act as a docking site for R-SMADs. In the canocical pathway, upon phosphorylation of SSXS of MH2, two phosphorylated-SMADs (P-SMADs) in accordance with receptor tetra-dimerization, homo or heterodimerize and then form a trimer complex by SMAD4. The trimers translocate to the nucleus, where in association with other transcription factors (activators and repressors) modulate their target genes expression. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive information about these cascades and their downstream effectors with an emphasis on the canonical one

Ichthyofauna of the Iranian part of the Sirvan River drainage with the first record of Cobitis avicenna and Oxynoemacheilus euphraticus

This study investigated the fish diversity of the Sirvan River drainage, Tigris River basin. Sampling was performed at 20 stations during 2020-2021 using an electrofishing device. A total of 32 species in 23 genera, 12 families and seven orders, including Barbus lecerta, Capoeta damascina, C. trutta, C. umbla, Carassius gibelio, Cyprinion macrostomum, C. kais, Garra rufa, Luciobarbus barbulus, Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae), Ctenopharyngodon idella,  Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, H. nobilis, Hemiculter leucisculus (Xenocyprididae), Cobitis avicennae (Cobitidae), Oxynoemacheilus euphraticus, O. zarzianus, O. kurdistanicus, O. parvinae, Turcinoemacheilus kosswigi, Paracobitis molavi (Neomacheilidae), Squalius berak, S. lepidus, Alburnus sellal, A. hohenackeri (Leuciscidae), Pseudorasbora parva (Gobionidae), Rhinogobius lindbergi (Gobiidae), Esox lucius (Esocidae), Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Mastacembelidae), Glyptothorax pallens (Sisoridae), Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmonidae) and Gambosia holbrooki (Poeciliidae) were recorded. Carassius gibelio, C. idella, C. carpio, H. molitrix and H. nobilis, A. hohenackeri P. parva, H. leucisculus, O. mykiss, R. lindbergi, E. lucius and G. holbrooki were exotic species introduced to this river system. This study confirms the new records of O. euphraticus and C. avicennae for the first time from the Iranian part of the Sirvan River drainage

Modelling the spatial distribution of the yellowfin tuna, Thunnus Albacares in the Persian Gulf using a fuzzy rule-based classification

Yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, are the most important ecological and economic fishes in the Persian Gulf. In recent decades, their populations have faced overfishing, environmental problems and climate change. In this study, using some environmental variables affecting the habitat of tuna fish, i.e. sea surface temperature at night and day, reflection of 645 nm wavelength as a water turbidity, angstrom view of aerosol 443 to 965 nm, aerosol optic thickness at 869 nm, organic and inorganic particle carbon, photosynthetic active radiation, absorption by phytoplankton at 443 nm and chlorophyll-a concentration from 2002 to 2018, on the spatial distribution of yellow-fin tuna has been modelled by fuzzy rule-based classification. Over the years, the variables had different degrees of importance in the models. There was a great variation in the spatial distribution of the species from year to year

Fishes of Guilan, By Abbasi Ranjbar K. 2017. 206 p. Iliya Culture Publication, Rasht, ISBN: 978-964-190-517-2.

The Caspian Sea basin is one of the most important inland water basin of Iran having the most diverse inland water fishes. The present study aimed to review the book entitled "Fish of Guilan'' by Keyvan Abbasi Ranjbar published in 2017. This book provides general and biological information of the reported fishes in Guilan Province that can be used as a reference and identification key by fishermen and researchers who are involved in aquaculture, fisheries and biology

Relationship between cortisol and glucose as physiological stress indicators during growth season in juvenile Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii

The relationship between cortisol and glucose was studied in two-year old farmed Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii with a body weight of 340±30 g (mean ± SD) and total length of 45±1 cm from August to November 2017. Thirty-six individuals were randomly selected and stocked in some 3×300 L fiberglass tanks. Blood samples were collected monthly from the tagged fish. The mean cortisol in August, September, October and November were 4.7±0.9, 23.5±3.0, 6.3±0.9 and 7.4±0.9 ng mL–1 respectively whereas glucose concentrations were 44.6±0.4, 27.3±0.6, 49.2±0.7 and 48.5±0.7 mg dL–1 respectively indicating a significant increase in cortisol and decrease in glucose in September, may be due to the exposure to prolonged high temperature (26–28.5°C). Although it was expected to happen naturally due to hyperglycemia of cortisol but no such phenomena was detected. Our results suggest that the consumption of glucose for maintenance of homeostasis and physiological status is a mechanism against the non-optimal thermal regime. This mechanism consumes glucose at a rate higher than that produced by cortisol, causing significant decrease of plasma glucose. In general, there was a reverse relationship between cortisol and glucose concentration during the experiment in Siberian sturgeons

The complete description of the skeletal structure of Hafez loach, Turcinoemacheilus hafezi (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae)

