Building Data Science Capabilities into University Data Warehouse to Predict Graduation

EUNIS 2018 Congress, Tuesday 5 June - Friday 8 June 2018, Centre de Conférences, UPMC, Sorbonne Université, Paris. Proceedings. EUNIS European University Information Systems, Paris, 2018The discipline of data science emerged to combine statistical methods with computing. At Aalto University, Finland, we have taken first steps to bring educational data science as a part of daily operations of Management Information Services. This required changes in IT environment: we enhanced data warehouse infrastructure with a data science lab, where we can read predictive model training data from data warehouse database and use the created predictive models in database queries. We then conducted a data science pilot with an objective to predict students’ graduation probability and time-to-degree with student registry data. Further ethical and legal considerations are needed before using predictions in daily operations of the university.Peer reviewe

Archaeomagnetic intensity in Finland during the last 6400 years: problems in measurement techniques, dating errors or evidences for a non-dipole field

Archaeomagnetic intensity in Finland has been determined for the past 6400 years with the Thellier technique of bricks, potsherds and baked clays. The normalized intensity shows an increase from -4360 BC to the maximum at AD 500–AD 900, after which it decreases to the present value. The peak at AD 500–AD 900 is not a consequence of the applied Thellier technique since we are able to reproduce the known field values in the laboratory, and some of the bricks yield values which are in broad agreement with the observatory data. We have shown that variations in grain size of the magnetic carriers, cooling rate, fabrik or magnetic refraction are unlikely to cause systematic errors in intensity larger than ten percent. Previously we have demonstrated that the high intensity at AD 500 in Finland can be modelled by a non-dipole field producing enhanced latitude-normalized values at higher latitudes (Finland) and relatively weaker fields at lower latitudes (Bulgaria), and that extrapolation of the present field (IGRF 1990) back in time shows similar behaviour. However, the new Bulgarian smoothed archaeointensity curve by Daly and Le Goff (1996) shows a maximum in Bulgarian curve at ~AD 630 (i.e., 130 years later than in Finland) and another maximum at AD 950 (i.e., 50 years later than in Finland) , and the new relative intensity data of Finnish lake sediments (Saarinen, 1996) reveals a peak at ~AD 870 corresponding roughly with the second maximum. These new curves are somewhat controversial but they east doubt on the previous datings of the Finnish archaeomagnetic materials of the first millennia AD. Here we show that a better match of the Finnish and Bulgarian intensity data with the Finnish lake sediment data can be obtained if the Finnish ages of the first millennium are slightly younger than previously thought. However, the Finnish intensities are still significantly higher than the coeval Bulgarian intensities so that a non-dipole field enhancement may have also been operative

Fennoscandia Paleomagnetics Meeting

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95029/1/eost8757.pd

Physical properties of 368 meteorites: Implications for meteorite magnetism and planetary geophysics

Petrophysical studies (susceptibility, intensity of natural remanent magnetisation (NRM) and dry bulk density) of 368 meteorites are reviewed together with magnetic hysteresis data for 50 achondrites and chondrites. The relationships between dry bulk density, metallic FeNi-content and porosity will be discussed in the case of L-chondrites. Using the petrophysical classification scheme the meteorite class and the petrologic group of a sample can be determined in most of the cases providing a rapid means for determining a preliminary classification of a new sample. In addition, the petrophysical database provides a direct source of basic physical properties of the small bodies in the solar system. Paleointensity determinations with Thellier technique will be presented for 16 meteorites representing different chondrite groups. The results yield high paleofield values ranging from 51μT to 728μT for the magnetically hardest meteorites consistent with previous studies. However, these values must be looked with caution, because of possible physico-chemical or mineralogical alterations during heating

Rock Magnetic Studies of the Neuschwanstein EL6 Chondrite : Implications on the Origin of its Natural Remanent Magnetization

Peer reviewe

Palaeomagnetism of Middle Ordovician Carbonate Sequence, Vaivara Sinimaed Area, Northeast Estonia, Baltica

