The Effects of Sexual Dimorphism on Toxic Prey Avoidance in the Chinese Praying Mantis, Tenodera sinensis

This experiment strives to investigate if sex based behaviors in praying mantid feeding habits hold true when sexual dimorphism is not obvious in juvenile mantids Sensitivity to bitter tastes provides an important means for animals to detect various toxic compounds in food (Wooding et al.2006). In predators, taste sensitivity also allows animals to exploit nutritious but toxic food sources by monitoring the consumption of compounds that may cause illness or death (Wooding et al. 2006). Studies on the Chinese praying mantis, Tenodera sinensis, show that the mantids will wipe their mouths, shake, and reject bitter tasting toxic prey when it is encountered (Carle et al. 2015). Adult male mantids were found to have a more exaggerated response, lower level of acceptance, and reduced consumption of bitter prey compared to females who have higher nutritional requirements due to their larger bodies and reproductive cycles (Carle et al. 2015). A difference in juvenile mantid feeding behavior based on sex has not been observed (Paradise and Stamp, 1991)

The Impact of Insulin Pump Therapy on Glycemic Profiles in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Data from the OpT2mise Study

Background: The OpT2mise randomized trial was designed to compare the effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and multiple daily injections (MDI) on glucose profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Methods: Patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of ≥8% (64 mmol/mol) and ≤12% (108 mmol/mol) despite insulin doses of 0.7-1.8 U/kg/day via MDI were randomized to CSII (n=168) or continued MDI (n=163). Changes in glucose profiles were evaluated using continuous glucose monitoring data collected over 6-day periods before and 6 months after randomization. Results: After 6 months, reductions in HbA1c levels were significantly greater with CSII (-1.1±1.2% [-12.0±13.1 mmol/mol]) than with MDI (-0.4±1.1% [-4.4±12.0 mmol/mol]) (P<0.001). Similarly, compared with patients receiving MDI, those receiving CSII showed significantly greater reductions in 24-h mean sensor glucose (SG) (treatment difference, -17.1 mg/dL; P=0.0023), less exposure to SG >180 mg/dL (-12.4%; P=0.0004) and SG >250 mg/dL (-5.5%; P=0.0153), and more time in the SG range of 70-180 mg/dL (12.3%; P=0.0002), with no differences in exposure to SG<70 mg/dL or in glucose variability. Changes in postprandial (4-h) glucose area under the curve >180 mg/dL were significantly greater with CSII than with MDI after breakfast (-775.9±1,441.2 mg/dL/min vs. -160.7±1,074.1 mg/dL/min; P=0.0015) and after dinner (-731.4±1,580.7 mg/dL/min vs. -71.1±1,083.5 mg/dL/min; P=0.0014). Conclusions: In patients with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes, CSII significantly improves selected glucometrics, compared with MDI, without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia

Déplacements des pratiques artistiques

Certaines disciplines artistiques tendent à assimiler des pratiques qui leur sont traditionnellement extérieures. Cette attitude s’inscrit dans les conditions de création en ce début de 21e siècle. Comment se caractérise ce déplacement, ces migrations d’un champ disciplinaire à un autre ? Ce numéro fait le point sur cette question grâce à des chercheurs de disciplines hétérogènes (esthétique, sociologie, littérature, études théâtrales, histoire de l’art...)