The osteological characteristics is an important tool for clarification of the phylogenetic statue of the family Nemechelidae. Since any information is available about osteological features of the genus Turcinoemacheilus, hence the present study provides a detailed osteological characteristics of the Turcinoemacheilus hafezi as representative of this genus. Ten specimens of T. hafezi were collected from the Shalamzar Stream, Tigris basin, Iran and cleared and stained for osteological examination. According to the results, T. hafezi is osteologicaly characterized by absence of the preethmoideum-I and postcleithrum, having four basibranchials, presence of the sesamoid ossification, free and short epural with the reduced neural process and pleurostyle, connection of the hypural-1 to the parahypural, no connection of the hypurals 3, 4, and 5 to the pleurostyle, and no bony bridge between the parietal

Histopathological effects of zinc (Zn) on mantle, digestive gland and foot in freshwater mussel, Anodonta cygnea (Linea, 1876)

Heavy metals are the most important pollutants in aquatic ecosystems that may cause adverse effects on its biota. In this study, histopathological effects of zinc (Zn) and their incidence time on swan mussel, Anodonta cygnea, were studied. Exposure to Zn was done during 18 days and histopathological investigations were conducted in mantle, digestive gland and foot in days 0, 4, 9, and 18. Histopathological changes observed were: damages of epithelium cells with increasing mucous cells (in mantle), atrophy of digestive tubules and haemocyte aggregation (in digestive gland), and hypoplasia, increasing mucous cells and myocyte swelling (in foot). Moreover, granuloma and tissue rupture were found in all organs. Primary histopathological changes were observed in fourth day of examination in all of studied organs. Results showed that sensitivity of digestive gland is lesser than mantle and foot in exposure to Zn. Also the results indicated the histopathological alterations in the organs of swan mussel can be considered as reliable biomarkers in biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems

Modeliranje prostorne raspodjeleverbaša morskoga oraha Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz, 1865) u Crnom moru korištenjem neizrazitog upravljanje

Species distribution models can predict species occurrences in areas where no data is available by finding relationships between occurrences and environmental parameters. In this study, we applied a fuzzy rule-based system to model the spatial distribution of Mnemiopsis leidyi in the Black Sea and predict the probability of its presence throughout the sea. Six variables were used as predictors, including water turbidity, organic and inorganic particulate carbon, photosynthetically active radiation, light absorption by phytoplankton, sea surface temperature, and chlorophyll-a concentration. The results revealed a 0.807 accuracy of the model based on the confusion matrix. The results also showed that photosynthetically active radiation and sea surface temperature were the most important predictors shaping the distribution of this species. The findings also showed that the northern Black Sea was with the highest probability of presence, especially in Ukraine and Russia’s coastal areas. In the coastal areas of Turkey, the highest presence probability was found near Rize, Trabzon, Ordu, and from Sinop to Zonguldak. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the Turkish coastal area is crucial to better understanding the effects of climate change and anthropogenic influences on the further distribution patterns of this invasive ctenophore in the southeastern Black Sea.Modeli raspodjele vrsta mogu predvidjeti pojavu vrsta u područjima gdje nema dostupnih podataka pronalaženjem odnosa između pojava i parametara okoliša. U ovoj studiji smo primijenili nejasan sustav temeljen na pravilima za modeliranje prostorne distribucije Mnemiopsis leidyi u Crnom moru i predviđanje vjerojatnosti njegove prisutnosti u cijelom moru. Šest varijabli korišteno je kao prediktori, uključujući zamućenost vode, organske i anorganske čestice ugljika, fotosintetsko aktivno zračenje, apsorpciju svjetla od strane fitoplanktona, temperaturu površine mora i koncentraciju klorofila a. Rezultati su otkrili točnost modela od 0,807 na temelju zabune matrice. Rezultati su također pokazali da su fotosintetski aktivno zračenje i temperatura površine mora najvažniji prediktori koji oblikuju distribuciju ove vrste. Nalazi su također pokazali da sjeverno Crno more ima najveću vjerojatnost prisustva, posebno u Ukrajini i obalnim područjima Rusije. U obalnim područjima Turske najveća je vjerojatnost prisutnosti utvrđena u blizini Rizea, Trabzona, Ordua i od Sinopa do Zonguldaka. Stoga je kontinuirano praćenje turskog obalnog područja ključno za bolje razumijevanje učinaka klimatskih promjena i antropogenih utjecaja na daljnje obrasce distribucije ovog invazivnog ctenofora u jugoistočnom Crnom moru

Assessment of habitat suitability index of Capoeta species in the Caspian Sea and Namak Lake basins, Iran

Habitat suitability index (HSI) models are usually used to forecast habitat quality and species distributions and are used to develop biological studies, management priorities and anticipate possible changes under different management or climate change situations. This study was conducted to identify the habitat suitability index of three species namely, Capoeta    buhsei, C.  razii and C. alborzensis in the Kordan, Taleghan and Jajrood Rivers, respectively. At each station, environmental variables including temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, EC, TDS and hydrological parameters such as flow velocity, depth, width, average diameter of stones and amount of phosphate, nitrate and ammonium were measured. The results showed that suitable habitats for these species are those with a high stone diameter, high temperature, low flow velocity and in areas where the width of the river is low. With respect to the abundance of fishes sampled in this study, the central and lower regions of the Jajrood and Kordan Rivers and the stations far from the dam on the Taleghan River are favorable habitats for the studied Capoeta species.