The hill range of Vaivara Sinimaed in northeast Estonia consists of several narrow east-to northeast-trending glaciotectonic fold structures. The folds include tilted (dips 4-75 degrees) Middle Ordovician (early Darriwilian) layered carbonate strata that were studied by mineralogical, palaeomagnetic, and rock magnetic methods in order to specify the post-sedimentational history of the area and to obtain a better control over the palaeogeographic position of Baltica during the Ordovician. Mineralogical studies revealed that (titano) magnetite, hematite, and goethite are carriers of magnetization. Based on data from 5 sites that positively passed a DC tilt test, a south-easterly downward directed component A (D-ref = 154.6 degrees +/- 15.3 degrees, I-ref = 60.9 degrees +/- 9.7 degrees) was identified. The component is carried by (titano) magnetite, dates to the Middle Ordovician (Plat = 17.9 degrees, Plon = 47.3 degrees, K = 46.7, A95 = 11.3 degrees), and places Baltica at mid-southerly latitudes. Observations suggest that in sites that do not pass the tilt test, the glaciotectonic event has caused some rotation of blocks around their vertical axis.Peer reviewe

A paleointensity test of the Geocentric Axial Dipole (GAD) hypothesis

The Geocentric Axial Dipole (GAD) model is central to many aspects of geophysics, including plate tectonics and paleoclimate. But its validity is by no means firmly established, particularly for the Precambrian. One test that has met with some success involves the distribution of paleomagnetic inclination angles. It works because any given field morphology has its own distinct probability distribution function (PDF) against which data compilations can be tested. Here, we investigate a second possible test using published paleointensity data. Once again, any given field morphology has a specific PDF of intensity. Likely field models consist of an underlying GAD on which is superimposed modest zonal quadrupole and octupole components. The corresponding paleointensity PDFs turn out to have more complicated shapes than their inclination counterparts, often having multiple maxima and minima. Given sufficient data, this complexity offers greater discrimination between models. In this paper, the potential of the paleointensity test is assessed using an extension of the PINT paleointensity database. We found it useful to analyze the Phanerozoic and Precambrian intervals separately. Despite the inherent limitations of this kind of analysis, a tripartite geodynamo with small zonal multipoles appears to be a good starting point on a way towards more fine-tuned models.The Geocentric Axial Dipole (GAD) model is central to many aspects of geophysics, including plate tectonics and paleoclimate. But its validity is by no means firmly established, particularly for the Precambrian. One test that has met with some success involves the distribution of paleomagnetic inclination angles. It works because any given field morphology has its own distinct probability distribution function (PDF) against which data compilations can be tested. Here, we investigate a second possible test using published paleointensity data. Once again, any given field morphology has a specific PDF of intensity. Likely field models consist of an underlying GAD on which is superimposed modest zonal quadrupole and octupole components. The corresponding paleointensity PDFs turn out to have more complicated shapes than their inclination counterparts, often having multiple maxima and minima. Given sufficient data, this complexity offers greater discrimination between models. In this paper, the potential of the paleointensity test is assessed using an extension of the PINT paleointensity database. We found it useful to analyze the Phanerozoic and Precambrian intervals separately. Despite the inherent limitations of this kind of analysis, a tripartite geodynamo with small zonal multipoles appears to be a good starting point on a way towards more fine-tuned models.Peer reviewe

Shock experiments in range of 10-45 GPa with small multidomain magnetite in porous targets

Peer reviewe

Advancing Precambrian palaeomagnetism with the PALEOMAGIA and PINT(_QPI) databases.

State-of-the-art measurements of the direction and intensity of Earth's ancient magnetic field have made important contributions to our understanding of the geology and palaeogeography of Precambrian Earth. The PALEOMAGIA and PINT(QPI) databases provide thorough public collections of important palaeomagnetic data of this kind. They comprise more than 4,100 observations in total and have been essential in supporting our international collaborative efforts to understand Earth's magnetic history on a timescale far longer than that of the present Phanerozoic Eon. Here, we provide an overview of the technical structure and applications of both databases, paying particular attention to recent improvements and discoveries