15,592 research outputs found
High Temperature QCD and Dimensional Reduction
In this talk I will first give a short discussion of some lattice results for
QCD at finite temperature. I will then describe in some detail the technique of
dimensional reduction, which in principle is a powerful technique to obtain
results on the long distance properties of the quark-gluon plasma. Finally I
will describe some new results, which test the technique in a simpler model,
namely three dimensional gauge theory.Comment: talk presented at the International Workshop on Non-Perturbative
Methods and Lattice QCD, Guangzhou, May 2000, 9 pp. LaTeX2e, uses
ws-p8-50x6-00.cls (enclosed), 2 eps fig
Milk progesterone as a tool to improve fertility in dairy cows
Milk progesterone offers an opportunity to objectively study fertility in dairy cows, in contrast to traditional measures of dairy cow fertility, which in general are highly influenced by on-farm management decisions. The aim of this thesis was to study how milk progesterone could be used as a genetic and management tool to improve fertility in dairy cows. Progesterone-based measures were influenced by different systematic factors, e.g. breed, parity, season, housing and lameness, studied in a dataset from a Swedish experimental herd. The repeatabilities were higher for progesterone-based measures compared with traditional measures of fertility based on insemination data. If a cow had an atypical progesterone profile in one lactation, the risk of an atypical profile in the next lactation was increased. Genetic parameters for progesterone measures based on different milk sampling intervals were estimated in a British dataset. Heritability estimates were moderate, but decreased with increased sampling intervals. It was shown that progesterone analysis of monthly milk samples, resembling milk sampling as in the current Swedish milk recording system, could be used to increase the accuracy of genetic evaluation for an earlier start of cyclical ovarian activity after calving. Inclusion of monthly milk sampling for progesterone analysis in predictive models could also be used to identify cows with delayed ovarian cyclicity with a high accuracy already two months after calving. This enables an earlier treatment of ovarian dysfunction and therefore, probably, a shorter calving interval. In conclusion, this thesis shows that milk progesterone may be used for improved management and genetic evaluation of dairy cow fertility
Beyond the c=1 Barrier in Two-Dimensional Quantum Gravity
We introduce a simple model of touching random surfaces, by adding a chemical
potential rho for ``minimal necks'', and study this model numerically coupled
to a Gaussian model in d-dimensions (for central charge c = d = 0, 1 and 2).
For c <= 1, this model has a phase transition to branched polymers, for
sufficiently large rho. For c = 2, however, the extensive simulations indicate
that this transition is replaced by a cross-over behavior on finite lattices
--- the model is always in the branched polymer phase. This supports recent
speculations that, in 2d-gravity, the behavior observe in simulations for , is dominated by finite size effects, which are exponentially enhanced
as c -> 1+.Comment: 5 pages, 6 eps-figure
ATLAS diboson excess from low scale supersymmetry breaking
We provide an interpretation of the recent ATLAS diboson excess in terms of a
class of supersymmetric models in which the scale of supersymmetry (SUSY)
breaking is in the few TeV range. The particle responsible for the excess is
the scalar superpartner of the Goldstone fermion associated with SUSY breaking,
the sgoldstino. This scalar couples strongly to the Standard Model vector
bosons and weakly to the fermions, with all coupling strengths determined by
ratios of soft SUSY breaking parameters over the SUSY breaking scale.
Explaining the ATLAS excess selects particular relations and ranges for the
gaugino masses, while imposing no constraints on the other superpartner masses.
Moreover, this signal hypothesis predicts a rate in the final state
that is expected to be observable at the LHC Run II already with a few
fb of integrated luminosity.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; v2 bibtex compilation problem fixe
Host choice and host leaving in Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) emigrants and repellency of aphid colonies on the winter host
Host choice and winter-host leaving in emigrants of bird cherry–oat aphid,
Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), were investigated in the laboratory. In settling
choice tests, emigrants collected from the winter host, Prunus padus, preferred this
plant over a summer host, oats. Emigrants which had left P. padus for up to 24 h
did not express a preference as a group, and those which had left for 24–48 h
preferred oats. Eighty seven percent of emigrants caged as fourth-instar nymphs
on P. padus leaves abandoned the host by the second day of adult life, and
apparently did not subsequently return to the leaf. In an olfactometer, P. padus
leaves which had supported spring generations of R. padi were repellent to
emigrants. Volatiles were entrained from uninfested and R. padi-infested P. padus
using cut twigs in the laboratory as well as intact twigs on a tree in the field.
Entrainment extracts from uninfested P. padus had no effect on emigrants in the
olfactometer, whereas those from twigs infested with nymphal emigrants were
repellent. The study indicates that in R. padi, host-alternation is driven by
behavioural changes which occur in individuals as well as between morphs
GOGMA: Globally-Optimal Gaussian Mixture Alignment
Gaussian mixture alignment is a family of approaches that are frequently used
for robustly solving the point-set registration problem. However, since they
use local optimisation, they are susceptible to local minima and can only
guarantee local optimality. Consequently, their accuracy is strongly dependent
on the quality of the initialisation. This paper presents the first
globally-optimal solution to the 3D rigid Gaussian mixture alignment problem
under the L2 distance between mixtures. The algorithm, named GOGMA, employs a
branch-and-bound approach to search the space of 3D rigid motions SE(3),
guaranteeing global optimality regardless of the initialisation. The geometry
of SE(3) was used to find novel upper and lower bounds for the objective
function and local optimisation was integrated into the scheme to accelerate
convergence without voiding the optimality guarantee. The evaluation
empirically supported the optimality proof and showed that the method performed
much more robustly on two challenging datasets than an existing
globally-optimal registration solution.Comment: Manuscript in press 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and
Pattern Recognitio
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